Details for: CEACAM5

Gene ID: 1048

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CEACAM5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105388

Description: CEA cell adhesion molecule 5

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 38.03
    rCSI 39.84%
    PRS 97.42
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 31.35
    rCSI 36.36%
    PRS 97.4
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 17.48
    rCSI 38.16%
    PRS 98.37
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 17.42
    rCSI 17.83%
    PRS 96.58
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 14.95
    rCSI 35.47%
    PRS 95.25
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 14.09
    rCSI 14.7%
    PRS 97.8
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 13.1
    rCSI 12.37%
    PRS 97.32
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 11.93
    rCSI 28.37%
    PRS 98.22
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 11.79
    rCSI 12.33%
    PRS 97.1
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 11.49
    rCSI 14.29%
    PRS 97.48
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 11.4
    rCSI 13.39%
    PRS 98.4
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 11.39
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 98.43
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 11.33
    rCSI 24.12%
    PRS 98.3
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 11.12
    rCSI 14.27%
    PRS 98.58
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 11.03
    rCSI 9.79%
    PRS 97.28
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 10.74
    rCSI 56.42%
    PRS 98.34
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 10.22
    rCSI 15.61%
    PRS 97.35
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 8.78
    rCSI 16.48%
    PRS 97.93
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 13.27%
    PRS 96.39
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 7.91
    rCSI 7.89%
    PRS 95.75
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 7.7
    rCSI 11.78%
    PRS 98.72
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 7.42
    rCSI 14.69%
    PRS 97.97
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 7.22
    rCSI 10.57%
    PRS 97.1
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 7.16
    rCSI 7.61%
    PRS 98.34
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 7.13
    rCSI 5.91%
    PRS 98.73
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 6.09
    rCSI 8.91%
    PRS 99.09
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 5.66
    rCSI 7.74%
    PRS 96.87
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 4.58
    rCSI 34.4%
    PRS 99.12
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 4.32
    rCSI 9.45%
    PRS 98.33
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 3.47
    rCSI 34.07%
    PRS 98.45
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 3.42
    rCSI 5.06%
    PRS 99.03
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 9.13%
    PRS 97.79
  • lung goblet cell CL1000143
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 27.13%
    PRS 98.75
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 6.64%
    PRS 98.94
  • epithelial cell of esophagus CL0002252
    CSI 1.18
    rCSI 11.64%
    PRS 95.74
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 1.04
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 98.39
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.96
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 97.69
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.54
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 98.89

