Details for: CL0000166

Cell ID: CL0000166

Cell Name: chromaffin cell

Marker Score Threshold: 1407
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system.

Synonyms: phaeochromocyte

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ANK2 (ENSG00000145362)
    Fold Change: 8.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145362
  • Gene Symbol: ALCAM (ENSG00000170017)
    Fold Change: 8.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170017
  • Gene Symbol: ZFHX3 (ENSG00000140836)
    Fold Change: 8
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140836
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR1B (ENSG00000138696)
    Fold Change: 7.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138696
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 6.53
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: CCND1 (ENSG00000110092)
    Fold Change: 6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110092
  • Gene Symbol: CALM2 (ENSG00000143933)
    Fold Change: 5.71
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143933
  • Gene Symbol: CALM1 (ENSG00000198668)
    Fold Change: 5.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198668
  • Gene Symbol: CDK6 (ENSG00000105810)
    Fold Change: 4.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105810
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 4.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: ANK3 (ENSG00000151150)
    Fold Change: 4.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151150
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK4 (ENSG00000152495)
    Fold Change: 3.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152495
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 3.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: BMPR2 (ENSG00000204217)
    Fold Change: 3.41
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204217
  • Gene Symbol: BICD1 (ENSG00000151746)
    Fold Change: 3.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151746
  • Gene Symbol: LRBA (ENSG00000198589)
    Fold Change: 3.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198589
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 3.23
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: APOE (ENSG00000130203)
    Fold Change: 3.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130203
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA2D1 (ENSG00000153956)
    Fold Change: 3.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153956
  • Gene Symbol: CDH2 (ENSG00000170558)
    Fold Change: 2.96
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170558
  • Gene Symbol: CD44 (ENSG00000026508)
    Fold Change: 2.93
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000026508
  • Gene Symbol: CFL1 (ENSG00000172757)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172757
  • Gene Symbol: BCL2 (ENSG00000171791)
    Fold Change: 2.69
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171791
  • Gene Symbol: PHOX2A (ENSG00000165462)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165462
  • Gene Symbol: CALR (ENSG00000179218)
    Fold Change: 2.51
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179218
  • Gene Symbol: ALK (ENSG00000171094)
    Fold Change: 2.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171094
  • Gene Symbol: CD81 (ENSG00000110651)
    Fold Change: 2.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110651
  • Gene Symbol: SCARB1 (ENSG00000073060)
    Fold Change: 2.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000073060
  • Gene Symbol: APC (ENSG00000134982)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134982
  • Gene Symbol: APBA1 (ENSG00000107282)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107282
  • Gene Symbol: FOXN3 (ENSG00000053254)
    Fold Change: 2.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000053254
  • Gene Symbol: APLP1 (ENSG00000105290)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105290
  • Gene Symbol: BRAF (ENSG00000157764)
    Fold Change: 2.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000157764
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B1 (ENSG00000143153)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143153
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH3A2 (ENSG00000072210)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072210
  • Gene Symbol: RUNX1T1 (ENSG00000079102)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000079102
  • Gene Symbol: ADK (ENSG00000156110)
    Fold Change: 2.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000156110
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY1 (ENSG00000164742)
    Fold Change: 2.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164742
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1B (ENSG00000148408)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148408
  • Gene Symbol: CDKN1C (ENSG00000129757)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129757
  • Gene Symbol: CANX (ENSG00000127022)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127022
  • Gene Symbol: ASTN1 (ENSG00000152092)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152092
  • Gene Symbol: CHD4 (ENSG00000111642)
    Fold Change: 1.81
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000111642
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 1.7
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: CD47 (ENSG00000196776)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196776
  • Gene Symbol: SCARB2 (ENSG00000138760)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138760
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR2B (ENSG00000114739)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114739
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2A2 (ENSG00000174437)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000174437
  • Gene Symbol: KIF1A (ENSG00000130294)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130294
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1A (ENSG00000114573)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114573
  • Gene Symbol: CDC42 (ENSG00000070831)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070831
  • Gene Symbol: CALM3 (ENSG00000160014)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160014
  • Gene Symbol: APBA2 (ENSG00000034053)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000034053
  • Gene Symbol: RHOB (ENSG00000143878)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143878
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN1 (ENSG00000072110)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072110
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169100
  • Gene Symbol: CAPZB (ENSG00000077549)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000077549
  • Gene Symbol: CAPNS1 (ENSG00000126247)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000126247
  • Gene Symbol: ADCY2 (ENSG00000078295)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000078295
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L2 (ENSG00000152518)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152518
  • Gene Symbol: BTF3 (ENSG00000145741)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145741
  • Gene Symbol: MPPED2 (ENSG00000066382)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000066382
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: CD151 (ENSG00000177697)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177697
  • Gene Symbol: ABCA3 (ENSG00000167972)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000167972
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: CBLB (ENSG00000114423)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114423
  • Gene Symbol: CHD2 (ENSG00000173575)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173575
  • Gene Symbol: CD63 (ENSG00000135404)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135404
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0A1 (ENSG00000033627)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000033627
  • Gene Symbol: CENPF (ENSG00000117724)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117724
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK2D (ENSG00000145349)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145349
  • Gene Symbol: CAMK2B (ENSG00000058404)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058404
  • Gene Symbol: BTG1 (ENSG00000133639)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133639
  • Gene Symbol: AP2A2 (ENSG00000183020)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183020
  • Gene Symbol: APBB1 (ENSG00000166313)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166313
  • Gene Symbol: ALB (ENSG00000163631)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163631
  • Gene Symbol: APOC1 (ENSG00000130208)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130208
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA2 (ENSG00000182718)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182718
  • Gene Symbol: B2M (ENSG00000166710)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGDIA (ENSG00000141522)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141522
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: CDH12 (ENSG00000154162)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154162
  • Gene Symbol: CD9 (ENSG00000010278)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000010278
  • Gene Symbol: CACNA1C (ENSG00000151067)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151067
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B4 (ENSG00000058668)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000058668
  • Gene Symbol: PTTG1IP (ENSG00000183255)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183255
  • Gene Symbol: ACVR1B (ENSG00000135503)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135503
  • Gene Symbol: CACNB2 (ENSG00000165995)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165995
  • Gene Symbol: CBL (ENSG00000110395)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110395
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: XIAP (ENSG00000101966)
    Fold Change: N/A
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101966
Hovered Details

