Details for: CFTR

Gene ID: 1080

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CFTR

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000001626

Description: CF transmembrane conductance regulator

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 25.37
    rCSI 27.18%
    PRS 80.78
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 18.53
    rCSI 36.04%
    PRS 82.49
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 17.1
    rCSI 20.81%
    PRS 85.98
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 10.37
    rCSI 12.9%
    PRS 80.63
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 10.29
    rCSI 12.09%
    PRS 81.23
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 6.58
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 83.23
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 5.38
    rCSI 28.23%
    PRS 85.14
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 5.07
    rCSI 15.04%
    PRS 88.18
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 5.04
    rCSI 7.38%
    PRS 84.19
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 6.58%
    PRS 85.03
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 4.85
    rCSI 29.09%
    PRS 82.24
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 4.84
    rCSI 11.61%
    PRS 83.59
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 4.46
    rCSI 12.03%
    PRS 84.43
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 3.27
    rCSI 6.57%
    PRS 69.77
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.24%
    PRS 76.98
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 3.02
    rCSI 3.76%
    PRS 59.56
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 77.14
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 2.77
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 84.67
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 4.09%
    PRS 83.8
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 9.79%
    PRS 62.56
  • kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 18.42%
    PRS 77.85
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 4.42%
    PRS 71.11
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 5.55%
    PRS 71.17
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 82.89
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 3.09%
    PRS 69.95
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 2.24
    rCSI 3.43%
    PRS 87.9
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 5.41%
    PRS 79.23
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 3.15%
    PRS 86.35
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 63.27
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 83.33
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 5.99%
    PRS 66.04
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 1.54
    rCSI 6.74%
    PRS 87.53
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 1.44
    rCSI 34.49%
    PRS 59.98
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.94%
    PRS 86.64
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 33.3%
    PRS 60.56
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.29
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 88.49
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.47
    rCSI 5.08%
    PRS 87.79
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 0.35
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 87.64

