Details for: ADD2

Gene ID: 119

Symbol: ADD2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000075340

Description: adducin 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 88.9832
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5700
  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 43.7815
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8100
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 15.7994
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.6664
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 3.1380
    Cell Significance Index: 89.5500
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 3.0046
    Cell Significance Index: 65.7900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 2.5970
    Cell Significance Index: 114.8700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 2.4763
    Cell Significance Index: 93.7700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 2.3293
    Cell Significance Index: 467.2700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 2.1185
    Cell Significance Index: 36.3100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.1035
    Cell Significance Index: 754.5000
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 2.0236
    Cell Significance Index: 48.5300
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.8048
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 1.7812
    Cell Significance Index: 119.7700
  • Cell Name: midget ganglion cell of retina (CL4023188)
    Fold Change: 1.7016
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 1.4586
    Cell Significance Index: 89.6600
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: 1.2257
    Cell Significance Index: 16.3500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 1.2094
    Cell Significance Index: 836.4500
  • Cell Name: pyramidal neuron (CL0000598)
    Fold Change: 1.0747
    Cell Significance Index: 8.2400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.7877
    Cell Significance Index: 44.2000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: 0.7780
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0900
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: 0.5437
    Cell Significance Index: 6.7800
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: 0.1577
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.1356
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0783
    Cell Significance Index: 106.4900
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 0.0733
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4500
  • Cell Name: L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023042)
    Fold Change: 0.0725
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0511
    Cell Significance Index: 78.6900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 0.0462
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0900
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0316
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8900
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0321
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7600
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0379
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0408
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0409
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: -25.5600
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.0733
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0745
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0776
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0843
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0962
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0991
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1034
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1104
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1265
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1265
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6500
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.1333
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1571
    Cell Significance Index: -21.5800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1649
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.1680
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1741
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1850
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9000
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2093
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2200
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2097
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2137
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9500
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.2177
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2253
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2280
    Cell Significance Index: -17.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2312
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2385
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8300
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.2490
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2900
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6100
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.2937
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2994
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3090
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3286
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0700
  • Cell Name: intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023008)
    Fold Change: -0.3292
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3900
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: -0.3622
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.3913
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6800
  • Cell Name: chandelier cell (CL4023083)
    Fold Change: -0.4062
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2800
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: -0.4166
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.4345
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.4434
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.4516
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6900
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.4797
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.4973
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5400
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.5071
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9800
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.5657
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2800
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: -0.5789
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.6020
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.6042
    Cell Significance Index: -22.1800
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.6281
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.6295
    Cell Significance Index: -29.3500
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.6295
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.6317
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.6447
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9900
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.6620
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.6857
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.7380
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.7429
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.7613
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** Adducin 2 is a 36-kDa protein that belongs to the adducin family, which consists of three isoforms: alpha, beta, and gamma. The beta isoform, ADDB_HUMAN, is the subject of this discussion. Adducin 2 exhibits high affinity for actin filaments, facilitating the assembly and organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Its structure consists of two domains: a globular domain and a coiled-coil domain, which interact to form a dimeric complex. This dimerization activity enables adducin 2 to regulate the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, promoting cell migration, shape changes, and intracellular transport. **Pathways and Functions:** Adducin 2 is involved in several signaling pathways that regulate cellular processes, including: 1. **Actin Cytoskeleton Organization**: Adducin 2 facilitates the assembly and organization of actin filaments, which is essential for maintaining cell shape, motility, and intracellular transport. 2. **Cell Migration**: Adducin 2 has been implicated in the regulation of cell migration, which is a critical process in immune response, wound healing, and tissue development. 3. **Cytoskeleton Dynamics**: Adducin 2 regulates the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, influencing cell shape changes, intracellular transport, and cell signaling. 4. **Immune Response**: Adducin 2 has been detected in specific immune cell populations, suggesting its potential role in regulating immune cell migration, adhesion, and function. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of adducin 2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurological Disorders**: Dysregulation of adducin 2 has been linked to neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, where it may contribute to axonal damage and demyelination. 2. **Cancer**: Adducin 2 has been implicated in cancer progression, where it may contribute to tumor cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. 3. **Neurodevelopmental Disorders**: Dysregulation of adducin 2 has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, where it may contribute to neuronal migration and development abnormalities. In conclusion, adducin 2 is a critical component of the cytoskeleton, regulating actin filament assembly, cell migration, and cytoskeleton dynamics. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding its functional significance in the context of immune response and cellular homeostasis. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying adducin 2's role in disease and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting this protein.

Genular Protein ID: 2158869954

Symbol: ADDB_HUMAN

Name: Beta-adducin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1840603

Title: Primary structure and domain organization of human alpha and beta adducin.

