Details for: CL0000636

Cell ID: CL0000636

Cell Name: Mueller cell

Marker Score Threshold: 1387
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer.

Synonyms: Muller cell, Muller glia, Müller cell

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: C6 (ENSG00000039537)
    Fold Change: 7.98
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000039537
  • Gene Symbol: ATP12A (ENSG00000075673)
    Fold Change: 7.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075673
  • Gene Symbol: BMX (ENSG00000102010)
    Fold Change: 7.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000102010
  • Gene Symbol: ALAS2 (ENSG00000158578)
    Fold Change: 5.37
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000158578
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 3.91
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: C4BPA (ENSG00000123838)
    Fold Change: 3.81
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123838
  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 3.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1E (ENSG00000124172)
    Fold Change: 3.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124172
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100)
    Fold Change: 3.39
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169100
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 3.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: ARG1 (ENSG00000118520)
    Fold Change: 3.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000118520
  • Gene Symbol: B2M (ENSG00000166710)
    Fold Change: 3.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5ME (ENSG00000169020)
    Fold Change: 2.99
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169020
  • Gene Symbol: CALM1 (ENSG00000198668)
    Fold Change: 2.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198668
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 2.86
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: BTF3 (ENSG00000145741)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145741
  • Gene Symbol: BTG1 (ENSG00000133639)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133639
  • Gene Symbol: CALM2 (ENSG00000143933)
    Fold Change: 2.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143933
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 2.73
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: APOE (ENSG00000130203)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130203
  • Gene Symbol: ASAH1 (ENSG00000104763)
    Fold Change: 2.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104763
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 2.67
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 2.64
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: CA2 (ENSG00000104267)
    Fold Change: 2.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104267
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC3 (ENSG00000154518)
    Fold Change: 2.56
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154518
  • Gene Symbol: ASPH (ENSG00000198363)
    Fold Change: 2.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198363
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 2.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: DST (ENSG00000151914)
    Fold Change: 2.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151914
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 2.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1D (ENSG00000099624)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099624
  • Gene Symbol: APP (ENSG00000142192)
    Fold Change: 2.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142192
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1C (ENSG00000165629)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165629
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: RHOB (ENSG00000143878)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143878
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PO (ENSG00000241837)
    Fold Change: 2.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000241837
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L1 (ENSG00000185650)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185650
  • Gene Symbol: TMEM258 (ENSG00000134825)
    Fold Change: 2.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134825
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A4 (ENSG00000151729)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000151729
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA5 (ENSG00000164111)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164111
  • Gene Symbol: RHOC (ENSG00000155366)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000155366
  • Gene Symbol: AMD1 (ENSG00000123505)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123505
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PB (ENSG00000116459)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000116459
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: ADD3 (ENSG00000148700)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148700
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A5 (ENSG00000005022)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000005022
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: ARF4 (ENSG00000168374)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168374
  • Gene Symbol: ATF3 (ENSG00000162772)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162772
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L2 (ENSG00000152518)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152518
  • Gene Symbol: ATRX (ENSG00000085224)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000085224
  • Gene Symbol: ATF4 (ENSG00000128272)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128272
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH9A1 (ENSG00000143149)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143149
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: APOC1 (ENSG00000130208)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130208
  • Gene Symbol: RERE (ENSG00000142599)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142599
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC1 (ENSG00000159199)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159199
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B2 (ENSG00000129244)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129244
  • Gene Symbol: ATOX1 (ENSG00000177556)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177556
  • Gene Symbol: ADD1 (ENSG00000087274)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087274
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V1E1 (ENSG00000131100)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000131100
  • Gene Symbol: ARL3 (ENSG00000138175)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138175
  • Gene Symbol: C1QBP (ENSG00000108561)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108561
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGDIA (ENSG00000141522)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141522
  • Gene Symbol: ARF6 (ENSG00000165527)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165527
  • Gene Symbol: TSPO (ENSG00000100300)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100300
  • Gene Symbol: ADH5 (ENSG00000197894)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197894
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH3A2 (ENSG00000072210)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072210
  • Gene Symbol: APEX1 (ENSG00000100823)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100823
  • Gene Symbol: TMEM50B (ENSG00000142188)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142188
  • Gene Symbol: ADH1A (ENSG00000187758)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000187758
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3 (ENSG00000176171)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000176171
  • Gene Symbol: GET3 (ENSG00000198356)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198356
  • Gene Symbol: ACYP2 (ENSG00000170634)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170634
  • Gene Symbol: ATP2B1 (ENSG00000070961)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070961
  • Gene Symbol: PTTG1IP (ENSG00000183255)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183255
  • Gene Symbol: ACP1 (ENSG00000143727)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143727
  • Gene Symbol: DDR1 (ENSG00000204580)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204580
  • Gene Symbol: CALD1 (ENSG00000122786)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122786
  • Gene Symbol: APRT (ENSG00000198931)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198931
  • Gene Symbol: MPPED2 (ENSG00000066382)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000066382
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6AP1 (ENSG00000071553)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000071553
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH2 (ENSG00000111275)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000111275
  • Gene Symbol: BAG1 (ENSG00000107262)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107262
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA7 (ENSG00000138279)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138279
  • Gene Symbol: PARP1 (ENSG00000143799)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143799
  • Gene Symbol: AUP1 (ENSG00000115307)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000115307
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGAP5 (ENSG00000100852)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100852
  • Gene Symbol: ARL2 (ENSG00000213465)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000213465
  • Gene Symbol: ALDH7A1 (ENSG00000164904)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164904
  • Gene Symbol: AP2B1 (ENSG00000006125)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006125
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: AAMP (ENSG00000127837)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127837
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA2 (ENSG00000182718)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182718
  • Gene Symbol: BLVRB (ENSG00000090013)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000090013
  • Gene Symbol: ACADVL (ENSG00000072778)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072778
  • Gene Symbol: CCND1 (ENSG00000110092)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110092
  • Gene Symbol: SERPING1 (ENSG00000149131)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149131
Hovered Details