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
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    • High
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    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
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  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary The [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) gene encodes a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. This protein functions as an ATP-gated anion channel, primarily conducting chloride and bicarbonate ions across epithelial cell membranes. Its activity is crucial for regulating ion and water transport across epithelial surfaces in various tissues, including the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. Mutations in the [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) gene are the cause of cystic fibrosis, a multi-system genetic disorder characterized by defective fluid secretion and mucus accumulation. The gene's expression is highly significant in specialized secretory epithelial cells, such as [ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0005006) and [pancreatic ductal cells](/details-cell/CL0002079), underscoring its central role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Its dysfunction is linked to several clinical conditions, including cystic fibrosis ([602421](https://omim.org/entry/602421)), congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens ([277180](https://omim.org/entry/277180)), and pancreatitis ([167800](https://omim.org/entry/167800)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) highlights its specialized function in epithelial cells responsible for ion and fluid transport across mucosal surfaces. The highest significance scores are observed in rare, specialized cell types known to be potent ion transporters. The gene shows exceptional significance in [ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0005006) (CSI: 25.37) and their respiratory system counterparts, [pulmonary ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0017000) (CSI: 17.10), suggesting these cells are primary sites of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080)-mediated ion transport in tissues like the gills and airways. A similarly high significance is seen in [pancreatic ductal cells](/details-cell/CL0002079) (CSI: 18.53) and [cholangiocytes](/details-cell/CL1000488) (CSI: 4.85), which is consistent with its role in secreting bicarbonate-rich fluids essential for digestion and neutralizing stomach acid. In the gastrointestinal tract, [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) is a key marker for [BEST4+ enteroyctes](/details-cell/CL4030026) (CSI: 10.37), [transit amplifying cells of the colon](/details-cell/CL0009011) (CSI: 10.29), and [enterocytes of the large intestine](/details-cell/CL0002071) (CSI: 5.38). Its presence in progenitor populations like [transit amplifying cells](/details-cell/CL0009011) and [intestinal crypt stem cells](/details-cell/CL0009017) suggests its function is established early in the differentiation of the intestinal epithelium. The broader significance in [epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) (CSI: 6.58) and [brush cells of the tracheobronchial tree](/details-cell/CL0002075) (CSI: 5.07) reinforces its critical role in maintaining airway surface liquid hydration. Notably, its expression in [interneurons](/details-cell/CL0000099) (CSI: 3.27) suggests a potential, though less characterized, role in neuronal function. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) are centered on its role as a regulated channel and transporter. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its involvement in `[Chloride transmembrane transport](/details-go/GO:1902476)` and `[Bicarbonate transport](/details-go/GO:0015701)`, activities fundamental to its physiological role. As an ABC transporter, it possesses `[ATP binding](/details-go/GO:0005524)` and `[ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity](/details-go/GO:0042626)`. These functions are executed primarily at the `[Apical plasma membrane](/details-go/GO:0016324)` of epithelial cells. Reactome pathways situate [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) within the broader context of membrane dynamics and disease. Its function is categorized under `[Transport of small molecules](/details-reactome/R-HSA-382551)`, and its clinical relevance is highlighted by the pathway `[Defective cftr causes cystic fibrosis](/details-reactome/R-HSA-5678895)`. The proper localization and function of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) are tightly regulated by complex cellular machinery, as indicated by its involvement in `[Vesicle-mediated transport](/details-reactome/R-HSA-5653656)` and `[Clathrin-mediated endocytosis](/details-reactome/R-HSA-8856828)`. Furthermore, pathways like `[Rho gtpases regulate cftr trafficking](/details-reactome/R-HSA-5627083)` demonstrate that its cell surface expression is dynamically controlled by intracellular signaling cascades. The protein's life cycle is also linked to quality control mechanisms such as `[Autophagy](/details-reactome/R-HSA-9612973)` and protein modification systems like `[Deubiquitination](/details-reactome/R-HSA-5688426)`, which are critical for clearing misfolded protein variants. ## Research Directions The highly specific expression pattern of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) provides a clear basis for understanding the organ-specific pathology of cystic fibrosis. Research into the cell-type-specific functions and regulation of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) continues to be a major focus for developing more effective therapies. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. The exceptionally high CSI score of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) in [pulmonary ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0017000) relative to other lung epithelial cells suggests that these rare cells are the principal drivers of airway surface liquid hydration. We hypothesize that loss of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) function specifically within [pulmonary ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0017000) is the primary initiating event for the mucus dehydration and clearance defects that underlie cystic fibrosis lung disease. 2. Given its high significance in both [pancreatic ductal cells](/details-cell/CL0002079) and [cholangiocytes](/details-cell/CL1000488), [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) may act as a master regulator of ductal secretion in the hepato-pancreato-biliary system. We hypothesize that [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) coordinates the activity of other ion exchangers to control the volume and bicarbonate concentration of secretions, and that its dysfunction leads to a common mechanism of ductal obstruction and inflammation in both CF-related pancreatitis and liver disease. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis regarding the role of [pulmonary ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0017000), a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated. By crossing a mouse line carrying a floxed *Cftr* allele with a line expressing Cre recombinase under an ionocyte-specific promoter (e.g., *Foxi1*), one could achieve targeted deletion of [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) exclusively in [pulmonary ionocytes](/details-cell/CL0017000). The resulting phenotype could be assessed using measures relevant to CF lung disease, such as nasal potential difference, tracheal mucus velocity, and susceptibility to bacterial lung infections. Comparing these mice to global *Cftr* knockout models would elucidate the specific contribution of ionocytes to the disease pathophysiology. **Therapeutic Potential:** [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) is a landmark example of a successful therapeutic target for a monogenic disease. The therapeutic strategy is not inhibition but **activation or correction** of the mutant protein. A class of drugs known as CFTR modulators, which includes "correctors" that improve protein folding and trafficking to the cell surface and "potentiators" that increase channel opening probability, have revolutionized the treatment of cystic fibrosis. These drugs represent a highly successful application of precision medicine, as the choice of modulator is dependent on the patient's specific [CFTR](/details-gene/1080) mutation. Future therapies may involve gene therapy to deliver a functional copy of the gene to relevant epithelial cells, offering a potential cure for all CF patients regardless of their mutation type.

Genular Protein ID: 2052440746

Symbol: CFTR_HUMAN

Name: ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 7

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2475911

Title: Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA.

PubMed ID: 2475911

DOI: 10.1126/science.2475911

PubMed ID: 1710598

Title: Genomic DNA sequence of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.

PubMed ID: 1710598

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90503-7

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 12690205

Title: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.

PubMed ID: 12690205

DOI: 10.1126/science.1083423

PubMed ID: 1377674

Title: Phosphorylation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 1377674

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42339-3

PubMed ID: 7518437

Title: Mapping of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator membrane topology by glycosylation site insertion.

PubMed ID: 7518437

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)32347-5

PubMed ID: 9385646

Title: Evidence for phosphorylation of serine 753 in CFTR using a novel metal-ion affinity resin and matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 9385646

DOI: 10.1002/pro.5560061117

PubMed ID: 10766763

Title: Splicing factors induce cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator exon 9 skipping through a nonevolutionary conserved intronic element.

