Details for: CLCN2

Gene ID: 1181

Symbol: CLCN2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114859

Description: chloride voltage-gated channel 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 72.7763
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 46.4432
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7800
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 10.1389
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 9.5259
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 2.9979
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.3499
    Cell Significance Index: 256.9000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.3179
    Cell Significance Index: 130.3700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.3006
    Cell Significance Index: 58.9500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.9161
    Cell Significance Index: 26.4000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.8150
    Cell Significance Index: 13.4300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.7528
    Cell Significance Index: 16.3100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.6867
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4000
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.6621
    Cell Significance Index: 39.7500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6033
    Cell Significance Index: 544.7600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5096
    Cell Significance Index: 55.4300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3773
    Cell Significance Index: 61.3600
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.3716
    Cell Significance Index: 5.0700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.3129
    Cell Significance Index: 6.4900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2781
    Cell Significance Index: 19.2400
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: 0.2231
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.2168
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1977
    Cell Significance Index: 39.6700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1892
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1256
    Cell Significance Index: 45.0500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.1253
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1037
    Cell Significance Index: 71.7300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0668
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0575
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4100
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0102
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0223
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5500
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0303
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0320
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0337
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0376
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0426
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0521
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0584
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0617
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0625
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0653
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0672
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0692
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5800
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0740
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0769
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0783
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0811
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0954
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1059
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0300
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.1096
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1122
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1137
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1138
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1168
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1338
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1367
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1400
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1463
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1509
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1553
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1779
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1809
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1889
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.2030
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.2256
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2294
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.2494
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2200
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2544
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2547
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2587
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2603
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2642
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.2796
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2798
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2856
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1500
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.2861
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.2863
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.2942
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7200
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2999
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4800
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.3026
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3088
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.3148
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Ion Channel Function:** CLCN2 is a voltage-gated chloride channel, meaning it is activated by changes in membrane voltage, allowing chloride ions to flow into or out of the cell. 2. **Widespread Expression:** CLCN2 is expressed in numerous cell types, including neuroendocrine cells, kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells, and cardiac muscle myoblasts. 3. **Tissue-Specific Functions:** CLCN2 has distinct roles in different tissues, such as regulating chloride transport in the kidneys, influencing salivary gland development, and modulating neuronal activity in the brain. 4. **Regulatory Mechanisms:** CLCN2 is subject to various regulatory mechanisms, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and interactions with other proteins, which can modulate its activity and expression. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Cell Differentiation and Development:** CLCN2 plays a crucial role in regulating cellular differentiation and development in various tissues, including the nervous system, kidneys, and salivary glands. 2. **Ion Transport:** CLCN2 facilitates chloride ion transport across cell membranes, influencing cellular homeostasis and maintaining proper ion balance. 3. **Neurotransmission:** CLCN2 modulates neuronal activity and neurotransmission by regulating chloride ion flow into or out of neurons. 4. **Cardiovascular Function:** CLCN2 influences cardiac muscle function and blood pressure regulation through its effects on chloride ion transport and cardiac ion balance. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Congenital Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (CHD):** Mutations in CLCN2 have been associated with CHD, a heart condition characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** Dysregulation of CLCN2 has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 3. **Cancer:** CLCN2 expression has been altered in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, suggesting its potential role in tumorigenesis. 4. **Respiratory Diseases:** CLCN2 dysfunction has been linked to respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In conclusion, the chloride voltage-gated channel 2 (CLCN2) is a critical regulator of cellular function and disease, with implications for various physiological processes and disease states. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which CLCN2 influences cellular homeostasis and disease development, with potential therapeutic applications for the treatment of various conditions.

Genular Protein ID: 2200447874

Symbol: CLCN2_HUMAN

Name: Chloride channel protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7795595

Title: Cloning of a putative human voltage-gated chloride channel (ClC-2) cDNA widely expressed in human tissues.

PubMed ID: 7795595

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/4.3.407

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16641997

Title: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3.

PubMed ID: 16641997

DOI: 10.1038/nature04728

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10198195

Title: Expression of CLCN voltage-gated chloride channel genes in human blood vessels.

PubMed ID: 10198195

DOI: 10.1006/jmcc.1998.0901

PubMed ID: 12612585

Title: Mutations in CLCN2 encoding a voltage-gated chloride channel are associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsies.

PubMed ID: 12612585

DOI: 10.1038/ng1121

PubMed ID: 19710717

Title:

PubMed ID: 19710717

DOI: 10.1038/ng0909-1043

PubMed ID: 16155254

Title: Basolateral localization of native ClC-2 chloride channels in absorptive intestinal epithelial cells and basolateral sorting encoded by a CBS-2 domain di-leucine motif.

