Details for: CES1

Gene ID: 1066

Symbol: CES1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198848

Description: carboxylesterase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 930
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 14499
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Marker Score: 21505.5
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 2.04
    Marker Score: 52348
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 8055
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 1589
  • Cell Name: multi-ciliated epithelial cell (CL0005012)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 3470
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 11730
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 4754
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Marker Score: 658
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Marker Score: 1813
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 1160
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 168916
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Marker Score: 1417
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000794)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 1105
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Marker Score: 5170
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 5096
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 475
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Marker Score: 521
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 6737
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 61513
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 505
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 2399
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 234
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 1004.5
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 474
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate (CL1000299)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 245
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30406
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of large intestine (CL1000279)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 370
  • Cell Name: prostate stromal cell (CL0002622)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 245
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 502
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 456
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2411
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 5272
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 369
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 253
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2738
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 763
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2269
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 599
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell, human (CL0001056)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 915
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 321
  • Cell Name: bronchus fibroblast of lung (CL2000093)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 1202
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5296
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 610
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 390
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 9782
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell (CL0019019)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 235
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 1269
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1268
  • Cell Name: muscle cell (CL0000187)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 219
  • Cell Name: myeloid dendritic cell (CL0000782)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 467
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 523
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 572
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 678
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 1184
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 4804
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 3062
  • Cell Name: reticular cell (CL0000432)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 265
  • Cell Name: bronchial smooth muscle cell (CL0002598)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 205
  • Cell Name: promonocyte (CL0000559)
    Fold Change: 0.72
    Marker Score: 461
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 492
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 177
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 252
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 438
  • Cell Name: fat cell (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 363
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 201
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 277
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 8614
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 157
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 5401
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial serous cell (CL0019001)
    Fold Change: 0.62
    Marker Score: 227
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.6
    Marker Score: 174
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 128
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 146
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 363
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial goblet cell (CL0019003)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 156
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 441
  • Cell Name: T-helper 17 cell (CL0000899)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 352
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 264
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000934)
    Fold Change: 0.53
    Marker Score: 466
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.52
    Marker Score: 138
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 215
  • Cell Name: CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human (CL0000939)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 392
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 593
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 527
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 281
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 328
  • Cell Name: intermediate monocyte (CL0002393)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 165
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 3487
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 447
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 254
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 591
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 140.5
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell (CL0000319)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 112
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 4898
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 1358
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.41
    Marker Score: 429
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 0.4
    Marker Score: 127
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 0.4
    Marker Score: 377

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** * The CES1 gene is located on chromosome 17q21.1. * It is a large gene, encoding a protein of 1,304 amino acids. * The protein is expressed in the cytoplasm of cells. * It is a transmembrane protein, with a signal peptide of 23 amino acids and a transmembrane domain of approximately 1,069 amino acids. * It is a member of the carboxylesterase family of enzymes. **Pathways and functions:** * CES1 is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including: * Aspirin adme * Biological oxidations * Carboxylesterase activity * Carboxylic ester hydrolase activity * Cardiac conduction * Cholesterol biosynthetic process * Cholesterol metabolic process * Drug adme * Metabolism of proteins * Methylumbelliferyl-acetate deacetylase activity * Muscle contraction * Negative regulation of cholesterol storage * Peptide hormone metabolism * Phase i - functionalization of compounds * Physiological factors * Positive regulation of cholesterol efflux * Response to toxic substance * CES1 is a key regulator of cholesterol metabolism. It is upregulated in response to fasting and obesity, and it plays a role in regulating cholesterol efflux from cells. **Clinical significance:** * Mutations in the CES1 gene have been linked to several human diseases, including hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. * CES1 inhibitors are being investigated as potential treatments for these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2260348460

Symbol: EST1_HUMAN

Name: Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P23141 A6NIM1 A8K3K8 A8K844 E9PAU8 P82127 Q00015 Q13657 Q14062 Q16737 Q16788 Q549X7 Q549X8 Q86UK2 Q96EE8 Q9UC52 Q9UDG8 Q9UK77 Q9ULY2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 35 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 48 DrugCentral 1 EC 3 EMBL 20 EMDB 1 EPD 1 ESTHER 1 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 25 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 2 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 2 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 27 PDBsum 19 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 3 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 3 Rhea 12 SABIO-RK 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1918003

Title: A serine esterase released by human alveolar macrophages is closely related to liver microsomal carboxylesterases.

PubMed ID: 1918003

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55139-5

PubMed ID: 8218228

Title: Glycosylation-dependent activity of baculovirus-expressed human liver carboxylesterases: cDNA cloning and characterization of two highly similar enzyme forms.

PubMed ID: 8218228

DOI: 10.1021/bi00094a018

PubMed ID: 8406473

Title: Molecular cloning and characterization of a human carboxylesterase gene.

PubMed ID: 8406473

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1285

PubMed ID: 8049197

Title: Purification, cloning, and expression of a human enzyme with acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which is identical to liver carboxylesterase.

PubMed ID: 8049197

DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.14.8.1346

PubMed ID: 10562416

Title: Human egasyn binds beta-glucuronidase but neither the esterase active site of egasyn nor the C-terminus of beta-glucuronidase is involved in their interaction.