PubMed ID: 10766763

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m910165199

PubMed ID: 10792060

Title: A functional R domain from cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator is predominantly unstructured in solution.

PubMed ID: 10792060

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.100588797

PubMed ID: 11524016

Title: A monomer is the minimum functional unit required for channel and ATPase activity of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 11524016

DOI: 10.1021/bi0108195

PubMed ID: 11707463

Title: A Golgi-associated PDZ domain protein modulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator plasma membrane expression.

PubMed ID: 11707463

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110177200

PubMed ID: 12403779

Title: The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator interacts with and regulates the activity of the HCO3- salvage transporter human Na+-HCO3-cotransport isoform 3.

PubMed ID: 12403779

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m201862200

PubMed ID: 12519745

Title: Physiological modulation of CFTR activity by AMP-activated protein kinase in polarized T84 cells.

PubMed ID: 12519745

DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00227.2002

PubMed ID: 12727866

Title: CFTR directly mediates nucleotide-regulated glutathione flux.

PubMed ID: 12727866

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg194

PubMed ID: 15010471

Title: Dynamic control of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl(-)/HCO3(-) selectivity by external Cl(-).

PubMed ID: 15010471

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m313323200

PubMed ID: 15247260

Title: Myosin VI regulates endocytosis of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 15247260

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403141200

PubMed ID: 1378801

Title: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and the etiology and pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 1378801

DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.6.10.1378801

PubMed ID: 12913074

Title: Characterization of disease-associated mutations affecting an exonic splicing enhancer and two cryptic splice sites in exon 13 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene.

PubMed ID: 12913074

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg215

PubMed ID: 12588899

Title: Phosphorylation of protein kinase C sites in NBD1 and the R domain control CFTR channel activation by PKA.

PubMed ID: 12588899

DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.035790

PubMed ID: 14668433

Title: Abnormal surface liquid pH regulation by cultured cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelium.

PubMed ID: 14668433

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2634339100

PubMed ID: 15284228

Title: A heteromeric complex of the two nucleotide binding domains of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mediates ATPase activity.

PubMed ID: 15284228

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407666200

PubMed ID: 16645176

Title: Ion and fluid transport properties of small airways in cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 16645176

DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200506-987oc

PubMed ID: 17036051

Title: In vivo phosphorylation of CFTR promotes formation of a nucleotide-binding domain heterodimer.

PubMed ID: 17036051

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601373

PubMed ID: 17462998

Title: Myosin Vb is required for trafficking of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in Rab11a-specific apical recycling endosomes in polarized human airway epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 17462998

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m608531200

PubMed ID: 17434346

Title: CFTR stabilizes ENaC at the plasma membrane.

PubMed ID: 17434346

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2007.03.001

PubMed ID: 17660831

Title: CFTR regulatory region interacts with NBD1 predominantly via multiple transient helices.

PubMed ID: 17660831

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb1278

PubMed ID: 19398555

Title: The deubiquitinating enzyme USP10 regulates the post-endocytic sorting of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in airway epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 19398555

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.001685

PubMed ID: 19019741

Title: Mechanism of direct bicarbonate transport by the CFTR anion channel.

PubMed ID: 19019741

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2008.10.004

PubMed ID: 19621064

Title: CFTR delivery to 25% of surface epithelial cells restores normal rates of mucus transport to human cystic fibrosis airway epithelium.

PubMed ID: 19621064

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000155

PubMed ID: 20933420

Title: Cse1l is a negative regulator of CFTR-dependent fluid secretion.

PubMed ID: 20933420

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.09.012

PubMed ID: 20008117

Title: Modulation of endocytic trafficking and apical stability of CFTR in primary human airway epithelial cultures.

PubMed ID: 20008117

DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00016.2009

PubMed ID: 19923167

Title: CFTR is essential for sperm fertilizing capacity and is correlated with sperm quality in humans.

PubMed ID: 19923167

DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep406

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 22178883

Title: CFTR and TMEM16A are separate but functionally related Cl-channels.

PubMed ID: 22178883

DOI: 10.1159/000335765

PubMed ID: 22207244

Title: Epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) are uniformly distributed on motile cilia in the oviduct and the respiratory airways.

PubMed ID: 22207244

DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0904-1

PubMed ID: 22121115

Title: The testis anion transporter TAT1 (SLC26A8) physically and functionally interacts with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel: a potential role during sperm capacitation.

PubMed ID: 22121115

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr558

PubMed ID: 22119790

Title: Purification of CFTR for mass spectrometry analysis: identification of palmitoylation and other post-translational modifications.

