Details for: ADH4

Gene ID: 127

Symbol: ADH4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198099

Description: alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (class II), pi polypeptide

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: 10.9896
    Cell Significance Index: 28.9900
  • Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
    Fold Change: 9.9505
    Cell Significance Index: 75.4600
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 8.5319
    Cell Significance Index: 143.5000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 4.4933
    Cell Significance Index: 275.4800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.3239
    Cell Significance Index: 19.5400
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.3214
    Cell Significance Index: 79.3300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.1687
    Cell Significance Index: 231.9400
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 1.1652
    Cell Significance Index: 28.2300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 1.0315
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3500
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.0050
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.8617
    Cell Significance Index: 93.7300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.8484
    Cell Significance Index: 24.4500
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.8130
    Cell Significance Index: 80.4300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.6932
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6721
    Cell Significance Index: 606.8200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.6273
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.6099
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4726
    Cell Significance Index: 76.8700
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.4652
    Cell Significance Index: 7.0100
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4598
    Cell Significance Index: 31.8000
  • Cell Name: colonocyte (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.4361
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7000
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.4144
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.4127
    Cell Significance Index: 78.5400
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.3765
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6300
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: 0.3389
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9400
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 0.2835
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5700
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.1542
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4200
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.1071
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1020
    Cell Significance Index: 18.3800
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 0.0976
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7500
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 0.0669
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0327
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8400
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: 0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0283
    Cell Significance Index: 52.1500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: 0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0263
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: 45.5800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0241
    Cell Significance Index: 37.1400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0222
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7800
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.0199
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6300
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: 18.8300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0107
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0081
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0162
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.0220
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0226
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: -0.0320
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0385
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0431
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: intrahepatic cholangiocyte (CL0002538)
    Fold Change: -0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0458
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.0471
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0483
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0520
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0531
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0540
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: -0.0562
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.0579
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0633
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0685
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0788
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: -0.0803
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0809
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0819
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0831
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0856
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0000
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: -0.0873
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0889
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0952
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0960
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0977
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** ADH4 is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family, which consists of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes. The ADH4 enzyme is a class II enzyme, which means it has a different substrate specificity and kinetic properties compared to class I enzymes. ADH4 is a zinc-dependent enzyme, meaning it requires zinc ions to catalyze its reactions. The enzyme is also a nucleoplasmic protein, suggesting its involvement in nuclear processes. **Pathways and Functions** ADH4 is involved in several metabolic pathways, including: 1. **Alcohol catabolic process**: ADH4 catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol and other alcohols to acetaldehyde, which is then converted into acetate, a water-soluble compound that can be excreted. 2. **Alcohol dehydrogenase activity**: ADH4 is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase family, which catalyzes the oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes. 3. **Zinc-dependent activity**: ADH4 requires zinc ions to catalyze its reactions. 4. **Alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase activity**: ADH4 can also catalyze the oxidation of alditol to glyceraldehyde, which is a step in the metabolism of sugars. 5. **Signaling by nuclear receptors**: ADH4 has been shown to interact with nuclear receptors, such as retinoic acid receptors, which are involved in signaling pathways that regulate cell growth and differentiation. **Clinical Significance** ADH4 has several clinical implications: 1. **Alcohol metabolism**: ADH4 is involved in the metabolism of ethanol, which is essential for the prevention of ethanol toxicity. 2. **Detoxification**: ADH4 plays a role in the detoxification of aldehydes and other toxic compounds, which can help prevent tissue damage and disease. 3. **Neurological disorders**: ADH4 has been implicated in neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where it may play a role in the metabolism of aldehydes and other toxic compounds. 4. **Cancer**: ADH4 has been shown to interact with nuclear receptors, which can influence cancer cell growth and differentiation. 5. **Genetic disorders**: ADH4 has been associated with genetic disorders, such as alcohol dependence and liver disease, where it may play a role in the metabolism of ethanol and other aldehydes. In conclusion, ADH4 is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of alcohols and aldehydes, facilitating their conversion into more water-soluble compounds that can be easily excreted from the body. Its involvement in different cellular processes, including signaling and detoxification, makes it an important enzyme in various tissues, including the liver, colon, kidney, and brain.

