Details for: INSL5

Gene ID: 10022

Symbol: INSL5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000172410

Description: insulin like 5

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: 2.51
    Marker Score: 4,330
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 2.4
    Marker Score: 2,411
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 2,163
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 965
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 1,194
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 7,689
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4,813
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 710
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,822
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48,046
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 513
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 466
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,408
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,413
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 378
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5,351
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2,743
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 329
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,288
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 480
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,269
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 711
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 401
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 1,195
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 411
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 176
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 211
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 490
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 280
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.36
    Marker Score: 354
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.3
    Marker Score: 176
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 138
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 409
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 72
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 380
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 94
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 68
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 44
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 359
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 47
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 84
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 77
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 70
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 1,837
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 79
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: type L enteroendocrine cell (CL0002279)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 79
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 160
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 229
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 264
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 87
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of Cajal (CL0002088)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 26
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: intestine goblet cell (CL0019031)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 51
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 110
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: gut endothelial cell (CL0000131)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 26
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 24
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 74
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: erythroid lineage cell (CL0000764)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 53
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 44
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 224
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 315
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 24
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 16
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.04
    Marker Score: 56
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 54
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: retinal cone cell (CL0000573)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 98
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 155
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 201
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 27
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.03
    Marker Score: 27

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** INSL5 is a small, C-terminal extension of the insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) family, which is characterized by its unique structure and high sequence homology with other insulin-like peptides. The gene encoding INSL5 is widely expressed in various tissues, including the brain, immune cells, and epithelial cells of the small intestine. INSL5 is primarily produced by T cells, plasma cells, and goblet cells, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of immune responses and mucosal homeostasis. The peptide's ligand-binding properties and its interaction with specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as key determinants of its biological activity. **Pathways and Functions:** The biological activity of INSL5 is mediated through its interaction with specific GPCRs, including the relaxin receptor and the G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43). The binding of INSL5 to these receptors triggers a cascade of signaling events, including the activation of Gαi proteins, which in turn modulate various downstream pathways. These pathways include the regulation of feeding behavior, immune response, and vascular function. INSL5 has been shown to stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by T cells and B cells, while also modulating the expression of genes involved in the regulation of feeding behavior. **Clinical Significance:** The identification of INSL5 as a key regulator of feeding behavior and immune response has significant implications for the treatment of metabolic and immune disorders. Dysregulation of INSL5 signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting INSL5 include the development of specific agonists or antagonists that modulate its biological activity. Furthermore, INSL5 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of these disorders, providing valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of disease. In conclusion, INSL5 is a complex peptide hormone that plays a critical role in regulating feeding behavior and immune response. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying its biological activity and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic and immune disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 3231065245

Symbol: INSL5_HUMAN

Name: Insulin-like peptide INSL5

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9Y5Q6 Q3MIY4 Q5VYD8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 4 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 3 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10458910

Title: Identification of INSL5, a new member of the insulin superfamily.

PubMed ID: 10458910

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5899

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 15525639

Title: INSL5 is a high affinity specific agonist for GPCR142 (GPR100).

PubMed ID: 15525639

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m409916200

PubMed ID: 18576448

Title: Synthesis, conformation, and activity of human insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5).

PubMed ID: 18576448

DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800113

PubMed ID: 19178384

Title: Structure of human insulin-like peptide 5 and characterization of conserved hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions within the relaxin framework.

PubMed ID: 19178384

DOI: 10.1042/bj20082353

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 135
  • Mass: 15333
  • Checksum: A932D7EDE9D173F5
  • Sequence:
    • MKGSIFTLFL FSVLFAISEV RSKESVRLCG LEYIRTVIYI CASSRWRRHQ EGIPQAQQAE 
TGNSFQLPHK REFSEENPAQ NLPKVDASGE DRLWGGQMPT EELWKSKKHS VMSRQDLQTL 
CCTDGCSMTD LSALC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.