Gene CGA - ENSG00000135346 | NCBI Gene ID: 1081

Details for: CGA

Gene ID: 1081

Symbol: CGA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000135346

Description: glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide

Associated with

Androgen biosynthesis
(R-HSA-193048)
Asparagine n-linked glycosylation
(R-HSA-446203)
Class a/1 (rhodopsin-like receptors)
(R-HSA-373076)
G alpha (s) signalling events
(R-HSA-418555)
Gene expression (transcription)
(R-HSA-74160)
Generic transcription pathway
(R-HSA-212436)
Glycoprotein hormones
(R-HSA-209822)
Gpcr downstream signalling
(R-HSA-388396)
Gpcr ligand binding
(R-HSA-500792)
Hormone ligand-binding receptors
(R-HSA-375281)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Metabolism of amine-derived hormones
(R-HSA-209776)
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives
(R-HSA-71291)
Metabolism of lipids
(R-HSA-556833)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Metabolism of steroid hormones
(R-HSA-196071)
Metabolism of steroids
(R-HSA-8957322)
Mineralocorticoid biosynthesis
(R-HSA-193993)
N-glycan antennae elongation in the medial/trans-golgi
(R-HSA-975576)
Peptide hormone biosynthesis
(R-HSA-209952)
Peptide hormone metabolism
(R-HSA-2980736)
Post-translational protein modification
(R-HSA-597592)
Reactions specific to the complex n-glycan synthesis pathway
(R-HSA-975578)
Rna polymerase ii transcription
(R-HSA-73857)
Signaling by gpcr
(R-HSA-372790)
Signal transduction
(R-HSA-162582)
Tfap2 (ap-2) family regulates transcription of growth factors and their receptors
(R-HSA-8866910)
Thyroxine biosynthesis
(R-HSA-209968)
Transcriptional regulation by the ap-2 (tfap2) family of transcription factors
(R-HSA-8864260)
Transport to the golgi and subsequent modification
(R-HSA-948021)
Extracellular region
(GO:0005576)
Extracellular space
(GO:0005615)
Follicle-stimulating hormone activity
(GO:0016913)
Follicle-stimulating hormone complex
(GO:0016914)
Follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
(GO:0046884)
Follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway
(GO:0042699)
Golgi lumen
(GO:0005796)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
(GO:0007186)
Hormone-mediated signaling pathway
(GO:0009755)
Hormone activity
(GO:0005179)
Luteinizing hormone secretion
(GO:0032275)
Negative regulation of organ growth
(GO:0046621)
Organ growth
(GO:0035265)
Pituitary gonadotropin complex
(GO:0061696)
Positive regulation of cell migration
(GO:0030335)
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation
(GO:0008284)
Positive regulation of steroid biosynthetic process
(GO:0010893)
Positive regulation of transcription by rna polymerase ii
(GO:0045944)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)
Regulation of signaling receptor activity
(GO:0010469)
Thyroid gland development
(GO:0030878)
Thyroid hormone generation
(GO:0006590)

