Details for: KLHL2

Gene ID: 11275

Symbol: KLHL2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000109466

Description: kelch like family member 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: 2.61
    Marker Score: 7,444
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 2,421
  • Cell Name: pyramidal neuron (CL0000598)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 3,128
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 17,199
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 17,273
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 110,163
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Marker Score: 14,993
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 6,641
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Marker Score: 934
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 2,295
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 168,397
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 5,535
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Marker Score: 14,489
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Marker Score: 1,010
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 1,892
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 2,994
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 2,343
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 43,334
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 7,081
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Marker Score: 1,171
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Marker Score: 340
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 4,567
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 937
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 38,953
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 22,499
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 354
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,749
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 47,974
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 2,221
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 1,050
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,405
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 487
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 442
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 14,842
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 294
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2,721
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 4,862
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 6,820
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 1,023
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 5,010
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,295
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 985
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 312
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 1,480
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 1,954
  • Cell Name: mature microglial cell (CL0002629)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 297
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 421
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 3,317
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 545
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 599
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 387
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,106
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 313
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 3,259
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 884
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1,485
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1,247
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 2,971
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 204
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 3,399
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002324)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 3,608
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 379
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 272
  • Cell Name: lung goblet cell (CL1000143)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 206
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 14,197
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 11,098
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 462
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 629
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 588
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 337
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 685
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 172
  • Cell Name: papillary tips cell (CL1000597)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 135
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 1,603
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 4,308
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 383
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 381
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 230
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 16,193
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 237
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 661
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 1,145
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.62
    Marker Score: 230
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.62
    Marker Score: 423
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.62
    Marker Score: 216
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 0.62
    Marker Score: 9,201
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 2,528
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 175
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 0.6
    Marker Score: 1,481
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 288
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 2,472
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 689
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 941
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 19,511
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.58
    Marker Score: 234
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 344
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 1,415
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 134
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 499

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** KLHL2 is a member of the kelch-like family of proteins, characterized by its unique domain structure, which facilitates its interactions with other proteins and substrates. This gene is primarily expressed in neurons and immune cells, suggesting its involvement in neural and immune system functions. KLHL2 is a RING finger ubiquitin ligase, which enables it to recognize and modify specific proteins through ubiquitination. **Pathways and Functions:** KLHL2 is involved in multiple signaling pathways, including: 1. **Adaptive Immune System:** KLHL2 regulates the ubiquitination and degradation of proteins involved in immune response, such as those involved in antigen processing and presentation. 2. **Actin Cytoskeleton:** KLHL2 interacts with actin-binding proteins, influencing cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration. 3. **Protein Binding:** KLHL2 recognizes and binds to specific proteins, modulating their activity and localization. 4. **Neddylation:** KLHL2 is involved in the neddylation pathway, a post-translational modification that regulates protein activity and stability. KLHL2's functions can be summarized as follows: * Regulates protein ubiquitination and degradation * Modulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics * Interacts with proteins involved in immune response and signaling * Involves in neddylation and post-translational protein modification **Clinical Significance:** KLHL2 has been implicated in various disease states, including: 1. **Neurological Disorders:** KLHL2 mutations have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 2. **Immune System Dysregulation:** KLHL2 dysfunction has been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 3. **Cancer:** KLHL2 has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene, with its expression altered in various types of cancer. In conclusion, KLHL2 is a multifaceted protein that plays a critical role in regulating immune response, cellular signaling, and protein modification. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various disease states, highlighting the importance of further research into the mechanisms of KLHL2 and its potential therapeutic applications.

Genular Protein ID: 303898499

Symbol: KLHL2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10397770

Title: Characterization of Mayven, a novel actin-binding protein predominantly expressed in brain.

PubMed ID: 10397770

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.7.2361

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15383316

Title: hDKIR, a human homologue of the Drosophila kelch protein, involved in a ring-like structure.

PubMed ID: 15383316

DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.06.023

PubMed ID: 15715669

Title: Process elongation of oligodendrocytes is promoted by the Kelch-related actin-binding protein Mayven.

PubMed ID: 15715669

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02946.x

PubMed ID: 23838290

Title: KLHL2 interacts with and ubiquitinates WNK kinases.

PubMed ID: 23838290

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.06.104

PubMed ID: 23349464

Title: Structural basis for Cul3 assembly with the BTB-Kelch family of E3 ubiquitin ligases.

PubMed ID: 23349464

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.437996

PubMed ID: 24641320

Title: Structural and biochemical characterization of the KLHL3-WNK kinase interaction important in blood pressure regulation.

