Details for: CL0000648

Cell ID: CL0000648

Cell Name: kidney granular cell

Marker Score Threshold: 393
(Derived using integrated single-cell and genomic data)

Description: A smooth muscle cell that synthesizes, stores, and secretes the enzyme renin. This cell type are located in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. While having a different origin than other kidney smooth muscle cells, this cell type expresses smooth muscle actin upon maturation.

Synonyms: juxtaglomerular cell, JG cell, renin secreting cell

Genes (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Gene Symbol: ACTB (ENSG00000075624)
    Fold Change: 2.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075624
  • Gene Symbol: B2M (ENSG00000166710)
    Fold Change: 2.81
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710
  • Gene Symbol: ACTG1 (ENSG00000184009)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184009
  • Gene Symbol: COX4I1 (ENSG00000131143)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000131143
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A6 (ENSG00000169100)
    Fold Change: 2.43
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169100
  • Gene Symbol: CFL1 (ENSG00000172757)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172757
  • Gene Symbol: COX7C (ENSG00000127184)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127184
  • Gene Symbol: CIRBP (ENSG00000099622)
    Fold Change: 2.31
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099622
  • Gene Symbol: CALM1 (ENSG00000198668)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198668
  • Gene Symbol: BTF3 (ENSG00000145741)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000145741
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1E (ENSG00000124172)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124172
  • Gene Symbol: COX6C (ENSG00000164919)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164919
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC2 (ENSG00000135390)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135390
  • Gene Symbol: BTG1 (ENSG00000133639)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133639
  • Gene Symbol: COX6B1 (ENSG00000126267)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000126267
  • Gene Symbol: RHOA (ENSG00000067560)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067560
  • Gene Symbol: CDC42 (ENSG00000070831)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000070831
  • Gene Symbol: COX7A2 (ENSG00000112695)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000112695
  • Gene Symbol: CALM2 (ENSG00000143933)
    Fold Change: 1.9
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143933
  • Gene Symbol: COX5B (ENSG00000135940)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135940
  • Gene Symbol: CD63 (ENSG00000135404)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135404
  • Gene Symbol: CAPZB (ENSG00000077549)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000077549
  • Gene Symbol: KLF6 (ENSG00000067082)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067082
  • Gene Symbol: COX6A1 (ENSG00000111775)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000111775
  • Gene Symbol: CALR (ENSG00000179218)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179218
  • Gene Symbol: COX8A (ENSG00000176340)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000176340
  • Gene Symbol: ARF1 (ENSG00000143761)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143761
  • Gene Symbol: SEPTIN7 (ENSG00000122545)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122545
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5ME (ENSG00000169020)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169020
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PF (ENSG00000154723)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154723
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1B (ENSG00000110955)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110955
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L1 (ENSG00000185650)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000185650
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC3 (ENSG00000154518)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000154518
  • Gene Symbol: SLC25A5 (ENSG00000005022)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000005022
  • Gene Symbol: CYBA (ENSG00000051523)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000051523
  • Gene Symbol: ZFP36L2 (ENSG00000152518)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152518
  • Gene Symbol: DBI (ENSG00000155368)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000155368
  • Gene Symbol: TMEM258 (ENSG00000134825)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134825
  • Gene Symbol: COX7B (ENSG00000131174)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000131174
  • Gene Symbol: CLIC1 (ENSG00000213719)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000213719
  • Gene Symbol: CSTB (ENSG00000160213)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160213
  • Gene Symbol: BSG (ENSG00000172270)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172270
  • Gene Symbol: CANX (ENSG00000127022)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000127022
  • Gene Symbol: DAD1 (ENSG00000129562)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129562
  • Gene Symbol: CD74 (ENSG00000019582)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000019582
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1D (ENSG00000099624)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099624
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1A (ENSG00000152234)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152234
  • Gene Symbol: CAST (ENSG00000153113)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153113
  • Gene Symbol: ATRX (ENSG00000085224)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000085224
  • Gene Symbol: CSNK1A1 (ENSG00000113712)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113712
  • Gene Symbol: ATF4 (ENSG00000128272)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128272
  • Gene Symbol: ATP6V0B (ENSG00000117410)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117410
  • Gene Symbol: APRT (ENSG00000198931)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198931
  • Gene Symbol: CLTA (ENSG00000122705)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122705
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5F1C (ENSG00000165629)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165629
  • Gene Symbol: CAPZA1 (ENSG00000116489)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000116489
  • Gene Symbol: CST3 (ENSG00000101439)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101439
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA5 (ENSG00000164111)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164111
  • Gene Symbol: CD47 (ENSG00000196776)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196776
  • Gene Symbol: AP2M1 (ENSG00000161203)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000161203
  • Gene Symbol: CLK1 (ENSG00000013441)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000013441
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PO (ENSG00000241837)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000241837
  • Gene Symbol: ACTN4 (ENSG00000130402)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130402
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA2 (ENSG00000182718)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182718
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1A1 (ENSG00000163399)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163399
  • Gene Symbol: CAPZA2 (ENSG00000198898)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198898
  • Gene Symbol: ARF4 (ENSG00000168374)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168374
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGDIA (ENSG00000141522)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000141522
  • Gene Symbol: TLE5 (ENSG00000104964)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104964
  • Gene Symbol: CTNNB1 (ENSG00000168036)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000168036
  • Gene Symbol: CTSD (ENSG00000117984)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117984
  • Gene Symbol: ALDOA (ENSG00000149925)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000149925
  • Gene Symbol: ANXA11 (ENSG00000122359)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000122359
  • Gene Symbol: CHD2 (ENSG00000173575)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173575
  • Gene Symbol: ATP1B3 (ENSG00000069849)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000069849
  • Gene Symbol: APLP2 (ENSG00000084234)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000084234
  • Gene Symbol: CALM3 (ENSG00000160014)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160014
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5PB (ENSG00000116459)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000116459
  • Gene Symbol: BNIP3L (ENSG00000104765)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104765
  • Gene Symbol: TSPO (ENSG00000100300)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100300
  • Gene Symbol: ACADVL (ENSG00000072778)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000072778
  • Gene Symbol: AP2S1 (ENSG00000042753)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000042753
  • Gene Symbol: AMD1 (ENSG00000123505)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000123505
  • Gene Symbol: CCT6A (ENSG00000146731)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000146731
  • Gene Symbol: CD81 (ENSG00000110651)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110651
  • Gene Symbol: CTSB (ENSG00000164733)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164733
  • Gene Symbol: ATP5MC1 (ENSG00000159199)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000159199
  • Gene Symbol: C1QBP (ENSG00000108561)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000108561
  • Gene Symbol: FOXN3 (ENSG00000053254)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000053254
  • Gene Symbol: ARHGDIB (ENSG00000111348)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000111348
  • Gene Symbol: ASAH1 (ENSG00000104763)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000104763
  • Gene Symbol: ARF6 (ENSG00000165527)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165527
  • Gene Symbol: CD44 (ENSG00000026508)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000026508
  • Gene Symbol: AP3S1 (ENSG00000177879)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000177879
  • Gene Symbol: DDT (ENSG00000099977)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000099977
  • Gene Symbol: ADAR (ENSG00000160710)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000160710
  • Gene Symbol: APEX1 (ENSG00000100823)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100823
  • Gene Symbol: ACP1 (ENSG00000143727)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143727
  • Gene Symbol: CYC1 (ENSG00000179091)
    Fold Change: 1
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179091
  • Gene Symbol: CHD1 (ENSG00000153922)
    Fold Change: N/A
    Ensembl ID: ENSG00000153922
Hovered Details

