Details for: PLK3

Gene ID: 1263

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PLK3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000173846

Description: polo like kinase 3

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 14.9
    rCSI 17.23%
    PRS 65.95
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 12.73
    rCSI 12.97%
    PRS 85.19
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 11.18
    rCSI 36.25%
    PRS 72.87
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 8.62
    rCSI 11.75%
    PRS 92.72
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6.58
    rCSI 14.48%
    PRS 78.47
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 5.35
    rCSI 5.54%
    PRS 79.2
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 5.11
    rCSI 9.22%
    PRS 90.96
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 5.02
    rCSI 6.24%
    PRS 75.74
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 4.91
    rCSI 4.54%
    PRS 89.88
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 4.85
    rCSI 6.85%
    PRS 75.25
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 4.73
    rCSI 5.86%
    PRS 71.81
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 4.66
    rCSI 3.86%
    PRS 74.77
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 4.11
    rCSI 2.73%
    PRS 77.32
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 3.97
    rCSI 14.38%
    PRS 90.53
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.92
    rCSI 2.98%
    PRS 87.14
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 3.87
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 89.55
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 3.87
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 89.78
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 3.65
    rCSI 6.91%
    PRS 94.71
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 3.53
    rCSI 5.63%
    PRS 78.09
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 3.29
    rCSI 2.29%
    PRS 85.85
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 3.17
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 84.57
  • lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033039
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 8.13%
    PRS 92.32
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 92.71
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 2.03%
    PRS 87.52
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 2.79
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 77.66
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 2.79
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 89.51
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 6.25%
    PRS 87.86
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.73
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 79.53
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.69%
    PRS 68.01
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.62
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 76.9
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 1.95%
    PRS 87.05
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 1.52%
    PRS 90.03
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 1.86%
    PRS 87.69
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 72.58
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 2.31
    rCSI 2.71%
    PRS 88.68
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 76.67
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 2.85%
    PRS 84.08
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.27
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 88.45
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 4.42%
    PRS 81.79
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 91.95
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 2.97%
    PRS 79.29
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 1.61%
    PRS 80.45
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 1.88%
    PRS 72.31
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 74.15
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 1.96%
    PRS 75.02
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 86.11
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 2.07%
    PRS 71.51
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 81.49
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 1.31%
    PRS 87.58
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 1.93
    rCSI 3.64%
    PRS 87.1
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 82.63
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 82.65
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 4.34%
    PRS 79.52
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 3.75%
    PRS 71.35
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 62.83
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 77.59
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 1.71%
    PRS 66.65
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 3.36%
    PRS 85.57
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 2.21%
    PRS 70.63
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.56%
    PRS 82.86
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 1.83%
    PRS 76.89
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 2.56%
    PRS 83.47
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 2.54%
    PRS 74.65
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 1.49%
    PRS 72
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 1.51%
    PRS 75.97
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 1.55%
    PRS 73.71
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 81.99
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 73.36
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 2.33%
    PRS 87.08
  • mast cell CL0000097
    CSI 1.52
    rCSI 3.27%
    PRS 82.61
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 1.47
    rCSI 2.99%
    PRS 52.4
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.45
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 82.65
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 73.41
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 76.18
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 91.56
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 3.65%
    PRS 88.03
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 78.1
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 84.23
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 2.63%
    PRS 93.22
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 1.18%
    PRS 78.87
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 2.03%
    PRS 79.58
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.32
    rCSI 3.81%
    PRS 82.57
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.29
    rCSI 2.87%
    PRS 82.03
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 1.23
    rCSI 23.74%
    PRS 84.58
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 90.22
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 82.89
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.19
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 68.89
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 1.19
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 82.13
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.19
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 82.86
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 1.12
    rCSI 1.92%
    PRS 88.69
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.12
    rCSI 2.65%
    PRS 75.92
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.33%
    PRS 87.22
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 1.09
    rCSI 3.83%
    PRS 83.74
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.04
    rCSI 1.79%
    PRS 81.61
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1
    rCSI 1.89%
    PRS 83.41
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.97
    rCSI 1.17%
    PRS 56.66
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 0.96
    rCSI 4.34%
    PRS 84.06
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.96
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 80.15
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.75
    rCSI 3.48%
    PRS 88.22
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 0.69
    rCSI 4.15%
    PRS 87.71
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 86.0%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 80.1%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 83.3%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 83.1%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 82.0%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 80.1%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 87.7%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 88.2%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 80.2%
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 84.1%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 56.7%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 83.4%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 81.6%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 83.7%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 87.2%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 75.9%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 88.7%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 82.9%
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 82.1%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 68.9%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 82.9%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 90.2%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 23.7%
    PRS 84.6%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 82.0%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 82.6%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 79.6%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 78.9%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 93.2%
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 84.2%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 78.1%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 88.0%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 91.6%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 76.2%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 73.4%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 82.7%
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 52.4%
  • mast cell CL0000097
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 82.6%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 87.1%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 73.4%
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 82.0%
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 73.7%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 76.0%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 72.0%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 74.7%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 83.5%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 76.9%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 82.9%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 70.6%