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 ([CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048)) is a well-characterized GPI-anchored glycoprotein located on the cell surface. As a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, its primary functions involve mediating both homophilic and heterophilic cell-cell adhesion, which is crucial for maintaining tissue architecture ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(89)91679-3)). Functionally, it also plays a significant role in cell survival by negatively regulating anoikis, a form of programmed cell death initiated by cell detachment ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10910050)). **Overall**, expression of [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) is highly specific to epithelial cells, particularly secretory subtypes such as `[colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108)` and `[goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160)` in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Due to its frequent overexpression in various adenocarcinomas and its presence in extracellular exosomes, it is one of the most widely used tumor biomarkers in clinical oncology ([OMIM: [114890](https://omim.org/entry/114890)]). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) demonstrates a highly specialized role in mucosal and glandular epithelial tissues. **Overall**, the gene shows its most significant expression and is a defining marker for `[colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108)` (CSI: 38.03), indicating a fundamental role in the normal colonic epithelium. This specificity extends to other secretory cell types lining mucosal surfaces, including `[nasal mucosa goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0002480)` (CSI: 31.35) and `[tracheal goblet cell](/details-cell/CL1000329)` (CSI: 17.48). Its high significance in various goblet cell populations (`[colon goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0009039)`, `[intestine goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0019031)`) and other specialized secretory cells like `[foveolar cell of stomach](/details-cell/CL0002179)` underscores its primary function in establishing and maintaining the integrity of mucosal barriers. Interestingly, [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) also shows significant expression in `[IgA plasma cell](/details-cell/CL0000987)` (CSI: 17.42), suggesting a potential role in the mucosal immune system, possibly mediating interactions between epithelial surfaces and antibody-producing plasma cells resident in the lamina propria. The gene's consistent high ranking in transit amplifying cells of the colon and respiratory basal cells further suggests its involvement in the differentiation and organization of these epithelial tissues. The pattern of expression points to a specialized function confined to the epithelial linings of the digestive and respiratory systems. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) are centered on cell-cell interaction and survival signaling. Gene Ontology annotations highlight its role in both *Heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules* ([GO:0007157](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007157)) and *Homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules* ([GO:0007156](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007156)). This is supported by its annotated molecular function in *Identical protein binding* ([GO:0042802](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042802)), which enables epithelial cells to form cohesive sheets ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m909242199)). A critical function of [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) is its ability to protect cells from detachment-induced apoptosis through the *Negative regulation of anoikis* ([GO:2000811](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2000811)), a pathway that is often exploited by cancer cells during metastasis ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10910050)). As a cell surface protein located on the *Apical plasma membrane* ([GO:0016324](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016324)) and also found in *Extracellular exosome* ([GO:0070062](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070062)), it is positioned to interact with the extracellular environment and can be shed into circulation, explaining its utility as a biomarker. Its involvement in Reactome pathways such as *Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall* ([R-HSA-202733](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-202733)) and *Hemostasis* ([R-HSA-109582](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-109582)) may be relevant to the process of tumor cell extravasation and metastatic seeding. ## Research Directions Given the well-established link between [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) and cancer, research should focus on elucidating the precise mechanisms by which it promotes malignancy and exploring its therapeutic tractability. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Overexpression of [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) in colorectal tumor cells directly promotes metastatic success by conferring resistance to anoikis, allowing disseminated cells to survive in circulation and colonize distant organs like the liver. 2. In the context of the gut mucosa, [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) on the surface of `[colon epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0011108)` and `[colon goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0009039)` may function as a binding receptor for specific commensal or pathogenic bacteria, thereby modulating microbiome composition and host inflammatory responses. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) promotes metastasis via anoikis resistance, a rigorous experimental plan could be implemented. First, using CRISPR-Cas9, [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) could be knocked out in a human colorectal cancer cell line that expresses it endogenously. The resulting knockout cells and their wild-type counterparts would then be cultured in suspension on ultra-low attachment plates to induce anoikis. Cell viability and apoptosis could be quantified over time using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. For an *in vivo* validation, an orthotopic mouse model would be employed, where wild-type and knockout tumor cells are injected into the cecal wall of immunocompromised mice. Metastatic burden in the liver and lungs would be quantified after several weeks via histology and bioluminescence imaging, directly testing the gene's contribution to metastatic colonization. **Therapeutic Potential:** [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048) represents an outstanding therapeutic target. Its high expression on the surface of tumor cells and limited expression in most normal adult tissues provides a favorable therapeutic window. Because its function is pro-survival and pro-adhesion for cancer cells, therapeutic strategies should focus on inhibition or targeted cell killing. It is an ideal candidate for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that deliver a cytotoxic payload directly to tumor cells. Furthermore, its surface accessibility makes it a viable target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies or bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibodies, which would redirect the patient's immune system to attack [CEACAM5](/details-gene/1048)-positive cancer cells.

Genular Protein ID: 1817482593

Symbol: CEAM5_HUMAN

Name: Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P06731 H9KVA7

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 3 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EMBL 16 EMDB 1 Ensembl 4 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 18 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 5 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 4 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3670312

Title: Isolation and characterization of full-length functional cDNA clones for human carcinoembryonic antigen.

PubMed ID: 3670312

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3221-3230.1987

PubMed ID: 3220478

Title: Carcinoembryonic antigen family: characterization of cDNAs coding for NCA and CEA and suggestion of nonrandom sequence variation in their conserved loop-domains.

PubMed ID: 3220478

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(88)90160-7

PubMed ID: 2342461

Title: Cloning of the complete gene for carcinoembryonic antigen: analysis of its promoter indicates a region conveying cell type-specific expression.

PubMed ID: 2342461

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.6.2738-2748.1990

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 3814146

Title: Primary structure of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) deduced from cDNA sequence.

PubMed ID: 3814146

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(87)90304-4

PubMed ID: 3033671

Title: Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding the human carcinoembryonic antigen reveal a highly conserved repeating structure.

PubMed ID: 3033671

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.9.2960

PubMed ID: 2803308

Title: Cell adhesion activity of non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expressed on CHO cell surface: homophilic and heterophilic adhesion.

PubMed ID: 2803308

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)91679-3

PubMed ID: 2317824

Title: Expression of complementary DNA and genomic clones for carcinoembryonic antigen and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen in Chinese hamster ovary and mouse fibroblast cells and characterization of the membrane-expressed products.

PubMed ID: 2317824

PubMed ID: 10436421

Title: Four carcinoembryonic antigen subfamily members, CEA, NCA, BGP and CGM2, selectively expressed in the normal human colonic epithelium, are integral components of the fuzzy coat.

PubMed ID: 10436421

DOI: 10.1159/000030075

PubMed ID: 10910050

Title: Human carcinoembryonic antigen functions as a general inhibitor of anoikis.

PubMed ID: 10910050

PubMed ID: 10864933

Title: Self recognition in the Ig superfamily. Identification of precise subdomains in carcinoembryonic antigen required for intercellular adhesion.