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Hovered Details

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**Key Characteristics** 1. **Chromaffin Cell (CL0000166)** * Located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system * Stores epinephrine secretory vesicles * Characterized by their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts * Plays a crucial role in the sympathetic nervous system, particularly in response to stress 2. **Alcam (ALCAM)** * Cell adhesion molecule involved in neuronal cell adhesion and axon guidance * Involved in the development and maintenance of the nervous system * Forms heterophilic cell-cell adhesions via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules 3. **ZFHX3** * Transcription factor that regulates gene expression, particularly in the development of the nervous system * Involved in the regulation of DNA-templated transcription * Regulates the expression of genes involved in neuronal differentiation and development 4. **DST** * Protein involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell junctions * Involved in cell-cell communication and cell motility * Plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system **Clinical Significance** 1. **Chromaffin Cell (CL0000166)** * Dysfunction of chromaffin cells can lead to conditions such as pheochromocytoma, a type of tumor that produces excessive amounts of epinephrine. * Abnormalities in chromaffin cell development can lead to conditions such as neuroblastoma, a type of cancer that affects the sympathetic nervous system. 2. **Alcam (ALCAM)** * Mutations in the ALCAM gene have been associated with conditions such as X-linked intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. * Impaired ALCAM function can lead to difficulties in neuronal cell adhesion and axon guidance, contributing to neurological disorders. 3. **ZFHX3** * Abnormalities in ZFHX3 gene expression have been associated with conditions such as neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. * ZFHX3 plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, and alterations in its function can lead to disruptions in normal cellular processes. 4. **DST** * Abnormalities in DST gene expression have been associated with conditions such as neurological disorders and cancer. * DST plays a crucial role in the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell junctions, and alterations in its function can lead to disruptions in normal cellular processes. In conclusion, these four cell types play critical roles in the development and function of the nervous system, and abnormalities in their gene expressions can lead to a range of clinical disorders. Further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms underlying their functions and the consequences of their dysregulation.