PubMed ID: 22119790

DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzr054

PubMed ID: 24019521

Title: RNF185 is a novel E3 ligase of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) that targets cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR).

PubMed ID: 24019521

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.470500

PubMed ID: 23818989

Title: Ubiquitination and degradation of CFTR by the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH2 through its association with adaptor proteins CAL and STX6.

PubMed ID: 23818989

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068001

PubMed ID: 25330774

Title: The major cystic fibrosis causing mutation exhibits defective propensity for phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 25330774

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400218

PubMed ID: 26627831

Title: Channel gating regulation by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) first cytosolic loop.

PubMed ID: 26627831

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.704809

PubMed ID: 26823428

Title: Airway acidification initiates host defense abnormalities in cystic fibrosis mice.

PubMed ID: 26823428

DOI: 10.1126/science.aad5589

PubMed ID: 27941075

Title: deltabetagamma-ENaC is inhibited by CFTR but stimulated by cAMP in Xenopus laevis oocytes.

PubMed ID: 27941075

DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00375.2016

PubMed ID: 28130590

Title: Expression of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and CFTR in the human epidermis and epidermal appendages.

PubMed ID: 28130590

DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1535-3

PubMed ID: 27714810

Title: Essential role of CFTR in PKA-dependent phosphorylation, alkalinization, and hyperpolarization during human sperm capacitation.

PubMed ID: 27714810

DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25634

PubMed ID: 9517543

Title: A model for the nucleotide-binding domains of ABC transporters based on the large domain of aspartate aminotransferase.

PubMed ID: 9517543

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0134(19980215)30:3<275::aid-prot7>3.3.co;2-l

PubMed ID: 11304524

Title: Structural basis of the Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor PDZ1 interaction with the carboxyl-terminal region of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 11304524

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c100154200

PubMed ID: 16331976

Title: Association of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator with CAL: structural features and molecular dynamics.

PubMed ID: 16331976

DOI: 10.1021/bi0516475

PubMed ID: 15528182

Title: Impact of the deltaF508 mutation in first nucleotide-binding domain of human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator on domain folding and structure.

PubMed ID: 15528182

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m410968200

PubMed ID: 19944699

Title: Structure and dynamics of NBD1 from CFTR characterized using crystallography and hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 19944699

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.11.051

PubMed ID: 20150177

Title: Structures of a minimal human CFTR first nucleotide-binding domain as a monomer, head-to-tail homodimer, and pathogenic mutant.

PubMed ID: 20150177

DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzq004

PubMed ID: 21931164

Title: The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR): three-dimensional structure and localization of a channel gate.

PubMed ID: 21931164

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.292268

PubMed ID: 26444971

Title: Binding screen for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator correctors finds new chemical matter and yields insights into cystic fibrosis therapeutic strategy.

PubMed ID: 26444971

DOI: 10.1002/pro.2821

PubMed ID: 1284534

Title: Mutations and sequence variations detected in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene: a report from the Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium.

PubMed ID: 1284534

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380010304

PubMed ID: 1699669

Title: Defective intracellular transport and processing of CFTR is the molecular basis of most cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 1699669

DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90148-8

PubMed ID: 1695717

Title: A cluster of cystic fibrosis mutations in the first nucleotide-binding fold of the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator protein.

PubMed ID: 1695717

DOI: 10.1038/346366a0

PubMed ID: 2236053

Title: Identification of mutations in regions corresponding to the two putative nucleotide (ATP)-binding folds of the cystic fibrosis gene.

PubMed ID: 2236053

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8447

PubMed ID: 1710600

Title: Detection of three rare frameshift mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene in an African-American (CF444delA), an Italian (CF2522insC), and a Soviet (CF3821delT).

PubMed ID: 1710600

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90510-l

PubMed ID: 1712898

Title: Maturation and function of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator variants bearing mutations in putative nucleotide-binding domains 1 and 2.

PubMed ID: 1712898

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.11.8.3886-3893.1991

PubMed ID: 1379210

Title: Molecular characterization of cystic fibrosis: 16 novel mutations identified by analysis of the whole cystic fibrosis conductance transmembrane regulator (CFTR) coding regions and splice site junctions.

PubMed ID: 1379210

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90152-i

PubMed ID: 1284466

Title: Three novel mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene detected by chemical cleavage: analysis of variant splicing and a nonsense mutation.

PubMed ID: 1284466

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.1.11

PubMed ID: 1284468

Title: A new missense mutation (R1283M) in exon 20 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene.