Hover over a box to see details here...

Hovered Details

Hover over a box to see details here...

**Key Characteristics** * Mueller cells are astrocyte-like radial glial cells that extend vertically throughout the retina. * The nucleus of the Mueller cell is usually located in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. * Mueller cells have a unique characteristic of being involved in the maintenance of retinal health and function. * The cell's genetic makeup involves multiple genes and signaling pathways, including those involved in immune response, cell migration, and protein synthesis. * Mueller cells are involved in the regulation of complement activation and the maintenance of blood-brain barrier. * The cell's molecular pathways involve multiple proteins, including ATP12A, BMX, ALAS2, ACTG1, and C4BPA. **Clinical Significance** Mueller cells play a crucial role in the maintenance of retinal health and function. Dysfunction of these cells has been implicated in various retinal diseases, including: * Retinitis pigmentosa: A group of genetic disorders that affect the retina and lead to progressive vision loss. * Leber congenital amaurosis: A rare genetic disorder that affects the retina and leads to severe vision loss. * Retinal detachment: A condition where the retina separates from the underlying tissue, leading to vision loss. * Macular degeneration: A condition where the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision, deteriorates. Understanding the role of Mueller cells in retinal health and function is crucial for the development of new treatments for retinal diseases. Research on Mueller cells has the potential to lead to the development of new therapies, including gene therapy and immunotherapies, to restore vision in individuals with retinal diseases. **Genes and Signaling Pathways** The genetic makeup of Mueller cells involves multiple genes and signaling pathways, including: * ATP12A: Involved in the regulation of intracellular potassium ion homeostasis and the transport of small molecules across the plasma membrane. * BMX: Involved in the regulation of apoptosis and the activation of immune responses. * ALAS2: Involved in the regulation of heme biosynthesis and the production of hemoglobin. * ACTG1: Involved in the regulation of actin dynamics and the formation of actin filaments. * C4BPA: Involved in the regulation of complement activation and the maintenance of blood-brain barrier. These genes and signaling pathways are involved in various cellular processes, including: * Immune response: Mueller cells are involved in the regulation of immune responses, including the activation of immune cells and the production of cytokines. * Cell migration: Mueller cells are involved in the regulation of cell migration, including the formation of actin filaments and the activation of immune cells. * Protein synthesis: Mueller cells are involved in the regulation of protein synthesis, including the production of hemoglobin and the regulation of immune responses. Overall, the genetic makeup and molecular pathways involved in the function of Mueller cells are complex and involve multiple genes and signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of new treatments for retinal diseases.