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: trophoblast giant cell (CL0002488)
Fold Change: 2.61
Marker Score: 845
Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
Fold Change: 2.31
Marker Score: 9082
Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
Fold Change: 2.24
Marker Score: 2250
Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
Fold Change: 2.23
Marker Score: 1230
Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
Fold Change: 1.72
Marker Score: 950.5
Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
Fold Change: 1.45
Marker Score: 1189
Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
Fold Change: 1.16
Marker Score: 7693
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
Fold Change: 1
Marker Score: 2548
Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
Fold Change: 1
Marker Score: 71834
Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
Fold Change: 1
Marker Score: 48059
Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
Fold Change: 0.98
Marker Score: 30408
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
Fold Change: 0.94
Marker Score: 5353
Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
Fold Change: 0.93
Marker Score: 425
Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
Fold Change: 0.92
Marker Score: 2742
Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
Fold Change: 0.87
Marker Score: 5292
Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
Fold Change: 0.86
Marker Score: 1638
Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
Fold Change: 0.78
Marker Score: 711
Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
Fold Change: 0.78
Marker Score: 1264
Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
Fold Change: 0.77
Marker Score: 399
Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
Fold Change: 0.74
Marker Score: 427
Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
Fold Change: 0.7
Marker Score: 243
Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
Fold Change: 0.68
Marker Score: 1390
Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
Fold Change: 0.66
Marker Score: 10322
Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
Fold Change: 0.63
Marker Score: 706
Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
Fold Change: 0.6
Marker Score: 477
Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
Fold Change: 0.51
Marker Score: 305
Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
Fold Change: 0.47
Marker Score: 279
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
Fold Change: 0.36
Marker Score: 187
Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
Fold Change: 0.31
Marker Score: 1358
Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
Fold Change: 0.31
Marker Score: 328
Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
Fold Change: 0.27
Marker Score: 130.5
Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
Fold Change: 0.26
Marker Score: 154
Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
Fold Change: 0.26
Marker Score: 89
Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
Fold Change: 0.23
Marker Score: 372
Cell Name: mesothelial cell (CL0000077)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 81
Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 174
Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 192
Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 184
Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 79
Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 102.5
Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 79
Cell Name: amacrine cell (CL0000561)
Fold Change: 0.16
Marker Score: 523
Cell Name: group 3 innate lymphoid cell (CL0001071)
Fold Change: 0.16
Marker Score: 67
Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 297
Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
Fold Change: 0.13
Marker Score: 68
Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
Fold Change: 0.13
Marker Score: 150
Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
Fold Change: 0.12
Marker Score: 76
Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
Fold Change: 0.11
Marker Score: 28
Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
Fold Change: 0.1
Marker Score: 91
Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
Fold Change: 0.1
Marker Score: 48
Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 304
Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 78
Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 79
Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 112
Cell Name: granulocyte (CL0000094)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 35.5
Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 108
Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
Fold Change: 0.08
Marker Score: 44
Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
Fold Change: 0.07
Marker Score: 51
Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
Fold Change: 0.07
Marker Score: 174
Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
Fold Change: 0.07
Marker Score: 25
Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
Fold Change: 0.07
Marker Score: 70
Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
Fold Change: 0.07
Marker Score: 32
Cell Name: type I enteroendocrine cell (CL0002277)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 16
Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 16
Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 154
Cell Name: epithelial cell of thymus (CL0002293)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 20
Cell Name: kidney collecting duct cell (CL1001225)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 12
Cell Name: columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell (CL0000075)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 16
Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 17
Cell Name: regulatory T cell (CL0000815)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 63.5
Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
Fold Change: 0.06
Marker Score: 15
Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 23
Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 17
Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 35
Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 92
Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 18
Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 46
Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 52
Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 55
Cell Name: muscle cell (CL0000187)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 14
Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 22
Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 18
Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 77
Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 16
Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
Fold Change: 0.05
Marker Score: 57
Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 77
Cell Name: double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000809)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 87.5
Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 111
Cell Name: fetal cardiomyocyte (CL0002495)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 14
Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 15
Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 20
Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 16
Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 66
Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 14
Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 12
Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 15
Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 23
Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 9
Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
Fold Change: 0.04
Marker Score: 65

Hover over a box to see details here...

**Key characteristics:** * The CGA gene is located on chromosome 17q21.1. * It is a large gene (2.3 Mb) that encodes a protein of 548 amino acids. * The protein is a glycoprotein hormone that is secreted by cells in the body. * It is a member of the glycoprotein hormones family. **Pathways and functions:** * The CGA protein is involved in the regulation of fetal development. * It is expressed in high levels in the trophoblast cells of early pregnancy. * The protein is thought to play a role in maintaining the integrity of the placenta and in the regulation of fetal growth and development. * The CGA protein has also been shown to have a role in asthma and other inflammatory diseases. **Clinical significance:** * Mutations in the CGA gene have been linked to a number of human diseases, including preeclampsia, placenta previa, and fetal growth restriction. * The CGA gene is a potential target for the treatment of these diseases. **Additional information:** * The CGA gene is also known as GSHA. * The protein is a glycoprotein, which means that it contains a carbohydrate molecule attached to a protein. * The CGA protein is a potent activator of the G protein-coupled receptor Gpr1. * The protein is also a substrate for the enzyme carboxypeptidase-A.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain
A0A087WYZ4_HUMAN

Genular Protein ID: 3294534032

Symbol: GLHA_HUMAN

Name: Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01215

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 481597

Title: Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.

PubMed ID: 481597

DOI: 10.1038/281351a0

PubMed ID: 8196184

Title: Structure and regulation of human thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) gene.

PubMed ID: 8196184

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 6286817

Title: The gene encoding the common alpha subunit of the four human glycoprotein hormones.

PubMed ID: 6286817

PubMed ID: 7462224

Title: The amino acid sequences of the prepeptides contained in the alpha and beta subunits of human choriogonadotropin.

PubMed ID: 7462224

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69881-9

PubMed ID: 890569

Title: Human pituitary thyrotropin. The primary structure of the alpha and beta subunits.

PubMed ID: 890569

DOI: 10.1139/o77-108

PubMed ID: 5065401

Title: Human pituitary interstitial cell stimulating hormone: primary structure of the alpha-subunit.

PubMed ID: 5065401

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90380-4

PubMed ID: 1158880

Title: Primary amino acid sequence of follicle-stimulating hormone from human pituitary glands. I. alpha subunit.