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 85.6%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 66.7%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 77.6%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 62.8%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 71.4%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 79.5%
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 82.7%
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 82.6%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 87.1%
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 87.6%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 81.5%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 71.5%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 86.1%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 75.0%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 74.2%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 72.3%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 80.5%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 79.3%
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 92.0%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 81.8%
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 88.5%
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 84.1%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 76.7%
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 88.7%
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 72.6%
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 87.7%
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 90.0%
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 87.1%
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 76.9%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 68.0%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 79.5%
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 87.9%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 89.5%
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 77.7%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 87.5%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 92.7%
  • lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033039
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 92.3%
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 84.6%
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 85.9%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 78.1%
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 94.7%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 89.8%
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 89.6%
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 87.1%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 14.4%
    PRS 90.5%
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 77.3%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 74.8%
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 71.8%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 75.3%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 89.9%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 75.7%
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 91.0%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) (Polo-like kinase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1p34.1 that encodes a serine/threonine-protein kinase. This enzyme is a crucial regulator of fundamental cellular processes, most notably the cell cycle, the DNA damage response, and apoptosis. Functional annotations highlight its involvement in critical cell cycle transitions, including the [G1/s transition of mitotic cell cycle](/details-gene/GO:0000082) and [G2/m transition of mitotic cell cycle](/details-gene/GO:0000086), as well as spindle and microtubule organization. Furthermore, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) plays a significant role in the p53 signaling pathway, contributing to the [regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator](/details-gene/GO:1901796) and mediating cell cycle arrest in response to cellular stress. Its expression profile is highest in cells requiring robust microtubule function, such as [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271), and in highly proliferative cells undergoing stringent selection, like [double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000809), underscoring its role in cellular dynamics and quality control. Some studies suggest it may function as a tumor suppressor, with its expression being down-regulated in certain lung carcinomas ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.32.19402)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) suggests it is a multifunctional kinase critical for specialized cellular activities across diverse tissues. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271) (CSI: 14.90), which is consistent with its established role in [cytoplasmic microtubule organization](/details-gene/GO:0031122), a process fundamental to the formation and function of cilia. Beyond structural roles, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) is highly significant within the immune system, particularly during T-cell development and activation. Its prominent expression in [double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000809) (CSI: 12.73) points to a role in the rapid proliferation and stringent apoptotic selection that occurs in the thymus. This is further supported by its significance in mature T-cell subsets, including [effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000905), [T-helper 1 cell](/details-cell/CL0000545), and [activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000896). The gene's activity in [mononuclear phagocyte](/details-cell/CL0000113) is also notable, and has been linked to adhesion-induced expression in macrophages ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203845)). Additionally, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) shows significant expression in [vascular associated smooth muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000359), suggesting a role in regulating the cell cycle of vascular tissues. Its presence in progenitor populations like [respiratory basal cell](/details-cell/CL0002633) and [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) aligns with its function as a cell cycle regulator in actively dividing and differentiating cell populations. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) functions primarily as a serine/threonine kinase, with a well-documented role in cell cycle control and the cellular stress response. Its molecular functions include [atp binding](/details-gene/GO:0005524), [protein serine/threonine kinase activity](/details-gene/GO:0004674), and direct [p53 binding](/details-gene/GO:0002039). The kinase is a key component of the cell cycle machinery. It is involved in organizing mitotic structures such as the [centrosome](/details-gene/GO:0005813), [kinetochore](/details-gene/GO:0000776), and [spindle pole](/details-gene/GO:0000922). Studies have shown that [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) phosphorylates and interacts with core cell cycle regulators like Cdc25C, promoting its nuclear translocation and thereby regulating entry into mitosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1202983), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1207425)). Overexpression of [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) can lead to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, partly through the disruption of microtubule integrity ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11156373/), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.10.3450-3459.2002)). A critical aspect of [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) function is its integration with the DNA damage response, primarily through the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Reactome pathway analysis highlights its role in the [regulation of tp53 activity](/details-gene/R-HSA-5633007) and [transcriptional regulation by tp53](/details-gene/R-HSA-3700989). Specifically, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) can mediate the phosphorylation of p53 in response to reactive oxygen species, functionally linking DNA damage to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m104157200), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m106050200)). ## Research Directions Evidence suggests that [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) acts as a tumor suppressor whose function is lost in some malignancies ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.32.19402)). Its diverse roles in microtubule dynamics, cell cycle checkpoints, and immune cell development open up several avenues for further investigation. **Testable Hypotheses:** 1. Given its top expression in [lung ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL1000271) and its established role in microtubule organization, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) is hypothesized to be a critical regulator of ciliogenesis and ciliary function in the respiratory epithelium. Its downregulation, as observed in some lung cancers, may contribute to defective mucociliary clearance, promoting chronic inflammation and disease progression. 2. Based on its high significance in [double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte](/details-cell/CL0000809) and its function in apoptosis and cell cycle checkpoints, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) may act as a critical checkpoint kinase during T-cell selection in the thymus, ensuring the apoptotic removal of thymocytes with non-functional or self-reactive T-cell receptors. **Proposed Experiment:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in ciliary function, an *in vitro* model using primary human bronchial epithelial cells grown at an air-liquid interface (ALI) would be appropriate. 1. [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) expression would be knocked down using lentiviral-delivered shRNA or CRISPRi. 2. Following differentiation into a ciliated epithelium, cultures would be assessed for defects in ciliogenesis and function. 3. Endpoints would include quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy to measure cilia length and density (staining for acetylated tubulin), and high-speed video microscopy to measure ciliary beat frequency and coordination. 4. RNA-sequencing could further identify downstream transcriptional changes in genes related to ciliary assembly and function. **Therapeutic Potential:** Unlike other Polo-like kinases (e.g., PLK1) which are often targets for inhibition in cancer therapy, [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) appears to have tumor-suppressive functions. Therefore, its therapeutic potential lies in strategies for its **activation** or restoration in cancers where it is downregulated or inactivated. Small-molecule activators that enhance [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) kinase activity could potentially restore cell cycle checkpoints and promote apoptosis in cancer cells. Alternatively, the expression level of [PLK3](/details-gene/1263) could serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker, with low expression indicating a more aggressive tumor phenotype and poorer patient outcomes.