PubMed ID: 1284468

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.2.123

PubMed ID: 1284530

Title: A serine to proline substitution (S1255P) in the second nucleotide binding fold of the cystic fibrosis gene.

PubMed ID: 1284530

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.6.441

PubMed ID: 1284529

Title: Detection of novel and rare mutations in exon 4 of the cystic fibrosis gene by SSCP.

PubMed ID: 1284529

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.6.439

PubMed ID: 1284548

Title: Mislocalization of delta F508 CFTR in cystic fibrosis sweat gland.

PubMed ID: 1284548

DOI: 10.1038/ng0892-321

PubMed ID: 7680525

Title: Identification of the M1101K mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and complete detection of cystic fibrosis mutations in the Hutterite population.

PubMed ID: 7680525

PubMed ID: 7683628

Title: Identification of eight novel mutations in a collaborative analysis of a part of the second transmembrane domain of the CFTR gene.

PubMed ID: 7683628

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1183

PubMed ID: 7508414

Title: Detection of 98.5% of the mutations in 200 Belgian cystic fibrosis alleles by reverse dot-blot and sequencing of the complete coding region and exon/intron junctions of the CFTR gene.

PubMed ID: 7508414

DOI: 10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80376-3

PubMed ID: 8406518

Title: Identification of three novel cystic fibrosis mutations in a sample of Italian cystic fibrosis patients.

PubMed ID: 8406518

DOI: 10.1159/000154147

PubMed ID: 7683954

Title: A new missense mutation (E92K) in the first transmembrane domain of the CFTR gene causes a benign cystic fibrosis phenotype.

PubMed ID: 7683954

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.1.79

PubMed ID: 7505694

Title: Identification of a new missense mutation (P205S) in the first transmembrane domain of the CFTR gene associated with a mild cystic fibrosis phenotype.

PubMed ID: 7505694

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.10.1741

PubMed ID: 7504969

Title: Screening of 62 mutations in a cohort of cystic fibrosis patients from north eastern Italy: their incidence and clinical features of defined genotypes.

PubMed ID: 7504969

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380020511

PubMed ID: 7522211

Title: Identification of eight mutations and three sequence variations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.

PubMed ID: 7522211

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1994.1290

PubMed ID: 7505767

Title: Exon 9 of the CFTR gene: splice site haplotypes and cystic fibrosis mutations.

PubMed ID: 7505767

DOI: 10.1007/bf00218916

PubMed ID: 7513296

Title: Novel cystic fibrosis mutation associated with mild disease in Cypriot patients.

PubMed ID: 7513296

DOI: 10.1007/bf00202817

PubMed ID: 7525450

Title: Detection of more than 50 different CFTR mutations in a large group of German cystic fibrosis patients.

PubMed ID: 7525450

DOI: 10.1007/bf00211022

PubMed ID: 7520022

Title: A new missense mutation G1249E in exon 20 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.

PubMed ID: 7520022

DOI: 10.1159/000154223

PubMed ID: 7524913

Title: Identification of two new mutations (711 +3A-->G and V1397E) in CF chromosomes of Albanian and Macedonian origin.

PubMed ID: 7524913

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/3.6.999

PubMed ID: 7524909

Title: A novel cystic fibrosis mutation, Y109C, in the first transmembrane domain of CFTR.

PubMed ID: 7524909

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/3.6.1001

PubMed ID: 7517264

Title: Analysis of the CFTR gene in the Spanish population: SSCP-screening for 60 known mutations and identification of four new mutations (Q30X, A120T, 1812-1 G-->A, and 3667del4).

PubMed ID: 7517264

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380030308

PubMed ID: 8081395

Title: A missense mutation (F87L) in exon 3 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene.

PubMed ID: 8081395

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380030412

PubMed ID: 7529962

Title: Is congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens a primary form of cystic fibrosis? Analyses of the CFTR gene in 67 patients.

PubMed ID: 7529962

PubMed ID: 7539342

Title: Structural analysis of CFTR gene in congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens.

PubMed ID: 7539342

PubMed ID: 7606851

Title: Mild cystic fibrosis disease in three Mexican delta-F508/G551S compound heterozygous siblings.

PubMed ID: 7606851

DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1995.tb03931.x

PubMed ID: 7544319

Title: Search for mutations in pancreatic sufficient cystic fibrosis Italian patients: detection of 90% of molecular defects and identification of three novel mutations.

PubMed ID: 7544319

DOI: 10.1007/bf00210414

PubMed ID: 8522333

Title: Four adult patients with the missense mutation L206W and a mild cystic fibrosis phenotype.

