Details for: CHI3L1

Gene ID: 1116

Symbol: CHI3L1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133048

Description: chitinase 3 like 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 41.6362
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9200
  • Cell Name: sebaceous gland cell (CL2000021)
    Fold Change: 30.1434
    Cell Significance Index: 39.0000
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 17.9420
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 1.4396
    Cell Significance Index: 33.2600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 1.0571
    Cell Significance Index: 136.5700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.7045
    Cell Significance Index: 447.4000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.5622
    Cell Significance Index: 26.4300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.5595
    Cell Significance Index: 81.3300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.5332
    Cell Significance Index: 235.7500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.5061
    Cell Significance Index: 35.7900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.4931
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 0.4326
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.4054
    Cell Significance Index: 306.8800
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.3960
    Cell Significance Index: 6.6700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.2364
    Cell Significance Index: 46.9200
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.2139
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3100
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.1612
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0389
    Cell Significance Index: 24.2900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3300
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0343
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0266
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0107
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: -32.0800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0196
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0198
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0238
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0264
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0337
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0406
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5800
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0529
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0611
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0618
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0934
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1092
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1169
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1325
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1386
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1493
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1514
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1856
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1899
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2468
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2760
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5600
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2864
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.3148
    Cell Significance Index: -24.1600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3407
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3716
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3752
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4186
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3700
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.4258
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0500
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.4276
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8600
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.4283
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.4482
    Cell Significance Index: -25.1500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4559
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0700
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.4603
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.4707
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.4816
    Cell Significance Index: -25.0200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.5195
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.5224
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3000
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.5298
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: -0.5414
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5507
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.5690
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.6011
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.6076
    Cell Significance Index: -23.0100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.6088
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.6092
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.6374
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.6540
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4300
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.6648
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4200
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.6773
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.7212
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5800
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.7276
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3700
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.7357
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5200
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.7369
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4900
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.7435
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.7615
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9400
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.7898
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.7983
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.8037
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.8283
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1600
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.8298
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7000
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.8333
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.8501
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.8787
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: -0.8874
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3400
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.9337
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.9416
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6700
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: -0.9434
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.9455
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9000
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.9659
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1500
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.9840
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2600
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.9947
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8600
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.9952
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CHI3L1 exhibits several distinct characteristics that set it apart from other chitinases. Its unique structure, consisting of a chitin-binding domain, a catalytic domain, and a lectin-like domain, allows it to bind to chitin, regulate its activity, and interact with other proteins. The protein's glycosylation pattern, which includes sialic acid and galactose residues, contributes to its stability and biological activity. CHI3L1's expression is regulated by various transcription factors, including NF-κB and AP-1, which modulate its production in response to inflammatory stimuli. **Pathways and Functions** CHI3L1's involvement in different biological pathways highlights its complex role in the body. Some of its key functions include: 1. **Inflammation and Immune Response**: CHI3L1 is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, and contributes to the regulation of immune responses, including neutrophil degranulation and production of IL-8. 2. **Cellular Response to Mechanical Stimuli**: CHI3L1 is upregulated in response to mechanical stress, suggesting its involvement in tissue development and repair. 3. **Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth**: CHI3L1 promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth by regulating the activity of pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF. 4. **Cartilage Development and Maintenance**: CHI3L1 plays a role in cartilage development and maintenance, as it is expressed in chondrocytes and affects their function. 5. **Lung Development and Repair**: CHI3L1 is involved in lung development and repair, as it is expressed in lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts. **Clinical Significance** CHI3L1's expression and activity have been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer**: Elevated CHI3L1 levels are associated with poor prognosis in various cancers, including lung, breast, and colon cancer. 2. **Inflammatory Disorders**: CHI3L1 is increased in inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. 3. **Pulmonary Fibrosis**: CHI3L1 is overexpressed in pulmonary fibrosis, a condition characterized by scarring of lung tissue. 4. **Neurological Disorders**: CHI3L1 is involved in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, CHI3L1 is a multifunctional protein that plays a significant role in various biological processes, including inflammation, immune response, and tissue development. Its expression and activity have been implicated in various diseases, making it a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying CHI3L1's functions and its role in disease pathogenesis.

