Details for: CHRM2

Gene ID: 1129

Symbol: CHRM2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000181072

Description: cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 5.1191
    Cell Significance Index: 392.8400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.1401
    Cell Significance Index: 767.6200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 1.9858
    Cell Significance Index: 24.6300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 1.1014
    Cell Significance Index: 761.7600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.9259
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6700
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.8781
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.8084
    Cell Significance Index: 162.1600
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023043)
    Fold Change: 0.7106
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.5746
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.5629
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: 0.5614
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2800
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 0.4539
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8500
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: 0.4418
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5900
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.1383
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4500
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 0.0824
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0452
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: 23.9000
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0083
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0098
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0164
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0168
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9500
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.0232
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0278
    Cell Significance Index: -17.3500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0279
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0399
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9200
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0508
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0641
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0658
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0690
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2600
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.0769
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0833
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.0967
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0968
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0995
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1066
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1104
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.1172
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1196
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1281
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1459
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7200
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.1547
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1605
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.1653
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1697
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6700
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.1923
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1988
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2148
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.2175
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2386
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2572
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.2614
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2754
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7700
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: -0.3130
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.3152
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2900
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3311
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3349
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.3575
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2100
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.3592
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0700
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.3612
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9400
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.3612
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.3623
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7300
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.3657
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9000
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.3675
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.3753
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7100
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.3813
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3835
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.3844
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.4034
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.4127
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8900
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.4179
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4319
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.4534
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1700
  • Cell Name: intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023008)
    Fold Change: -0.4630
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.4655
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.4883
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2200
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.5099
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9900
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.5229
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.5387
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1800
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: -0.5420
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9000
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: -0.5483
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.5521
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.5566
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8600
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.5599
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.5751
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3800
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: -0.5796
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7700
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.5802
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.5904
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.5959
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9400
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.6012
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.6168
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.6170
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2300
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.6236
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** The CHRM2 gene exhibits several key characteristics that are relevant to its function and regulation. These include: 1. **G protein-coupled receptor structure**: The M2 receptor belongs to the class A/1 G protein-coupled receptor family, which is characterized by the presence of seven transmembrane alpha-helices and a conserved extracellular N-terminal domain. 2. **Acetylcholine binding**: The M2 receptor is activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which binds to the extracellular domain of the receptor and triggers the activation of Gαi proteins. 3. **Gαi protein activation**: The activation of Gαi proteins leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase, resulting in a decrease in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. 4. **Downstream signaling pathways**: The M2 receptor activates various downstream signaling pathways, including the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. 5. **Tissue-specific expression**: The M2 receptor is widely expressed in various tissues, including the heart, smooth muscle, and nervous system. **Pathways and Functions** The CHRM2 gene encodes for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, which plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including: 1. **Cardiac regulation**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of cardiac function, contraction, and relaxation, and is a target for the treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias. 2. **Smooth muscle contraction**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and is a target for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. 3. **Neurotransmission**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of neurotransmission in the nervous system, and is a target for the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Regulation of heart contraction**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of heart contraction, and is a target for the treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias. **Clinical Significance** The CHRM2 gene has significant clinical implications, including: 1. **Heart failure treatment**: The M2 receptor is a target for the treatment of heart failure, and its inhibition has been shown to improve cardiac function and survival in patients with heart failure. 2. **Hypertension treatment**: The M2 receptor is a target for the treatment of hypertension, and its inhibition has been shown to reduce blood pressure and improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension. 3. **Alzheimer's disease treatment**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of neurotransmission in the nervous system, and its inhibition has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. 4. **Parkinson's disease treatment**: The M2 receptor is involved in the regulation of neurotransmission in the nervous system, and its inhibition has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, the CHRM2 gene encodes for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, which plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including regulation of the heart, smooth muscle contraction, and neurotransmission. The receptor is widely expressed in various tissues and is involved in the regulation of cardiac function, contraction, and relaxation. The M2 receptor is a target for the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, and its inhibition has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3053406946

Symbol: ACM2_HUMAN

Name: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3037705

Title: Identification of a family of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes.

