Details for: CL0000121

Cell ID: CL0000121

Cell Name: Purkinje cell

Marker Score Threshold: 33774
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: An inhibitory neuron and the sole output neuron of the cerebellar cortex, the Purkinje cell's soma is located between the granular and molecular layers of the cerebellum. It is one of the largest neural cells in the mammalian brain, ranging from 50 to 80 micrometres in diameter. Purkinje cells have planar, fan-shaped dendrites that branch extensively with little overlap. This cell type receives synaptic input from parallel fibres, which modulate high-frequency spike activity known as "simple spikes," and climbing fibres, which modulate infrequent calcium spike activity known as "complex spikes". Purkinje cells are involved in motor coordination, particularly in correcting movements in progress.

Synonyms: Purkinje neuron, cerebellar Purkinje cell, PC, PN

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ANK2 (ENSG00000145362)
    Fold Change: 7.42
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145362
  • Gene Symbol: CA8 (ENSG00000178538)
    Fold Change: 6.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000178538
  • Gene Symbol: CDH18 (ENSG00000145526)
    Fold Change: 6.53
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145526
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1A (ENSG00000141837)
    Fold Change: 6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141837
  • Gene Symbol: CDH12 (ENSG00000154162)
    Fold Change: 5.6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154162
  • Gene Symbol: CDH11 (ENSG00000140937)
    Fold Change: 5.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140937
  • Gene Symbol: ASIC2 (ENSG00000108684)
    Fold Change: 4.8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108684
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY1 (ENSG00000164742)
    Fold Change: 4.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164742
  • Gene Symbol: BICD1 (ENSG00000151746)
    Fold Change: 4.58
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151746
  • Gene Symbol: CACNB4 (ENSG00000182389)
    Fold Change: 4.55
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182389
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 4.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B2 (ENSG00000157087)
    Fold Change: 4.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157087
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA2D1 (ENSG00000153956)
    Fold Change: 4.39
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153956
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR2 (ENSG00000204217)
    Fold Change: 4.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204217
  • Gene Symbol: ASTN1 (ENSG00000152092)
    Fold Change: 4.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152092
  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 4.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 4.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: APBA1 (ENSG00000107282)
    Fold Change: 4.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107282
  • Gene Symbol: RUNX1T1 (ENSG00000079102)
    Fold Change: 3.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000079102
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 3.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1B (ENSG00000148408)
    Fold Change: 3.77
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148408
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK4 (ENSG00000152495)
    Fold Change: 3.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152495
  • Gene Symbol: APC (ENSG00000134982)
    Fold Change: 3.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134982
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK2D (ENSG00000145349)
    Fold Change: 3.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145349
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 3.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: BRAF (ENSG00000157764)
    Fold Change: 3.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157764
  • Gene Symbol: CDH2 (ENSG00000170558)
    Fold Change: 3.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170558
  • Gene Symbol: CDH13 (ENSG00000140945)
    Fold Change: 3.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140945
  • Gene Symbol: LDLRAD4 (ENSG00000168675)
    Fold Change: 3.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168675
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1E (ENSG00000198216)
    Fold Change: 2.84
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198216
  • Gene Symbol: CALM1 (ENSG00000198668)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198668
  • Gene Symbol: CDS1 (ENSG00000163624)
    Fold Change: 2.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163624
  • Gene Symbol: ANK1 (ENSG00000029534)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000029534
  • Gene Symbol: APBB2 (ENSG00000163697)
    Fold Change: 2.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163697
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: BACH1 (ENSG00000156273)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156273
  • Gene Symbol: LRBA (ENSG00000198589)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198589
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 2.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: ADARB1 (ENSG00000197381)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197381
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1C (ENSG00000151067)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151067
  • Gene Symbol: FOXN3 (ENSG00000053254)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000053254
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: APLP1 (ENSG00000105290)
    Fold Change: 2.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105290
  • Gene Symbol: CBLB (ENSG00000114423)
    Fold Change: 2.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114423
  • Gene Symbol: BCKDHB (ENSG00000083123)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000083123
  • Gene Symbol: KIF1A (ENSG00000130294)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130294
  • Gene Symbol: SCARB2 (ENSG00000138760)
    Fold Change: 1.9
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138760
  • Gene Symbol: CALM2 (ENSG00000143933)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143933
  • Gene Symbol: ABL1 (ENSG00000097007)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000097007
  • Gene Symbol: CDC27 (ENSG00000004897)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000004897
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR2A (ENSG00000121989)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121989
  • Gene Symbol: AMPH (ENSG00000078053)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000078053
  • Gene Symbol: CFL1 (ENSG00000172757)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172757
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA3 (ENSG00000167972)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000167972
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: CDK8 (ENSG00000132964)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000132964
  • Gene Symbol: ABL2 (ENSG00000143322)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143322
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK2B (ENSG00000058404)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058404
  • Gene Symbol: ABR (ENSG00000159842)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159842
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1B (ENSG00000138696)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138696
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: CHD2 (ENSG00000173575)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173575
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0A1 (ENSG00000033627)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000033627
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1A (ENSG00000107779)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107779
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1A (ENSG00000114573)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114573
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B2 (ENSG00000129244)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129244
  • Gene Symbol: ABAT (ENSG00000183044)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183044
  • Gene Symbol: CHM (ENSG00000188419)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000188419
  • Gene Symbol: CAPZB (ENSG00000077549)
    Fold Change: 1.39
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000077549
  • Gene Symbol: BMAL1 (ENSG00000133794)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133794
  • Gene Symbol: CCNT2 (ENSG00000082258)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000082258
  • Gene Symbol: CD81 (ENSG00000110651)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110651
  • Gene Symbol: CALB1 (ENSG00000104327)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104327
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: CDH4 (ENSG00000179242)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179242
  • Gene Symbol: ARRB1 (ENSG00000137486)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000137486
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: KRIT1 (ENSG00000001631)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000001631
  • Gene Symbol: CALR (ENSG00000179218)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179218
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B1 (ENSG00000143153)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143153
  • Gene Symbol: CACNB2 (ENSG00000165995)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165995
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK2G (ENSG00000148660)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148660
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY5 (ENSG00000173175)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173175
  • Gene Symbol: ATR (ENSG00000175054)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175054
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: CHKA (ENSG00000110721)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110721
  • Gene Symbol: CDC42 (ENSG00000070831)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070831
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1D (ENSG00000157388)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157388
  • Gene Symbol: AP1G1 (ENSG00000166747)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166747
  • Gene Symbol: CBL (ENSG00000110395)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110395
  • Gene Symbol: ATM (ENSG00000149311)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149311
  • Gene Symbol: AUH (ENSG00000148090)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148090
  • Gene Symbol: CHD3 (ENSG00000170004)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170004
  • Gene Symbol: CANX (ENSG00000127022)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127022
  • Gene Symbol: ARSB (ENSG00000113273)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113273
  • Gene Symbol: BTG1 (ENSG00000133639)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133639
  • Gene Symbol: XIAP (ENSG00000101966)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101966
Hovered Details