PubMed ID: 10562416

DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1999.1449

PubMed ID: 11015575

Title: Cholesteryl ester hydrolase in human monocyte/macrophage: cloning, sequencing, and expression of full-length cDNA.

PubMed ID: 11015575

DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.2000.2.1.1

PubMed ID: 11812220

Title: Heterologous expression, purification, and characterization of human triacylglycerol hydrolase.

PubMed ID: 11812220

DOI: 10.1006/prep.2001.1553

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15616553

Title: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.

PubMed ID: 15616553

DOI: 10.1038/nature03187

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10518925

Title: cDNA cloning, characterization and stable expression of novel human brain carboxylesterase.

PubMed ID: 10518925

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)01111-4

PubMed ID: 7980644

Title: Purification and characterization of a human liver cocaine carboxylesterase that catalyzes the production of benzoylecgonine and the formation of cocaethylene from alcohol and cocaine.

PubMed ID: 7980644

DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(94)90461-8

PubMed ID: 9490062

Title: Purification and characterization of retinyl ester hydrolase as a member of the non-specific carboxylesterase supergene family.

PubMed ID: 9490062

DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2510863.x

PubMed ID: 8597091

Title: Molecular aspects of carboxylesterase isoforms in comparison with other esterases.

PubMed ID: 8597091

DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03493-5

PubMed ID: 12022871

Title: Structure-function analysis of human triacylglycerol hydrolase by site-directed mutagenesis: identification of the catalytic triad and a glycosylation site.

PubMed ID: 12022871

DOI: 10.1021/bi0255625

PubMed ID: 1997784

Title: Cloning and sequencing of a human liver carboxylesterase isoenzyme.

PubMed ID: 1997784

DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(91)90515-d

PubMed ID: 2070086

Title: cDNA cloning and characterization of human monocyte/macrophage serine esterase-1.

PubMed ID: 2070086

PubMed ID: 1748313

Title: Cloning and analysis of a cDNA encoding a human liver carboxylesterase.

PubMed ID: 1748313

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90448-k

PubMed ID: 9169443

Title: Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin.

PubMed ID: 9169443

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.23.14769

PubMed ID: 16024911

Title: Redistribution of macrophage cholesteryl ester hydrolase from cytoplasm to lipid droplets upon lipid loading.

PubMed ID: 16024911

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m500207-jlr200

PubMed ID: 16971496

Title: Stable overexpression of human macrophage cholesteryl ester hydrolase results in enhanced free cholesterol efflux from human THP1 macrophages.

PubMed ID: 16971496

DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00306.2006

PubMed ID: 18762277

Title: Inhibition of carboxylesterase 1 is associated with cholesteryl ester retention in human THP-1 monocyte/macrophages.

PubMed ID: 18762277

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.07.005

PubMed ID: 18599737

Title: Hepatic overexpression of cholesteryl ester hydrolase enhances cholesterol elimination and in vivo reverse cholesterol transport.

PubMed ID: 18599737

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800277-jlr200

PubMed ID: 18485328

Title: Two CES1 gene mutations lead to dysfunctional carboxylesterase 1 activity in man: clinical significance and molecular basis.

PubMed ID: 18485328

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.04.015

PubMed ID: 21049984

Title: Inactivation of lipid glyceryl ester metabolism in human THP1 monocytes/macrophages by activated organophosphorus insecticides: role of carboxylesterases 1 and 2.

PubMed ID: 21049984

DOI: 10.1021/tx1002194

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 12725862

Title: Crystal structure of human carboxylesterase 1 complexed with the Alzheimer's drug tacrine. From binding promiscuity to selective inhibition.

PubMed ID: 12725862

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(03)00071-1

PubMed ID: 12679808

Title: Structural basis of heroin and cocaine metabolism by a promiscuous human drug-processing enzyme.

PubMed ID: 12679808

DOI: 10.1038/nsb919

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 567
  • Mass: 62521
  • Checksum: D3A00BDCDC7E5DFF
  • Sequence:
    • MWLRAFILAT LSASAAWGHP SSPPVVDTVH GKVLGKFVSL EGFAQPVAIF LGIPFAKPPL 
GPLRFTPPQP AEPWSFVKNA TSYPPMCTQD PKAGQLLSEL FTNRKENIPL KLSEDCLYLN 
IYTPADLTKK NRLPVMVWIH GGGLMVGAAS TYDGLALAAH ENVVVVTIQY RLGIWGFFST 
GDEHSRGNWG HLDQVAALRW VQDNIASFGG NPGSVTIFGE SAGGESVSVL VLSPLAKNLF 
HRAISESGVA LTSVLVKKGD VKPLAEQIAI TAGCKTTTSA VMVHCLRQKT EEELLETTLK 
MKFLSLDLQG DPRESQPLLG TVIDGMLLLK TPEELQAERN FHTVPYMVGI NKQEFGWLIP 
MQLMSYPLSE GQLDQKTAMS LLWKSYPLVC IAKELIPEAT EKYLGGTDDT VKKKDLFLDL 
IADVMFGVPS VIVARNHRDA GAPTYMYEFQ YRPSFSSDMK PKTVIGDHGD ELFSVFGAPF 
LKEGASEEEI RLSKMVMKFW ANFARNGNPN GEGLPHWPEY NQKEGYLQIG ANTQAAQKLK 
DKEVAFWTNL FAKKAVEKPP QTEHIEL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.