PubMed ID: 3037705

DOI: 10.1126/science.3037705

PubMed ID: 3443095

Title: Distinct primary structures, ligand-binding properties and tissue-specific expression of four human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

PubMed ID: 3443095

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02733.x

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15014171

Title: Human-specific amino acid changes found in 103 protein-coding genes.

PubMed ID: 15014171

DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msh100

PubMed ID: 7822302

Title: Arrestin interactions with G protein-coupled receptors. Direct binding studies of wild type and mutant arrestins with rhodopsin, beta 2-adrenergic, and m2 muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

PubMed ID: 7822302

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.2.720

PubMed ID: 16548883

Title: Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of rhabdomyosarcoma cells reveal differential cellular gene expression in response to enterovirus 71 infection.

PubMed ID: 16548883

DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00644.x

PubMed ID: 15229186

Title: Evidence of common and specific genetic effects: association of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (CHRM2) gene with alcohol dependence and major depressive syndrome.

PubMed ID: 15229186

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddh194

PubMed ID: 20976005

Title: RACK1 associates with muscarinic receptors and regulates M(2) receptor trafficking.

PubMed ID: 20976005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013517

PubMed ID: 22278061

Title: Structure of the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor bound to an antagonist.

PubMed ID: 22278061

DOI: 10.1038/nature10753

PubMed ID: 24256733

Title: Activation and allosteric modulation of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

PubMed ID: 24256733

DOI: 10.1038/nature12735

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 466
  • Mass: 51715
  • Checksum: 2FC2FD7748C22BEC
  • Sequence:
  • MNNSTNSSNN SLALTSPYKT FEVVFIVLVA GSLSLVTIIG NILVMVSIKV NRHLQTVNNY 
    FLFSLACADL IIGVFSMNLY TLYTVIGYWP LGPVVCDLWL ALDYVVSNAS VMNLLIISFD 
    RYFCVTKPLT YPVKRTTKMA GMMIAAAWVL SFILWAPAIL FWQFIVGVRT VEDGECYIQF 
    FSNAAVTFGT AIAAFYLPVI IMTVLYWHIS RASKSRIKKD KKEPVANQDP VSPSLVQGRI 
    VKPNNNNMPS SDDGLEHNKI QNGKAPRDPV TENCVQGEEK ESSNDSTSVS AVASNMRDDE 
    ITQDENTVST SLGHSKDENS KQTCIRIGTK TPKSDSCTPT NTTVEVVGSS GQNGDEKQNI 
    VARKIVKMTK QPAKKKPPPS REKKVTRTIL AILLAFIITW APYNVMVLIN TFCAPCIPNT 
    VWTIGYWLCY INSTINPACY ALCNATFKKT FKHLLMCHYK NIGATR

Genular Protein ID: 3569902233

Symbol: Q6SL56_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15379890

Title: Multiple promoters drive tissue-specific expression of the human M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 15379890

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02694.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 72
  • Mass: 8269
  • Checksum: 8A833B2696817373
  • Sequence:
  • AFIITWAPYN VMVLINTFCA PCIPNTVWTI GYWLCYINST INPACYALCN ATFKKTFKHL 
    LMCHYKNIGA TR

Genular Protein ID: 2831036633

Symbol: Q86SJ1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14512373

Title: Novel polymorphisms influencing transcription of the human CHRM2 gene in airway smooth muscle.

PubMed ID: 14512373

DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2003-0011OC

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 30
  • Mass: 3262
  • Checksum: 238EDC76DE52EB1F
  • Sequence:
  • MNNSTNSSNN SLALTSPYKT FEVVFIVLVA

Genular Protein ID: 3740387020

Symbol: Q6SL59_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15379890

Title: Multiple promoters drive tissue-specific expression of the human M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 15379890

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02694.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 13
  • Mass: 1353
  • Checksum: 1B95B61EED6CA5B4
  • Sequence:
  • MNNSTNSSNN SLA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.