PubMed ID: 8522333

DOI: 10.1007/bf00210305

PubMed ID: 7537150

Title: Identification of six mutations (R31L, 441delA, 681delC, 1461ins4, W1089R, E1104X) in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.

PubMed ID: 7537150

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380050106

PubMed ID: 7541273

Title: Complete screening of mutations in the coding sequence of the CFTR gene in a sample of CF patients from Russia: identification of three novel alleles.

PubMed ID: 7541273

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380050304

PubMed ID: 7581407

Title: Novel missense mutation in the first transmembrane segment of the CFTR gene (Q98R) identified in a male adult.

PubMed ID: 7581407

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380060216

PubMed ID: 7543567

Title: A specific cystic fibrosis mutation (T338I) associated with the phenotype of isolated hypotonic dehydration.

PubMed ID: 7543567

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(95)70310-1

PubMed ID: 7541510

Title: Identification of six novel CFTR mutations in a sample of Italian cystic fibrosis patients.

PubMed ID: 7541510

DOI: 10.1016/s0890-8508(95)80038-7

PubMed ID: 8800923

Title: Distribution of CFTR mutations in cystic fibrosis patients of Tunisian origin: identification of two novel mutations.

PubMed ID: 8800923

DOI: 10.1159/000472165

PubMed ID: 8829633

Title: Novel missense mutation (G314R) in a cystic fibrosis patient with hepatic failure.

PubMed ID: 8829633

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1996)7:2<151::aid-humu10>3.0.co;2-1

PubMed ID: 8723693

Title: A novel mutation in exon 12 (Y569C) of the CFTR gene identified in a patient of Croatian origin.

PubMed ID: 8723693

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380070402

PubMed ID: 8723695

Title: Identification of three novel mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in Argentinian CF patients.

PubMed ID: 8723695

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1996)7:4<376::aid-humu18>3.0.co;2-#

PubMed ID: 8956039

Title: Mutation characterization of CFTR gene in 206 Northern Irish CF families: thirty mutations, including two novel, account for approximately 94% of CF chromosomes.

PubMed ID: 8956039

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1996)8:4<340::aid-humu7>3.0.co;2-b

PubMed ID: 8910473

Title: ATPase activity of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 8910473

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.45.28463

PubMed ID: 9067761

Title: Identification of two mutations (S50Y and 4173delC) in the CFTR gene from patients with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD).

PubMed ID: 9067761

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)9:2<183::aid-humu13>3.0.co;2-z

PubMed ID: 9101301

Title: Identification of four novel mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene: E664X, 2113delA, 306delTAGA, and delta M1140.

PubMed ID: 9101301

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)9:4<368::aid-humu13>3.0.co;2-0

PubMed ID: 9222768

Title: Novel mutation (A141D) in exon 4 of the CFTR gene identified in an Algerian patient.

PubMed ID: 9222768

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)10:1<86::aid-humu15>3.0.co;2-w

PubMed ID: 9375855

Title: Missense mutation R1066C in the second transmembrane domain of CFTR causes a severe cystic fibrosis phenotype: study of 19 heterozygous and 2 homozygous patients.

PubMed ID: 9375855

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)10:5<387::aid-humu9>3.0.co;2-c

PubMed ID: 9401006

Title: Cystic fibrosis mutation frequencies in upstate New York.

PubMed ID: 9401006

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)10:6<436::aid-humu4>3.0.co;2-b

PubMed ID: 9443874

Title: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator mutations among African Americans.

PubMed ID: 9443874

DOI: 10.1086/301681

PubMed ID: 9804160

Title: Characterization of mutations located in exon 18 of the CFTR gene.

PubMed ID: 9804160

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01042-4

PubMed ID: 9521595

Title: Analysis of the CFTR gene in Turkish cystic fibrosis patients: identification of three novel mutations (3172delAC, P1013L and M1028I).

PubMed ID: 9521595

DOI: 10.1007/s004390050683

PubMed ID: 9921909

Title: Complete mutational screening of the CFTR gene in 120 patients with pulmonary disease.

PubMed ID: 9921909

DOI: 10.1007/s004390050897

PubMed ID: 9736778

Title: Characterization of 19 disease-associated missense mutations in the regulatory domain of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 9736778

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.11.1761

PubMed ID: 9482579

Title: Detection of five novel mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene in Pakistani patients with cystic fibrosis: Y569D, Q98X, 296+12(T>C), 1161delC and 621+2(T>C).

PubMed ID: 9482579

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1998)11:2<152::aid-humu8>3.0.co;2-l

PubMed ID: 9554753

Title: Identification of a novel mutation (S13F) in the CFTR gene in a CF patient of Sardinian origin.