Genular Protein ID: 2603725701

Symbol: ADH4_HUMAN

Name: Alcohol dehydrogenase 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P08319 A8K470 B4DIE7 C9J4A9 Q8TCD7

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 41 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 3 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 16 Ensembl 3 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 22 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 3 Rhea 10 SABIO-RK 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3036213

Title: Structure of the class II enzyme of human liver alcohol dehydrogenase: combined cDNA and protein sequence determination of the pi subunit.

PubMed ID: 3036213

DOI: 10.1021/bi00381a021

PubMed ID: 1889753

Title: Cloning and characterization of the human ADH4 gene.

PubMed ID: 1889753

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90285-j

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10514444

Title: A novel subtype of class II alcohol dehydrogenase in rodents. Unique Pro(47) and Ser(182) modulates hydride transfer in the mouse enzyme.

PubMed ID: 10514444

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.42.29712

PubMed ID: 16081420

Title: Omega-oxidation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in cerebral microvascular smooth muscle and endothelium by alcohol dehydrogenase 4.

PubMed ID: 16081420

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m504055200

PubMed ID: 17279314

Title: Alcohol dehydrogenase 2 is a major hepatic enzyme for human retinol metabolism.

PubMed ID: 17279314

DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-6449-8

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 380
  • Mass: 40222
  • Checksum: 45721A08197629F1
  • Sequence:
    • MGTKGKVIKC KAAIAWEAGK PLCIEEVEVA PPKAHEVRIQ IIATSLCHTD ATVIDSKFEG 
LAFPVIVGHE AAGIVESIGP GVTNVKPGDK VIPLYAPLCR KCKFCLSPLT NLCGKISNLK 
SPASDQQLME DKTSRFTCKG KPVYHFFGTS TFSQYTVVSD INLAKIDDDA NLERVCLLGC 
GFSTGYGAAI NNAKVTPGST CAVFGLGGVG LSAVMGCKAA GASRIIGIDI NSEKFVKAKA 
LGATDCLNPR DLHKPIQEVI IELTKGGVDF ALDCAGGSET MKAALDCTTA GWGSCTFIGV 
AAGSKGLTIF PEELIIGRTI NGTFFGGWKS VDSIPKLVTD YKNKKFNLDA LVTHTLPFDK 
ISEAFDLMNQ GKSVRTILIF

Genular Protein ID: 2985519914

Symbol: V9HVX7_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

V9HVX7

Database IDs:

ARBA 6 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 3 Gene3D 2 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 1 Pfam 2 RefSeq 3 RuleBase 1 SMART 2 SUPFAM 2

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 392
  • Mass: 41641
  • Checksum: C7ADA6A4F278C522
  • Sequence:
    • MGTKGKVIKC KAAIAWEAGK PLCIEEVEVA PPKAHEVRIQ IIATSLCHTD ASVIDSKFEG 
LAFPVIVGHE AAGIVESIGP GVTNVKPGDK VIPLYAPLCR KCKFCLSPLT NLCGKISNLK 
SPASDQQLME DKTSRFTCKG KPVYHFFGTS TFSQYTVVSD INLAKIDDDA NLERVCLLGC 
GFSTGYGAAI NNAKVTPGST CAVFGLGGVG LSAVMGCKAA GASRIIGIDI NSEKFVKAKA 
LGATDCLNPR DLHKPIQEVI IELTKGGVDF ALDCAGGSET MKAALDCTTA GWGSCTFIGV 
AAGSKGLTIF PEELIIGRTI NGTFFGGWKS VDSIPKLVTD YKNKKFNLDA LVTHTLPFDK 
ISEAFDLMNQ GKSVRTILIF GRCQEQFRIL SD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.