PubMed ID: 10864933

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m909242199

PubMed ID: 16740002

Title: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16740002

DOI: 10.1021/pr050492k

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 26483485

Title: Diverse oligomeric states of CEACAM IgV domains.

PubMed ID: 26483485

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509511112

PubMed ID: 10854848

Title: Structural models for carcinoembryonic antigen and its complex with the single-chain Fv antibody molecule MFE23.

PubMed ID: 10854848

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01612-4

PubMed ID: 18086185

Title: Binding of Dr adhesins of Escherichia coli to carcinoembryonic antigen triggers receptor dissociation.

PubMed ID: 18086185

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06054.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 702
  • Mass: 76796
  • Checksum: 6299AE26CDDBDB5C
  • Sequence:
    • MESPSAPPHR WCIPWQRLLL TASLLTFWNP PTTAKLTIES TPFNVAEGKE VLLLVHNLPQ 
HLFGYSWYKG ERVDGNRQII GYVIGTQQAT PGPAYSGREI IYPNASLLIQ NIIQNDTGFY 
TLHVIKSDLV NEEATGQFRV YPELPKPSIS SNNSKPVEDK DAVAFTCEPE TQDATYLWWV 
NNQSLPVSPR LQLSNGNRTL TLFNVTRNDT ASYKCETQNP VSARRSDSVI LNVLYGPDAP 
TISPLNTSYR SGENLNLSCH AASNPPAQYS WFVNGTFQQS TQELFIPNIT VNNSGSYTCQ 
AHNSDTGLNR TTVTTITVYA EPPKPFITSN NSNPVEDEDA VALTCEPEIQ NTTYLWWVNN 
QSLPVSPRLQ LSNDNRTLTL LSVTRNDVGP YECGIQNELS VDHSDPVILN VLYGPDDPTI 
SPSYTYYRPG VNLSLSCHAA SNPPAQYSWL IDGNIQQHTQ ELFISNITEK NSGLYTCQAN 
NSASGHSRTT VKTITVSAEL PKPSISSNNS KPVEDKDAVA FTCEPEAQNT TYLWWVNGQS 
LPVSPRLQLS NGNRTLTLFN VTRNDARAYV CGIQNSVSAN RSDPVTLDVL YGPDTPIISP 
PDSSYLSGAN LNLSCHSASN PSPQYSWRIN GIPQQHTQVL FIAKITPNNN GTYACFVSNL 
ATGRNNSIVK SITVSASGTS PGLSAGATVG IMIGVLVGVA LI

Genular Protein ID: 1008400546

Symbol: Q53G30_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q53G30

Database IDs:

ARBA 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 3 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 Gene3D 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 2 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 RefSeq 2 SAM 1 SMART 2 SUPFAM 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8125298

Title: Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.

PubMed ID: 8125298

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8

PubMed ID: 9373149

Title: Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.

PubMed ID: 9373149

DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 702
  • Mass: 76868
  • Checksum: 62992426CDDABB5C
  • Sequence:
    • MESPSAPPHR WCIPWQRLLL TASLLTFWNP PTTAKLTIES TPFNVAEGKE VLLLVHNLPQ 
HLFGYSWYKG ERVDGNRQII GYVIGTQQAT PGPAYSGREI IYPNASLLIQ NIIQNDTGFY 
TLHVIKSDLV NEEATGQFRV YPELPKPSIS SNNSKPVEDK DAVAFTCEPE TQDATYLWWV 
NNQSLPVSPR LQLSNGNRTL TLFNVTRNDT ASYKCETQNP VSARRSDSVI LNVLYGPDAP 
TISPLNTSYR SGENLNLSCH AASNPPAQYS WFVNGTFQQS TQELFIPNIT VNNSGSYTCQ 
AHNSDTGLNR TTVTTITVYA EPPKPFITSN NSNPVEDEDA VALTCEPEIQ NTTYLWWVNN 
QSLPVSPRLQ LSNDNRTLTL LSVTRNDVGP YECGIQNELS VDHSDPVILN VLYGPDDPTI 
SPSYTYYRPG VNLSLSCHAA SNPPAQYSWL IDENIQQHTQ ELFISNITEK NSGLYTCQAN 
NSASGHSRTT VKTITVSAEL PKPSISSNNS KPVEDKDAVA FTCEPEAQNT TYLWWVNGQS 
LPVSPRLQLS NGNRTLTLFN VTRNDARAYV CGIQNSVSAN RSDPVTLDVL YGPDTPIISP 
PDSSYLSGAN LNLSCHSASN PSPQYSWRIN GIPQQHTQVL FIAKITPNNN GTYACFVSNL 
ATGRNNSIVK SITVSASGTS PGLSAGATVG IMIGVLVGVA LI