PubMed ID: 9554753

PubMed ID: 9452048

Title: Identification of three novel mutations in the CFTR gene, R117P, deltaD192, and 3121+1G-->A in four French patients.

PubMed ID: 9452048

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380110127

PubMed ID: 9452054

Title: Paternal origin of a de novo novel CFTR mutation (L1065R) causing cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 9452054

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380110133

PubMed ID: 9452073

Title: A 2-amino acid insertion mutation (1243insACAAAA) in exon 7 of the CFTR gene.

PubMed ID: 9452073

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380110152

PubMed ID: 10651488

Title: A novel missense mutation D513G in exon 10 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene identified in a French CBAVD patient.

PubMed ID: 10651488

PubMed ID: 9507391

Title: P67L: a cystic fibrosis allele with mild effects found at high frequency in the Scottish population.

PubMed ID: 9507391

DOI: 10.1136/jmg.35.2.122

PubMed ID: 10066035

Title: Analysis of infertile brothers with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens for mutations in the CFTR gene.

PubMed ID: 10066035

DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.1999.550112.x

PubMed ID: 10094564

Title: Identification of a D579G homozygote cystic fibrosis patient with pancreatic sufficiency and minor lung involvement.

PubMed ID: 10094564

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1999)13:2<173::aid-humu20>3.0.co;2-3

PubMed ID: 10869121

Title: Is the spectrum of mutations in Indian patients with cystic fibrosis different?

PubMed ID: 10869121

DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20000717)93:2<161::aid-ajmg15>3.0.co;2-l

PubMed ID: 10923036

Title: Spectrum of CFTR mutations in cystic fibrosis and in congenital absence of the vas deferens in France.

PubMed ID: 10923036

DOI: 10.1002/1098-1004(200008)16:2<143::aid-humu7>3.0.co;2-j

PubMed ID: 11242048

Title: Aberrant CFTR-dependent HCO3- transport in mutations associated with cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 11242048

DOI: 10.1038/35065099

PubMed ID: 12394343

Title: The I148T CFTR allele occurs on multiple haplotypes: a complex allele is associated with cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 12394343

DOI: 10.1097/00125817-200209000-00001

PubMed ID: 12167682

Title: Variant cystic fibrosis phenotypes in the absence of CFTR mutations.

PubMed ID: 12167682

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa011899

PubMed ID: 12529365

Title: A mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator generates a novel internalization sequence and enhances endocytic rates.

PubMed ID: 12529365

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212843200

PubMed ID: 15716351

Title: Characterization of wild-type and deltaF508 cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator in human respiratory epithelia.

PubMed ID: 15716351

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-11-1010

PubMed ID: 17098864

Title: Revertant mutants G550E and 4RK rescue cystic fibrosis mutants in the first nucleotide-binding domain of CFTR by different mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 17098864

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608312103

PubMed ID: 16822950

Title: Abnormal regulatory interactions of I148T-CFTR and the epithelial Na+ channel in Xenopus oocytes.

PubMed ID: 16822950

DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00088.2006

PubMed ID: 17182731

Title: Regulatory interactions of N1303K-CFTR and ENaC in Xenopus oocytes: evidence that chloride transport is not necessary for inhibition of ENaC.

PubMed ID: 17182731

DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00064.2006

PubMed ID: 17329263

Title: Detection of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene rearrangements enriches the mutation spectrum in congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and impacts on genetic counselling.

PubMed ID: 17329263

DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dem024

PubMed ID: 18987736

Title: DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome.

PubMed ID: 18987736

DOI: 10.1038/nature07485

PubMed ID: 20691141

Title: Clinical hallmarks and genetic polymorphisms in the CFTR gene contribute to the disclosure of the A1006E mutation.

PubMed ID: 20691141

DOI: 10.25011/cim.v33i4.14226

PubMed ID: 21884936

Title: Rescue of DeltaF508-CFTR trafficking via a GRASP-dependent unconventional secretion pathway.

PubMed ID: 21884936

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.021

PubMed ID: 27241308

Title: Rattlesnake phospholipase A2 increases CFTR-chloride channel current and corrects DelF508CFTR dysfunction: impact in cystic fibrosis.

PubMed ID: 27241308

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.05.016

PubMed ID: 26846474

Title: On the mechanism of gating defects caused by the R117H mutation in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

PubMed ID: 26846474

DOI: 10.1113/jp271723

PubMed ID: 28001373

Title: Direct measurement of trafficking of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator to the cell surface and binding to a chemical chaperone.