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Hovered Details

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**Key Characteristics** * Located in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus * Responsible for synthesizing, storing, and secreting renin * Expresses smooth muscle actin upon maturation * Has a distinct origin compared to other kidney smooth muscle cells * Plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance **Clinical Significance** The kidney granular cell plays a critical role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis and electrolyte balance. Renin secretion is regulated by various factors, including angiotensin II, aldosterone, and sympathetic nervous system activity. Abnormalities in renin secretion can lead to hypertension, hypotension, and electrolyte imbalances, which can have significant clinical consequences. Dysregulation of renin secretion has been implicated in various cardiovascular and renal disorders, including: 1. Hypertension: Renin secretion is often elevated in patients with hypertension, leading to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular complications. 2. Renal failure: Renal failure can lead to decreased renin secretion, resulting in hypotension and electrolyte imbalances. 3. Heart failure: Renin secretion is often elevated in patients with heart failure, leading to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular complications. 4. Kidney disease: Renal disease can lead to abnormal renin secretion, resulting in hypertension, electrolyte imbalances, and cardiovascular complications. Understanding the regulation of renin secretion and the role of the kidney granular cell in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis is essential for developing effective treatments for cardiovascular and renal disorders. **Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms** The kidney granular cell expresses a range of genes involved in smooth muscle cell function, including ACTB, which encodes for beta-actin. The cell also expresses genes involved in renin secretion, including B2M, which encodes for beta-2 microglobulin. The regulation of renin secretion involves complex signaling pathways, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the sympathetic nervous system. The RAAS is activated by angiotensin II, which stimulates renin secretion from the kidney granular cell. The RAAS is also regulated by aldosterone, which stimulates sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron and increases blood pressure. The kidney granular cell also expresses genes involved in cell-cell communication, including genes involved in adherens junction assembly and apical protein localization. These genes are important for maintaining cell polarity and regulating renin secretion. **Diseases and Disorders** The kidney granular cell has been implicated in various diseases and disorders, including: 1. Hypertension 2. Renal failure 3. Heart failure 4. Kidney disease 5. Cardiovascular disease Understanding the role of the kidney granular cell in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis is essential for developing effective treatments for these disorders. **Experimental Models** Experimental models have been used to study the regulation of renin secretion and the role of the kidney granular cell in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis. These models include: 1. Renin-secreting cell lines 2. Renal models of hypertension and renal failure 3. Animal models of heart failure and cardiovascular disease These models have provided valuable insights into the regulation of renin secretion and the role of the kidney granular cell in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis. **Conclusion** The kidney granular cell is a unique smooth muscle cell found in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. This cell type is responsible for synthesizing, storing, and secreting renin, which plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Understanding the regulation of renin secretion and the role of the kidney granular cell in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis is essential for developing effective treatments for cardiovascular and renal disorders.