PubMed ID: 16155254

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02525

PubMed ID: 17567819

Title: Leukoencephalopathy upon disruption of the chloride channel ClC-2.

PubMed ID: 17567819

DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0338-07.2007

PubMed ID: 22405205

Title: GlialCAM, a protein defective in a leukodystrophy, serves as a ClC-2 Cl(-) channel auxiliary subunit.

PubMed ID: 22405205

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.12.039

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23632988

Title: Regulation of ClC-2 gating by intracellular ATP.

PubMed ID: 23632988

DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1286-0

PubMed ID: 29403011

Title: CLCN2 chloride channel mutations in familial hyperaldosteronism type II.

PubMed ID: 29403011

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0048-5

PubMed ID: 29403012

Title: A gain-of-function mutation in the CLCN2 chloride channel gene causes primary aldosteronism.

PubMed ID: 29403012

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0053-8

PubMed ID: 38345841

Title: CryoEM structures of the human CLC-2 voltage-gated chloride channel reveal a ball-and-chain gating mechanism.

PubMed ID: 38345841

DOI: 10.7554/elife.90648

PubMed ID: 17762171

Title: Alterations in the cytoplasmic domain of CLCN2 result in altered gating kinetics.

PubMed ID: 17762171

DOI: 10.1159/000107528

PubMed ID: 19200853

Title: Clinical and genetic familial study of a large cohort of Italian children with idiopathic epilepsy.

PubMed ID: 19200853

DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.01.008

PubMed ID: 19710712

Title: CLCN2 variants in idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

PubMed ID: 19710712

DOI: 10.1038/ng0909-954

PubMed ID: 19191339

Title: Two novel CLCN2 mutations accelerating chloride channel deactivation are associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

PubMed ID: 19191339

DOI: 10.1002/humu.20876

PubMed ID: 23707145

Title: Brain white matter oedema due to ClC-2 chloride channel deficiency: an observational analytical study.

PubMed ID: 23707145

DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70053-x

PubMed ID: 36964785

Title: Biallelic CLCN2 mutations cause retinal degeneration by impairing retinal pigment epithelium phagocytosis and chloride channel function.

PubMed ID: 36964785

DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02531-7

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 898
  • Mass: 98535
  • Checksum: 5F20FA8713C0C74E
  • Sequence:
  • MAAAAAEEGM EPRALQYEQT LMYGRYTQDL GAFAKEEAAR IRLGGPEPWK GPPSSRAAPE 
    LLEYGRSRCA RCRVCSVRCH KFLVSRVGED WIFLVLLGLL MALVSWVMDY AIAACLQAQQ 
    WMSRGLNTSI LLQYLAWVTY PVVLITFSAG FTQILAPQAV GSGIPEMKTI LRGVVLKEYL 
    TLKTFIAKVI GLTCALGSGM PLGKEGPFVH IASMCAALLS KFLSLFGGIY ENESRNTEML 
    AAACAVGVGC CFAAPIGGVL FSIEVTSTFF AVRNYWRGFF AATFSAFIFR VLAVWNRDEE 
    TITALFKTRF RLDFPFDLQE LPAFAVIGIA SGFGGALFVY LNRKIVQVMR KQKTINRFLM 
    RKRLLFPALV TLLISTLTFP PGFGQFMAGQ LSQKETLVTL FDNRTWVRQG LVEELEPPST 
    SQAWNPPRAN VFLTLVIFIL MKFWMSALAT TIPVPCGAFM PVFVIGAAFG RLVGESMAAW 
    FPDGIHTDSS TYRIVPGGYA VVGAAALAGA VTHTVSTAVI VFELTGQIAH ILPVMIAVIL 
    ANAVAQSLQP SLYDSIIRIK KLPYLPELGW GRHQQYRVRV EDIMVRDVPH VALSCTFRDL 
    RLALHRTKGR MLALVESPES MILLGSIERS QVVALLGAQL SPARRRQHMQ ERRATQTSPL 
    SDQEGPPTPE ASVCFQVNTE DSAFPAARGE THKPLKPALK RGPSVTRNLG ESPTGSAESA 
    GIALRSLFCG SPPPEAASEK LESCEKRKLK RVRISLASDA DLEGEMSPEE ILEWEEQQLD 
    EPVNFSDCKI DPAPFQLVER TSLHKTHTIF SLLGVDHAYV TSIGRLIGIV TLKELRKAIE 
    GSVTAQGVKV RPPLASFRDS ATSSSDTETT EVHALWGPHS RHGLPREGSP SDSDDKCQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.