PubMed ID: 28001373

DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00853

PubMed ID: 28087700

Title: Two small molecules restore stability to a sub-population of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator with the predominant disease-causing mutation.

PubMed ID: 28087700

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.751537

PubMed ID: 28067262

Title: Sec16A is critical for both conventional and unconventional secretion of CFTR.

PubMed ID: 28067262

DOI: 10.1038/srep39887

PubMed ID: 32026723

Title: Genotype patterns for mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene: a retrospective descriptive study from Saudi Arabia.

PubMed ID: 32026723

DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2020.15

PubMed ID: 33572515

Title: Current Status of Genetic Diagnosis Laboratories and Frequency of Genetic Variants Associated with Cystic Fibrosis through a Newborn-Screening Program in Turkey.

PubMed ID: 33572515

DOI: 10.3390/genes12020206

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1480
  • Mass: 168142
  • Checksum: 8D082AA2E768C065
  • Sequence:
  • MQRSPLEKAS VVSKLFFSWT RPILRKGYRQ RLELSDIYQI PSVDSADNLS EKLEREWDRE 
    LASKKNPKLI NALRRCFFWR FMFYGIFLYL GEVTKAVQPL LLGRIIASYD PDNKEERSIA 
    IYLGIGLCLL FIVRTLLLHP AIFGLHHIGM QMRIAMFSLI YKKTLKLSSR VLDKISIGQL 
    VSLLSNNLNK FDEGLALAHF VWIAPLQVAL LMGLIWELLQ ASAFCGLGFL IVLALFQAGL 
    GRMMMKYRDQ RAGKISERLV ITSEMIENIQ SVKAYCWEEA MEKMIENLRQ TELKLTRKAA 
    YVRYFNSSAF FFSGFFVVFL SVLPYALIKG IILRKIFTTI SFCIVLRMAV TRQFPWAVQT 
    WYDSLGAINK IQDFLQKQEY KTLEYNLTTT EVVMENVTAF WEEGFGELFE KAKQNNNNRK 
    TSNGDDSLFF SNFSLLGTPV LKDINFKIER GQLLAVAGST GAGKTSLLMV IMGELEPSEG 
    KIKHSGRISF CSQFSWIMPG TIKENIIFGV SYDEYRYRSV IKACQLEEDI SKFAEKDNIV 
    LGEGGITLSG GQRARISLAR AVYKDADLYL LDSPFGYLDV LTEKEIFESC VCKLMANKTR 
    ILVTSKMEHL KKADKILILH EGSSYFYGTF SELQNLQPDF SSKLMGCDSF DQFSAERRNS 
    ILTETLHRFS LEGDAPVSWT ETKKQSFKQT GEFGEKRKNS ILNPINSIRK FSIVQKTPLQ 
    MNGIEEDSDE PLERRLSLVP DSEQGEAILP RISVISTGPT LQARRRQSVL NLMTHSVNQG 
    QNIHRKTTAS TRKVSLAPQA NLTELDIYSR RLSQETGLEI SEEINEEDLK ECFFDDMESI 
    PAVTTWNTYL RYITVHKSLI FVLIWCLVIF LAEVAASLVV LWLLGNTPLQ DKGNSTHSRN 
    NSYAVIITST SSYYVFYIYV GVADTLLAMG FFRGLPLVHT LITVSKILHH KMLHSVLQAP 
    MSTLNTLKAG GILNRFSKDI AILDDLLPLT IFDFIQLLLI VIGAIAVVAV LQPYIFVATV 
    PVIVAFIMLR AYFLQTSQQL KQLESEGRSP IFTHLVTSLK GLWTLRAFGR QPYFETLFHK 
    ALNLHTANWF LYLSTLRWFQ MRIEMIFVIF FIAVTFISIL TTGEGEGRVG IILTLAMNIM 
    STLQWAVNSS IDVDSLMRSV SRVFKFIDMP TEGKPTKSTK PYKNGQLSKV MIIENSHVKK 
    DDIWPSGGQM TVKDLTAKYT EGGNAILENI SFSISPGQRV GLLGRTGSGK STLLSAFLRL 
    LNTEGEIQID GVSWDSITLQ QWRKAFGVIP QKVFIFSGTF RKNLDPYEQW SDQEIWKVAD 
    EVGLRSVIEQ FPGKLDFVLV DGGCVLSHGH KQLMCLARSV LSKAKILLLD EPSAHLDPVT 
    YQIIRRTLKQ AFADCTVILC EHRIEAMLEC QQFLVIEENK VRQYDSIQKL LNERSLFRQA 
    ISPSDRVKLF PHRNSSKCKS KPQIAALKEE TEEEVQDTRL