Details for: AKR1C4

Gene ID: 1109

Symbol: AKR1C4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198610

Description: aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 3667
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Marker Score: 1176
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 1509
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 9190
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 6995
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 750
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 2596
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Marker Score: 861
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 5414
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Marker Score: 2560
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 7655
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4818.5
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 508
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 443
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 514
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 467
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30409
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 1662
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2413
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5352
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 331
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2743
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 533.5
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 5356
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 345.5
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 489
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1269
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 712
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 467
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 753
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 445
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 642
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 8809
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 177
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.4
    Marker Score: 150
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.36
    Marker Score: 137.5
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.35
    Marker Score: 830
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.34
    Marker Score: 164
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 0.3
    Marker Score: 321
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 434
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 82.5
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 108
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 185.5
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 190
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 120
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 38
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 43
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 60
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 109.5
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: supporting cell (CL0000630)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 193
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 78.5
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 94
  • Cell Name: mucosal invariant T cell (CL0000940)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 83
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 238.5
  • Cell Name: intestine goblet cell (CL0019031)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 82
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000003)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 264
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 98.5
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 38
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 465
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 333.5
  • Cell Name: lung goblet cell (CL1000143)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 51
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: type D enteroendocrine cell (CL0000502)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 99
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 16
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: type I enteroendocrine cell (CL0002277)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 15
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 92
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: GIP cell (CL0002278)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: 0.06
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 17
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 14
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell (CL0002250)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 19.5
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 56
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 138
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: 0.05
    Marker Score: 631

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - AKR1C4 is a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa. - It is a transmembrane protein that is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum. - It is a key enzyme in the metabolism of bile acids and bile salts. - It is involved in the synthesis and degradation of bile acids and bile salts, and in the regulation of cholesterol and fat metabolism. **Pathways and functions:** - AKR1C4 is involved in the regulation of bile acid and bile salt metabolism. - It is a key enzyme in the synthesis of cholic acid, which is a major bile acid. - It is also involved in the degradation of other bile acids, such as chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid. - AKR1C4 is also involved in the metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A and vitamin E. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the AKR1C4 gene have been linked to a number of human diseases, including cholestatic liver disease, gallstones, and bile duct stones. - These diseases are caused by mutations that disrupt the function of the AKR1C4 protein. - As a result of these mutations, the body is unable to synthesize and degrade bile acids and bile salts properly, leading to the accumulation of these compounds in the body. - This can lead to a number of health problems, including liver damage, inflammation, and cancer. **Conclusion:** The AKR1C4 gene is an important protein involved in bile acid and bile salt metabolism. Mutations in this gene have been linked to a number of human diseases, highlighting the importance of this protein in maintaining liver health.

Genular Protein ID: 3201480692

Symbol: AK1C4_HUMAN

Name: Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P17516 Q5T6A3 Q8WW84 Q9NS54

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 86 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 7 DrugCentral 1 EC 10 EMBL 8 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 29 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 1 PIR 2 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 1 Rhea 34 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 2 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8274401

Title: Molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding human enzymes structurally related to 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

PubMed ID: 8274401

DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(93)90308-j

PubMed ID: 7650035

Title: Substrate specificity, gene structure, and tissue-specific distribution of multiple human 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases.

PubMed ID: 7650035

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.34.20162

PubMed ID: 7626489

Title: Distribution of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat brain and molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding structurally related proteins in humans.

PubMed ID: 7626489

DOI: 10.1016/0960-0760(95)00019-v

PubMed ID: 10634139

Title: Characterization of a novel variant (S145C/L311V) of 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase in human liver.

PubMed ID: 10634139

PubMed ID: 10672042

Title: Close kinship of human 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene with three aldo-keto reductase genes.

PubMed ID: 10672042

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00310.x

PubMed ID: 11158055

Title: Human types 1 and 3 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: differential lability and tissue distribution.

PubMed ID: 11158055

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.2.7216

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2187532

Title: Isolation and characterization of cloned cDNAs encoding human liver chlordecone reductase.

PubMed ID: 2187532

DOI: 10.1021/bi00456a034

PubMed ID: 8172617

Title: Molecular cloning of two human liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoenzymes that are identical with chlordecone reductase and bile-acid binder.

PubMed ID: 8172617

DOI: 10.1042/bj2990545

PubMed ID: 1530633

Title: Human hepatic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: possible identity with human hepatic chlordecone reductase.

PubMed ID: 1530633

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(92)91260-w

PubMed ID: 2427522

Title: Purification and characterization of chlordecone reductase from human liver.

PubMed ID: 2427522

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)67136-4

PubMed ID: 10998348

Title: Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: functional plasticity and tissue distribution reveals roles in the inactivation and formation of male and female sex hormones.

PubMed ID: 10998348

DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3510067

PubMed ID: 14672942

Title: Human cytosolic 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily display significant 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity: implications for steroid hormone metabolism and action.

PubMed ID: 14672942

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m313308200

PubMed ID: 19218247

Title: Human cytosolic hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of the aldo-ketoreductase superfamily catalyze reduction of conjugated steroids: implications for phase I and phase II steroid hormone metabolism.

PubMed ID: 19218247

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m809465200

PubMed ID: 21802064

Title: Why boys will be boys: two pathways of fetal testicular androgen biosynthesis are needed for male sexual differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21802064

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.06.009

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 323
  • Mass: 37067
  • Checksum: E728CE4B420E8C58
  • Sequence:
    • MDPKYQRVEL NDGHFMPVLG FGTYAPPEVP RNRAVEVTKL AIEAGFRHID SAYLYNNEEQ 
VGLAIRSKIA DGSVKREDIF YTSKLWCTFF QPQMVQPALE SSLKKLQLDY VDLYLLHFPM 
ALKPGETPLP KDENGKVIFD TVDLSATWEV MEKCKDAGLA KSIGVSNFNC RQLEMILNKP 
GLKYKPVCNQ VECHPYLNQS KLLDFCKSKD IVLVAHSALG TQRHKLWVDP NSPVLLEDPV 
LCALAKKHKQ TPALIALRYQ LQRGVVVLAK SYNEQRIREN IQVFEFQLTS EDMKVLDGLN 
RNYRYVVMDF LMDHPDYPFS DEY

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.