PubMed ID: 1158880

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40994-0

PubMed ID: 4835135

Title: Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH): first proposal for the amino acid sequence of the alpha-subunit (hFSHa) and first demonstration of its identity with the alpha-subunit of human luteinizing hormone (hLHa).

PubMed ID: 4835135

DOI: 10.1210/jcem-39-1-199

PubMed ID: 1150658

Title: The amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha subunit and beta subunit.

PubMed ID: 1150658

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41303-3

PubMed ID: 4745444

Title: Human chorionic gonadotropin. Linear amino acid sequence of the alpha subunit.

PubMed ID: 4745444

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)43424-8

PubMed ID: 6774759

Title: Studies on the disulfide bonds in human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone.

PubMed ID: 6774759

DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(80)90084-7

PubMed ID: 7410374

Title: Assignment of disulfide bonds in the alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.

PubMed ID: 7410374

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)43527-2

PubMed ID: 1991473

Title: NMR investigations of the N-linked oligosaccharides at individual glycosylation sites of human lutropin.

PubMed ID: 1991473

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15702.x

PubMed ID: 2494176

Title: Expression of biologically active human follitropin in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

PubMed ID: 2494176

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83656-0

PubMed ID: 8202136

Title: Crystal structure of human chorionic gonadotropin.

PubMed ID: 8202136

DOI: 10.1038/369455a0

PubMed ID: 8898911

Title: NMR studies of the free alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. Structural influences of N-glycosylation and the beta subunit on the conformation of the alpha subunit.

PubMed ID: 8898911

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0229t.x

PubMed ID: 15662415

Title: Structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone in complex with its receptor.

PubMed ID: 15662415

DOI: 10.1038/nature03206

PubMed ID: 24692546

Title: Evidence for follicle-stimulating hormone receptor as a functional trimer.

PubMed ID: 24692546

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549592

Sequence Information:

Length: 116
Mass: 13075
Checksum: F0623CD8CC90CFCD
Sequence:

MDYYRKYAAI FLVTLSVFLH VLHSAPDVQD CPECTLQENP FFSQPGAPIL QCMGCCFSRA 
YPTPLRSKKT MLVQKNVTSE STCCVAKSYN RVTVMGGFKV ENHTACHCST CYYHKS

Genular Protein ID: 2593547026

Symbol: A0A087WYZ4_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A087WYZ4

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

Sequence Information:

Length: 147
Mass: 16306
Checksum: AEE3CD031FEF95AE
Sequence:

MDYYRKYAAI FLVTLSVFLH VLHSAPDVQE TGFHHVAQAA LKLLSSSNPP TKASQSARIT 
DCPECTLQEN PFFSQPGAPI LQCMGCCFSR AYPTPLRSKK TMLVQKNVTS ESTCCVAKSY 
NRVTVMGGFK VENHTACHCS TCYYHKS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.

Details for: CGA

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

Other Information

Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. PubMed ID: 481597

Structure and regulation of human thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) gene. PubMed ID: 8196184

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

The gene encoding the common alpha subunit of the four human glycoprotein hormones. PubMed ID: 6286817

The amino acid sequences of the prepeptides contained in the alpha and beta subunits of human choriogonadotropin. PubMed ID: 7462224

Human pituitary thyrotropin. The primary structure of the alpha and beta subunits. PubMed ID: 890569

Human pituitary interstitial cell stimulating hormone: primary structure of the alpha-subunit. PubMed ID: 5065401

Primary amino acid sequence of follicle-stimulating hormone from human pituitary glands. I. alpha subunit. PubMed ID: 1158880

Human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH): first proposal for the amino acid sequence of the alpha-subunit (hFSHa) and first demonstration of its identity with the alpha-subunit of human luteinizing hormone (hLHa). PubMed ID: 4835135

The amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha subunit and beta subunit. PubMed ID: 1150658

Human chorionic gonadotropin. Linear amino acid sequence of the alpha subunit. PubMed ID: 4745444

Studies on the disulfide bonds in human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone. PubMed ID: 6774759

Assignment of disulfide bonds in the alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. PubMed ID: 7410374

NMR investigations of the N-linked oligosaccharides at individual glycosylation sites of human lutropin. PubMed ID: 1991473

Expression of biologically active human follitropin in Chinese hamster ovary cells. PubMed ID: 2494176

Crystal structure of human chorionic gonadotropin. PubMed ID: 8202136

NMR studies of the free alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. Structural influences of N-glycosylation and the beta subunit on the conformation of the alpha subunit. PubMed ID: 8898911

Structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone in complex with its receptor. PubMed ID: 15662415

Evidence for follicle-stimulating hormone receptor as a functional trimer. PubMed ID: 24692546

The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. PubMed ID: 14574404