PubMed ID: 1840603

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.115.3.665

PubMed ID: 12951058

Title: Expression analysis of the human adducin gene family and evidence of ADD2 beta4 multiple splicing variants.

PubMed ID: 12951058

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.011

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 21697133

Title: Full-length transcriptome analysis of human retina-derived cell lines ARPE-19 and Y79 using the vector-capping method.

PubMed ID: 21697133

DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-7479

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8566798

Title: Genomic organisation and chromosomal localisation of the gene encoding human beta adducin.

PubMed ID: 8566798

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00591-9

PubMed ID: 8810272

Title: Adducin regulation. Definition of the calmodulin-binding domain and sites of phosphorylation by protein kinases A and C.

PubMed ID: 8810272

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25157

PubMed ID: 18347014

Title: Dematin and adducin provide a novel link between the spectrin cytoskeleton and human erythrocyte membrane by directly interacting with glucose transporter-1.

PubMed ID: 18347014

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707818200

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 726
  • Mass: 80854
  • Checksum: B07F7303D929DBA4
  • Sequence:
  • MSEETVPEAA SPPPPQGQPY FDRFSEDDPE YMRLRNRAAD LRQDFNLMEQ KKRVTMILQS 
    PSFREELEGL IQEQMKKGNN SSNIWALRQI ADFMASTSHA VFPTSSMNVS MMTPINDLHT 
    ADSLNLAKGE RLMRCKISSV YRLLDLYGWA QLSDTYVTLR VSKEQDHFLI SPKGVSCSEV 
    TASSLIKVNI LGEVVEKGSS CFPVDTTGFC LHSAIYAARP DVRCIIHLHT PATAAVSAMK 
    WGLLPVSHNA LLVGDMAYYD FNGEMEQEAD RINLQKCLGP TCKILVLRNH GVVALGDTVE 
    EAFYKIFHLQ AACEIQVSAL SSAGGVENLI LLEQEKHRPH EVGSVQWAGS TFGPMQKSRL 
    GEHEFEALMR MLDNLGYRTG YTYRHPFVQE KTKHKSEVEI PATVTAFVFE EDGAPVPALR 
    QHAQKQQKEK TRWLNTPNTY LRVNVADEVQ RSMGSPRPKT TWMKADEVEK SSSGMPIRIE 
    NPNQFVPLYT DPQEVLEMRN KIREQNRQDV KSAGPQSQLL ASVIAEKSRS PSTESQLMSK 
    GDEDTKDDSE ETVPNPFSQL TDQELEEYKK EVERKKLELD GEKETAPEEP GSPAKSAPAS 
    PVQSPAKEAE TKSPLVSPSK SLEEGTKKTE TSKAATTEPE TTQPEGVVVN GREEEQTAEE 
    ILSKGLSQMT TSADTDVDTS KDKTESVTSG PMSPEGSPSK SPSKKKKKFR TPSFLKKSKK 
    KEKVES

Genular Protein ID: 896790978

Symbol: Q05DK5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 709
  • Mass: 78833
  • Checksum: 98E0752152DC77B6
  • Sequence:
  • MSEETVPEAA SPPPPQGQPY FDRFSEDDPE YMRLRNRAAD LRQDFNLMEQ KKRVTMILQS 
    PSFREELEGL IQEQMKKGNN SSNIWALRQI ADFMASTSHA VFPTSSMNVS MMTPINDLHT 
    ADSLNLAKGE RLMRCKISSV YRLLDLYGWA QLSDTYVTLR VSKEQDHFLI SPKGVSCSEV 
    TASSLIKVNI LGEVVEKGSS CFPVDTTGFC LHSAIYAARP DVRCIIHLHT PATAAVSAMK 
    WGLLPVSHNA LLVGDMAYYD FNGEMEQEAD RINLQKCLGP TCKILVLRNH GVVALGDTVE 
    EAFYKIFHLQ AACEIQVSAL SSAGGVENLI LLEQEKHRPH EVGSVQWAGS TFGPMQKSRL 
    GEHEFEALMR MLDNLGYRTG YTYRHPFVQE KTKHKSEVEI PATVTAFVFE EDGAPVPALR 
    QHAQKQQKEK TRWLNTPNTY LRVNVADEVQ RSMGSPRPKT TWMKADEVEK SSSGMPIRIE 
    NPNQFVPLYT DPQEVLEMRN KIREQNRQDV KSAGPQSQLL ASVIAEKSRS PSTESQLMSK 
    GDEDTKDDSE ETVPNPFSQL TDQELEEYKK EVERKKLELD GEKETAPEEP GSPAKSAPAS 
    PVQSPAKEAE TKSPLVSPSK SLEEGTKKTE TSKAATTEPE TTQPEGVVVN GREEEQTAEE 
    ILSKGLSQMT TSADTDVDTS KDKTESVTSG PMSPEGSPSK SPSKKKKKK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.