PubMed ID: 24641320

DOI: 10.1042/bj20140153

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 593
  • Mass: 65975
  • Checksum: 397AE02E69E56A18
  • Sequence:
  • METPPLPPAC TKQGHQKPLD SKDDNTEKHC PVTVNPWHMK KAFKVMNELR SQNLLCDVTI 
    VAEDMEISAH RVVLAACSPY FHAMFTGEMS ESRAKRVRIK EVDGWTLRML IDYVYTAEIQ 
    VTEENVQVLL PAAGLLQLQD VKKTCCEFLE SQLHPVNCLG IRAFADMHAC TDLLNKANTY 
    AEQHFADVVL SEEFLNLGIE QVCSLISSDK LTISSEEKVF EAVIAWVNHD KDVRQEFMAR 
    LMEHVRLPLL PREYLVQRVE EEALVKNSSA CKDYLIEAMK YHLLPTEQRI LMKSVRTRLR 
    TPMNLPKLMV VVGGQAPKAI RSVECYDFKE ERWHQVAELP SRRCRAGMVY MAGLVFAVGG 
    FNGSLRVRTV DSYDPVKDQW TSVANMRDRR STLGAAVLNG LLYAVGGFDG STGLSSVEAY 
    NIKSNEWFHV APMNTRRSSV GVGVVGGLLY AVGGYDGASR QCLSTVECYN ATTNEWTYIA 
    EMSTRRSGAG VGVLNNLLYA VGGHDGPLVR KSVEVYDPTT NAWRQVADMN MCRRNAGVCA 
    VNGLLYVVGG DDGSCNLASV EYYNPTTDKW TVVSSCMSTG RSYAGVTVID KPL

Genular Protein ID: 1003489269

Symbol: B4DFZ5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 427
  • Mass: 47209
  • Checksum: 03115FAF2293BB42
  • Sequence:
  • MHACTDLLNK ANTYAEQHFA DVVLSEEFLN LGIEQVCSLI SSDKLTISSE EKVFEAVIAW 
    VNHDKDVRQE FMARLMEHVR LPLLPREYLV QRVEEEALVK NSSACKDYLI EAMKYHLLPT 
    EQRILMKSVR TRLRTPMNLP KLMVVVGGQA PKAIRSVECY DFKEERWHQV AELPSRRCRA 
    GMVYMAGLVF AVGGFNGSLR VRTVDSYDPV KDQWTSVANM RDRRSTLGAA VLNGLLYAVG 
    GFDGSTGLSS VEAYNIKSNE WFHVAPMNTR RSSVGVGVVG GLLYAVGGYD GASRQCLSTV 
    ECYNATTNEW TYIAEMSTRR SGAGVGVLNN LLYAVGGHDG PLVRKSVEVY DPTTNAWRQV 
    ADMNMCRRNA GVCAVNGLLY VVGGDDGSCN LASVEYYNPT TDKWTVVSSC MSTGRSYAGV 
    TVIDKPL

Genular Protein ID: 1197820856

Symbol: E9PEX9_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 496
  • Mass: 55194
  • Checksum: 000B50F03119AEAF
  • Sequence:
  • MSQLWQKTWK FLLIEWCWPP VVLIFMPCLQ VLLPAAGLLQ LQDVKKTCCE FLESQLHPVN 
    CLGIRAFADM HACTDLLNKA NTYAEQHFAD VVLSEEFLNL GIEQVCSLIS SDKLTISSEE 
    KVFEAVIAWV NHDKDVRQEF MARLMEHVRL PLLPREYLVQ RVEEEALVKN SSACKDYLIE 
    AMKYHLLPTE QRILMKSVRT RLRTPMNLPK LMVVVGGQAP KAIRSVECYD FKEERWHQVA 
    ELPSRRCRAG MVYMAGLVFA VGGFNGSLRV RTVDSYDPVK DQWTSVANMR DRRSTLGAAV 
    LNGLLYAVGG FDGSTGLSSV EAYNIKSNEW FHVAPMNTRR SSVGVGVVGG LLYAVGGYDG 
    ASRQCLSTVE CYNATTNEWT YIAEMSTRRS GAGVGVLNNL LYAVGGHDGP LVRKSVEVYD 
    PTTNAWRQVA DMNMCRRNAG VCAVNGLLYV VGGDDGSCNL ASVEYYNPTT DKWTVVSSCM 
    STGRSYAGVT VIDKPL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.