Genular Protein ID: 496121503

Symbol: PLK3_HUMAN

Name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11039900

Title: Adhesion induced expression of the serine/threonine kinase Fnk in human macrophages.

PubMed ID: 11039900

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203845

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8702627

Title: Prk, a cytokine-inducible human protein serine/threonine kinase whose expression appears to be down-regulated in lung carcinomas.

PubMed ID: 8702627

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.32.19402

PubMed ID: 11746980

Title: Intron/exon organization and polymorphisms of the PLK3/PRK gene in human lung carcinoma cell lines.

PubMed ID: 11746980

DOI: 10.1002/gcc.1204

PubMed ID: 12242661

Title: Mammalian Polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) is a multifunctional protein involved in stress response pathways.

PubMed ID: 12242661

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205850

PubMed ID: 9353331

Title: Human Prk is a conserved protein serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating M phase functions.

PubMed ID: 9353331

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.45.28646

PubMed ID: 10557092

Title: The physical association and phosphorylation of Cdc25C protein phosphatase by Prk.

PubMed ID: 10557092

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202983

PubMed ID: 11156373

Title: Incomplete cytokinesis and induction of apoptosis by overexpression of the mammalian polo-like kinase, Plk3.

PubMed ID: 11156373

PubMed ID: 11447225

Title: Reactive oxygen species-induced phosphorylation of p53 on serine 20 is mediated in part by polo-like kinase-3.

PubMed ID: 11447225

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m104157200

PubMed ID: 11551930

Title: Plk3 functionally links DNA damage to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis at least in part via the p53 pathway.

PubMed ID: 11551930

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106050200

PubMed ID: 11971976

Title: Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by human Polo-like kinase 3 is mediated through perturbation of microtubule integrity.

PubMed ID: 11971976

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.10.3450-3459.2002

PubMed ID: 14980500

Title: Polo-like kinase 3 is Golgi localized and involved in regulating Golgi fragmentation during the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 14980500

DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.10.022

PubMed ID: 14968113

Title: Cdc25C phosphorylation on serine 191 by Plk3 promotes its nuclear translocation.

PubMed ID: 14968113

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207425

PubMed ID: 15021912

Title: MEK1-induced Golgi dynamics during cell cycle progression is partly mediated by Polo-like kinase-3.