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Hovered Details

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**Key Characteristics** * **Location**: Purkinje cells are located in the cerebellar cortex, specifically between the granular and molecular layers. * **Size**: They are one of the largest neural cells in the mammalian brain, ranging from 50 to 80 micrometres in diameter. * **Dendrites**: Planar, fan-shaped dendrites that branch extensively with little overlap. * **Synaptic Input**: Receives input from parallel fibers and climbing fibers, which modulate their activity to regulate motor movements. * **Function**: Involved in motor coordination, particularly in correcting movements in progress. * **Genes**: ANK2, CA8, and CDH18 are genes associated with Purkinje cell development and function. **Clinical Significance** * **Neurodegenerative Disorders**: Purkinje cells are affected in various neurodegenerative disorders, including cerebellar degeneration, ataxia, and Parkinson's disease. * **Motor Disorders**: Abnormalities in Purkinje cell function can lead to motor disorders, such as ataxia, dysarthria, and dyskinesia. * **Cerebellar Tumors**: Purkinje cells are a common target for cerebellar tumors, which can lead to motor symptoms and cognitive impairment. * **Injury and Trauma**: Purkinje cells can be damaged in traumatic brain injuries, leading to motor and cognitive deficits. * **Neuroplasticity**: Purkinje cells play a critical role in neuroplasticity, and their dysfunction can lead to impaired motor learning and adaptation. In conclusion, Purkinje cells are a unique and essential component of the cerebellum, playing a critical role in motor coordination and learning. Their dysfunction can lead to various motor and cognitive disorders, highlighting the importance of their study and preservation in neurodegenerative diseases.