Details for: TGOLN2

Gene ID: 10618

Symbol: TGOLN2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000152291

Description: trans-golgi network protein 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 6,809
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 2.52
    Marker Score: 2,464
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 130,109
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 56,087
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 2.18
    Marker Score: 5,847
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Marker Score: 24,628
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Marker Score: 903
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Marker Score: 2,392
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Marker Score: 2,906
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 20,517
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 69,875
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 4,589
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Marker Score: 2,925
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002397)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 3,845
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 1,932
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 3,193
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 2,037
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 958
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 1,282
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 1,943
  • Cell Name: colon epithelial cell (CL0011108)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 6,004
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Marker Score: 1,917
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Marker Score: 862
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 1.84
    Marker Score: 8,826
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 4,546
  • Cell Name: IgG memory B cell (CL0000979)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 1,097
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 1.81
    Marker Score: 730
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Marker Score: 3,281
  • Cell Name: IgG-negative class switched memory B cell (CL0002117)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 1,744
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Marker Score: 419
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Marker Score: 504
  • Cell Name: transitional stage B cell (CL0000818)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 609
  • Cell Name: memory regulatory T cell (CL0002678)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Marker Score: 589
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Marker Score: 415
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Marker Score: 730
  • Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Marker Score: 579
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Marker Score: 5,907
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Marker Score: 1,757
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 86,703
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 607
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 3,662
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 1,694
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 2,849
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 5,047
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 1,253
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Marker Score: 367
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Marker Score: 1,423
  • Cell Name: effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001044)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Marker Score: 1,485
  • Cell Name: bronchial epithelial cell (CL0002328)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Marker Score: 417
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of breast (CL4006000)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Marker Score: 898
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Marker Score: 17,635
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Marker Score: 3,758
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Marker Score: 806
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of endocrine pancreas (CL0002351)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 338
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 1,061
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 13,501
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 538
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 898
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 731
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 11,459
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of artery (CL1000413)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 638
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 4,317
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 1,083
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 5,275
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 475
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 345
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal lymphangioblast (CL0005021)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 342
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 1,155
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 563
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell precursor (CL0002375)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 378
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 1,651
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 9,222
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 3,030
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle (CL1000311)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Marker Score: 396
  • Cell Name: alternatively activated macrophage (CL0000890)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Marker Score: 627
  • Cell Name: memory B cell (CL0000787)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 1,126
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 19,917
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 685
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 1,007
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 366
  • Cell Name: epidermal cell (CL0000362)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 412
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Marker Score: 335
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Marker Score: 1,709
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of small intestine (CL1000275)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 381
  • Cell Name: starburst amacrine cell (CL0004232)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 411
  • Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 520
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 625
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 711
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 496
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 5,850
  • Cell Name: endocardial cell (CL0002350)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 812
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 9,158
  • Cell Name: promonocyte (CL0000559)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 923
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 904
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 1,204
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 2,204
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 1,041
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 819
  • Cell Name: intermediate monocyte (CL0002393)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Marker Score: 492
  • Cell Name: S cone cell (CL0003050)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Marker Score: 427

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TGOLN2 is a member of the golgin family of proteins, which are known to regulate the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus. It is characterized by its ability to interact with various proteins and lipids, facilitating the sorting and transport of cargo to the TGN. TGOLN2 is highly expressed in cells involved in protein metabolism, such as pancreatic A cells, kidney collecting duct principal cells, and immune cells like macrophages and monocytes. **Pathways and Functions:** TGOLN2 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis**: TGOLN2 interacts with clathrin, a protein involved in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles, to facilitate the recognition and internalization of cargo. 2. **Clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane**: TGOLN2 plays a crucial role in the formation and function of clathrin-coated vesicles, which are essential for the transport of proteins and lipids to the TGN. 3. **Retrograde transport at the trans-Golgi network**: TGOLN2 is involved in the retrograde transport of proteins and lipids from the TGN to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they can be reused or degraded. 4. **Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake**: TGOLN2 interacts with insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) to regulate the transport and uptake of IGFs, which are essential for cellular growth and differentiation. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of TGOLN2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Diabetes**: Alterations in TGOLN2 expression have been linked to impaired insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. 2. **Cancer**: Changes in TGOLN2 expression have been observed in various types of cancer, including pancreatic cancer, where it may contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. 3. **Immune disorders**: TGOLN2 is involved in the regulation of immune responses, and alterations in its expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. 4. **Neurological disorders**: Dysregulation of TGOLN2 has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, TGOLN2 is a critical regulator of protein trafficking and metabolism, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which TGOLN2 regulates protein trafficking and metabolism, and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2480013849

Symbol: TGON2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O43493 B2R686 B8ZZ88 D6W5K3 F8W8W7 F8WBK2 J3KQ45 O15282 O43492 O43499 O43500 O43501 Q53G68 Q53GV2 Q6MZV1 Q6ZTM7 Q8N6T8 Q92760 Q96QL2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 27 EPD 1 Ensembl 5 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 9 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 2 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 7 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 6 RefSeq 4 SAM 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 2 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9422759

Title: Molecular cloning and expression of a novel human trans-Golgi network glycoprotein, TGN51, that contains multiple tyrosine-containing motifs.

PubMed ID: 9422759

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.2.981

PubMed ID: 8907712

Title: Primate homologues of rat TGN38: primary structure, expression and functional implications.

PubMed ID: 8907712

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.109.3.675

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 18318008

Title: Large-scale phosphoproteome analysis of human liver tissue by enrichment and fractionation of phosphopeptides with strong anion exchange chromatography.

PubMed ID: 18318008

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700884

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 26091039

Title: A single kinase generates the majority of the secreted phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 26091039

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.028

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 437
  • Mass: 45880
  • Checksum: 6F72467FED83A1A3
  • Sequence:
    • MRFVVALVLL NVAAAGAVPL LATESVKQEE AGVRPSAGNV STHPSLSQRP GGSTKSHPEP 
QTPKDSPSKS SAEAQTPEDT PNKSGAEAKT QKDSSNKSGA EAKTQKGSTS KSGSEAQTTK 
DSTSKSHPEL QTPKDSTGKS GAEAQTPEDS PNRSGAEAKT QKDSPSKSGS EAQTTKDVPN 
KSGADGQTPK DGSSKSGAED QTPKDVPNKS GAEKQTPKDG SNKSGAEEQG PIDGPSKSGA 
EEQTSKDSPN KVVPEQPSRK DHSKPISNPS DNKELPKADT NQLADKGKLS PHAFKTESGE 
ETDLISPPQE EVKSSEPTED VEPKEAEDDD TGPEEGSPPK EEKEKMSGSA SSENREGTLS 
DSTGSEKDDL YPNGSGNGSA ESSHFFAYLV TAAILVAVLY IAHHNKRKII AFVLEGKRSK 
VTRRPKASDY QRLDQKS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.