PubMed ID: 15021912

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207479

PubMed ID: 16478733

Title: Polo box domain of Plk3 functions as a centrosome localization signal, overexpression of which causes mitotic arrest, cytokinesis defects, and apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 16478733

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513156200

PubMed ID: 16481012

Title: Priming phosphorylation of Chk2 by polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) mediates its full activation by ATM and a downstream checkpoint in response to DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 16481012

DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.12.002

PubMed ID: 17804415

Title: Stress-induced c-Jun activation mediated by Polo-like kinase 3 in corneal epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 17804415

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m702791200

PubMed ID: 17264206

Title: Polo-like kinase 3 is required for entry into S phase.

PubMed ID: 17264206

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610856104

PubMed ID: 18062778

Title: Plk3 phosphorylates topoisomerase IIalpha at Thr(1342), a site that is not recognized by Plk1.

PubMed ID: 18062778

DOI: 10.1042/bj20071394

PubMed ID: 18650425

Title: Activation of Polo-like kinase 3 by hypoxic stresses.

PubMed ID: 18650425

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801326200

PubMed ID: 19490146

Title: Plk3 inhibits pro-apoptotic activity of p73 through physical interaction and phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 19490146

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2009.01309.x

PubMed ID: 19103756

Title: Plk3 interacts with and specifically phosphorylates VRK1 in Ser342, a downstream target in a pathway that induces Golgi fragmentation.

PubMed ID: 19103756

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01341-08

PubMed ID: 20889502

Title: Plk3 functions as an essential component of the hypoxia regulatory pathway by direct phosphorylation of HIF-1alpha.

PubMed ID: 20889502

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.160325

PubMed ID: 20940307

Title: Regulation of PTEN stability and activity by Plk3.

PubMed ID: 20940307

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.166462

PubMed ID: 20951827

Title: Calcium- and integrin-binding protein 1 regulates microtubule organization and centrosome segregation through polo like kinase 3 during cell cycle progression.

PubMed ID: 20951827

DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.10.003

PubMed ID: 20473878

Title: Calcium-dependent inhibition of polo-like kinase 3 activity by CIB1 in breast cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 20473878

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25388

PubMed ID: 21098032

Title: Hyperosmotic stress-induced ATF-2 activation through Polo-like kinase 3 in human corneal epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 21098032

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.166009

PubMed ID: 21840391

Title: Bcl-xL phosphorylation at Ser49 by polo kinase 3 during cell cycle progression and checkpoints.

PubMed ID: 21840391

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.07.017

PubMed ID: 21376736

Title: Absence of polo-like kinase 3 in mice stabilizes Cdc25A after DNA damage but is not sufficient to produce tumors.

PubMed ID: 21376736

DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.02.006

PubMed ID: 21264284

Title: Calcium- and integrin-binding protein 1 regulates endomitosis and its interaction with Polo-like kinase 3 is enhanced in endomitotic Dami cells.

PubMed ID: 21264284

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014513

PubMed ID: 20671765

Title: Multifaceted polo-like kinases: drug targets and antitargets for cancer therapy.

PubMed ID: 20671765

DOI: 10.1038/nrd3184

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 646
  • Mass: 71629
  • Checksum: 324CA3E9DE482514
  • Sequence:
  • MEPAAGFLSP RPFQRAAAAP APPAGPGPPP SALRGPELEM LAGLPTSDPG RLITDPRSGR 
    TYLKGRLLGK GGFARCYEAT DTETGSAYAV KVIPQSRVAK PHQREKILNE IELHRDLQHR 
    HIVRFSHHFE DADNIYIFLE LCSRKSLAHI WKARHTLLEP EVRYYLRQIL SGLKYLHQRG 
    ILHRDLKLGN FFITENMELK VGDFGLAARL EPPEQRKKTI CGTPNYVAPE VLLRQGHGPE 
    ADVWSLGCVM YTLLCGSPPF ETADLKETYR CIKQVHYTLP ASLSLPARQL LAAILRASPR 
    DRPSIDQILR HDFFTKGYTP DRLPISSCVT VPDLTPPNPA RSLFAKVTKS LFGRKKKSKN 
    HAQERDEVSG LVSGLMRTSV GHQDARPEAP AASGPAPVSL VETAPEDSSP RGTLASSGDG 
    FEEGLTVATV VESALCALRN CIAFMPPAEQ NPAPLAQPEP LVWVSKWVDY SNKFGFGYQL 
    SSRRVAVLFN DGTHMALSAN RKTVHYNPTS TKHFSFSVGA VPRALQPQLG ILRYFASYME 
    QHLMKGGDLP SVEEVEVPAP PLLLQWVKTD QALLMLFSDG TVQVNFYGDH TKLILSGWEP 
    LLVTFVARNR SACTYLASHL RQLGCSPDLR QRLRYALRLL RDRSPA