Genular Protein ID: 518039285

Symbol: CH3L1_HUMAN

Name: Chitinase-3-like protein 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P36222 B2R7B0 P30923 Q8IVA4 Q96HI7

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CAZy 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 12 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 28 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 5 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 12 PDBsum 12 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniLectin 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8245017

Title: Human cartilage gp-39, a major secretory product of articular chondrocytes and synovial cells, is a mammalian member of a chitinase protein family.

PubMed ID: 8245017

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74461-5

PubMed ID: 9244440

Title: Molecular characterization of the gene for human cartilage gp-39 (CHI3L1), a member of the chitinase protein family and marker for late stages of macrophage differentiation.

PubMed ID: 9244440

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4778

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2375755

Title: Human synovial cells secrete a 39 kDa protein similar to a bovine mammary protein expressed during the non-lactating period.

PubMed ID: 2375755

DOI: 10.1042/bj2690265

PubMed ID: 9492324

Title: Chitotriosidase, a chitinase, and the 39-kDa human cartilage glycoprotein, a chitin-binding lectin, are homologues of family 18 glycosyl hydrolases secreted by human macrophages.

PubMed ID: 9492324

DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2510504.x

PubMed ID: 16472595

Title: Chitinase 3-like-1 exacerbates intestinal inflammation by enhancing bacterial adhesion and invasion in colonic epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 16472595

DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.12.007

PubMed ID: 17160890

Title: Functional variants in the promoter region of Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) and susceptibility to schizophrenia.

PubMed ID: 17160890

DOI: 10.1086/510438

PubMed ID: 19414556

Title: Role of breast regression protein 39 (BRP-39)/chitinase 3-like-1 in Th2 and IL-13-induced tissue responses and apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 19414556

DOI: 10.1084/jem.20081271

PubMed ID: 20558631

Title: The chitinase-like proteins breast regression protein-39 and YKL-40 regulate hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury.

PubMed ID: 20558631

DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1793oc

PubMed ID: 20051317

Title: The chitinase 3-like 1 gene and schizophrenia: evidence from a multi-center case-control study and meta-analysis.

PubMed ID: 20051317

DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.002

PubMed ID: 12775711

Title: Structure and ligand-induced conformational change of the 39-kDa glycoprotein from human articular chondrocytes.

PubMed ID: 12775711

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m303371200

PubMed ID: 12851408

Title: Crystal structure and carbohydrate-binding properties of the human cartilage glycoprotein-39.

PubMed ID: 12851408

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m303137200

PubMed ID: 18403759

Title: Effect of variation in CHI3L1 on serum YKL-40 level, risk of asthma, and lung function.

PubMed ID: 18403759

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0708801

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 383
  • Mass: 42625
  • Checksum: 6C9EF133BDC7C2D1
  • Sequence:
    • MGVKASQTGF VVLVLLQCCS AYKLVCYYTS WSQYREGDGS CFPDALDRFL CTHIIYSFAN 
ISNDHIDTWE WNDVTLYGML NTLKNRNPNL KTLLSVGGWN FGSQRFSKIA SNTQSRRTFI 
KSVPPFLRTH GFDGLDLAWL YPGRRDKQHF TTLIKEMKAE FIKEAQPGKK QLLLSAALSA 
GKVTIDSSYD IAKISQHLDF ISIMTYDFHG AWRGTTGHHS PLFRGQEDAS PDRFSNTDYA 
VGYMLRLGAP ASKLVMGIPT FGRSFTLASS ETGVGAPISG PGIPGRFTKE AGTLAYYEIC 
DFLRGATVHR ILGQQVPYAT KGNQWVGYDD QESVKSKVQY LKDRQLAGAM VWALDLDDFQ 
GSFCGQDLRF PLTNAIKDAL AAT

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.