Details for: PRR4

Gene ID: 11272

Symbol: PRR4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000111215

Description: proline rich 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 6.21
    Marker Score: 6,500
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: 3.98
    Marker Score: 5,722
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 3.5
    Marker Score: 7,979
  • Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 912
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 2.53
    Marker Score: 1,059
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 2.47
    Marker Score: 2,419
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial serous cell (CL0019001)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 851
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 2.23
    Marker Score: 2,210
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 962
  • Cell Name: T-helper 17 cell (CL0000899)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Marker Score: 1,373
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 2.08
    Marker Score: 660
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell (CL0000313)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Marker Score: 783
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Marker Score: 516
  • Cell Name: lung secretory cell (CL1000272)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 1,580
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 745
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 13,398
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 499
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Marker Score: 1,499
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 1,278
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 843
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell precursor (CL0002362)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Marker Score: 668
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 480
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 4,788
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Marker Score: 953
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 2,625
  • Cell Name: enteric neuron (CL0007011)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Marker Score: 573
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 494
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,799
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48,023
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,407
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 502
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 456
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,410
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 363
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 323
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 693
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 369
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 5,238
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2,731
  • Cell Name: brainstem motor neuron (CL2000047)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 526
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 322
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,291
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 271
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 199
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 1,948
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 315
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 993
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 948
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 252
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,268
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 2,185
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 419
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 575
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 580
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 391
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 671
  • Cell Name: neural crest cell (CL0011012)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 776
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 279
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell (CL0019019)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 203
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 176
  • Cell Name: CNS interneuron (CL0000402)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 322
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 2,715
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 593
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 147
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 1,238
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 810
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 728
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 6,541
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 385
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 363
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 443
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 362
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 929
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 301
  • Cell Name: nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000494)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 126
  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cell (CL4028003)
    Fold Change: 0.52
    Marker Score: 753
  • Cell Name: starburst amacrine cell (CL0004232)
    Fold Change: 0.52
    Marker Score: 147
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 252
  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cell (CL4028002)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 1,285
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 17,414
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 1,966
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell (CL0002250)
    Fold Change: 0.49
    Marker Score: 186
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 0.49
    Marker Score: 1,796
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.48
    Marker Score: 252
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of glomerular capsule (CL1000450)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 118
  • Cell Name: intraepithelial lymphocyte (CL0002496)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 514
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 193
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of Cajal (CL0002088)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 157
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 479
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 459
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 116
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 3,864
  • Cell Name: naive T cell (CL0000898)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 282
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 306
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 212
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 159
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 245
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial cell (CL1000500)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 301
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic precursor cell (CL0008001)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 148
  • Cell Name: NKp46-positive innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001076)
    Fold Change: 0.41
    Marker Score: 1,183

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PRR4 is a proline-rich protein, characterized by its high content of proline residues, which confer unique structural and functional properties. This protein is predominantly expressed in cells of the immune system, including thymocytes, T-helper 17 cells, and interneurons. Its expression is also observed in various non-immune cells, such as respiratory basal cells, acinar cells of the salivary gland, and pancreatic cells. **Pathways and Functions:** PRR4 is involved in multiple cellular pathways, including: 1. **Cell signaling:** PRR4 interacts with various signaling molecules, such as growth factors and cytokines, to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. 2. **Immune function:** PRR4 is expressed on the surface of immune cells, where it plays a role in the recognition and response to pathogens. 3. **Neurotransmission:** PRR4 is expressed in the retina and brain, where it may participate in the regulation of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. 4. **Tissue development:** PRR4 is involved in the development and maintenance of various tissues, including the pancreas, salivary gland, and respiratory system. **Clinical Significance:** The dysregulation of PRR4 has been implicated in several diseases, including: 1. **Autoimmune disorders:** Alterations in PRR4 expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. 2. **Cancer:** PRR4 overexpression has been observed in various types of cancer, including pancreatic, breast, and lung cancer. 3. **Neurological disorders:** PRR4 mutations have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Respiratory diseases:** PRR4 expression is altered in respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In conclusion, PRR4 is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including immune function, cell signaling, and tissue development. Its dysregulation has been implicated in several diseases, highlighting the potential of PRR4 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune, cancerous, and neurological disorders. **Future Directions:** Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of PRR4 in various diseases and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target. This includes: 1. **Investigating PRR4 expression and function in different disease models:** To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying PRR4's role in disease. 2. **Developing PRR4-targeting therapies:** To explore the therapeutic potential of PRR4 inhibition or modulation in various diseases. 3. **Elucidating PRR4's interactions with other proteins:** To gain a deeper understanding of PRR4's role in cellular signaling and immune function. By advancing our knowledge of PRR4, we can uncover new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of diseases and improve the lives of patients affected by these disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 1456417768

Symbol: PROL4_HUMAN

Name: Proline-rich protein 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q16378 A8KA69 F5H0D7 Q8NFB3

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 11 EPD 1 Ensembl 6 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 SAM 1 SMART 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7544782

Title: A major human lacrimal gland mRNA encodes a new proline-rich protein family member.

PubMed ID: 7544782

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 25946035

Title: Human basal tear peptidome characterization by CID, HCD, and ETD followed by in silico and in vitro analyses for antimicrobial peptide identification.

PubMed ID: 25946035

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00179

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 134
  • Mass: 15097
  • Checksum: 57BB0DCA10938CC8
  • Sequence:
    • MLLVLLSVVL LALSSAQSTD NDVNYEDFTF TIPDVEDSSQ RPDQGPQRPP PEGLLPRPPG 
DSGNQDDGPQ QRPPKPGGHH RHPPPPPFQN QQRPPRRGHR QLSLPRFPSV SLQEASSFFQ 
RDRPARHPQE QPLW

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.