Details for: COL4A2

Gene ID: 1284

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: COL4A2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134871

Description: collagen type IV alpha 2 chain

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 64.7
    rCSI 83.07%
    PRS 73.84
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 51.7
    rCSI 63.96%
    PRS 81.5
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 27.69
    rCSI 39.51%
    PRS 83.9
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 26.81
    rCSI 61.17%
    PRS 75.25
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 25.05
    rCSI 35.5%
    PRS 80.39
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 24.21
    rCSI 31.07%
    PRS 79.56
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 23.04
    rCSI 38.67%
    PRS 66.29
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 21.93
    rCSI 57.89%
    PRS 88.96
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 21.17
    rCSI 28.95%
    PRS 87.44
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 19.86
    rCSI 64.62%
    PRS 80.6
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 19.85
    rCSI 27.57%
    PRS 81.75
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 18.83
    rCSI 21.75%
    PRS 75.61
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 18.75
    rCSI 50.1%
    PRS 75.83
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 16.34
    rCSI 21.07%
    PRS 67.47
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 14.59
    rCSI 30.28%
    PRS 80.25
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 14.58
    rCSI 42.22%
    PRS 82.51
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 14.56
    rCSI 71.76%
    PRS 89.65
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 13.86
    rCSI 43.35%
    PRS 70.23
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 13.83
    rCSI 31.91%
    PRS 71.7
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 13.49
    rCSI 25.72%
    PRS 91.43
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 13.26
    rCSI 12.34%
    PRS 84.08
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 12.57
    rCSI 17.41%
    PRS 80.06
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 12.16
    rCSI 33.51%
    PRS 78.82
  • capillary endothelial cell CL0002144
    CSI 11.91
    rCSI 21.84%
    PRS 86.3
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 11.91
    rCSI 38.62%
    PRS 81.34
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 11.86
    rCSI 37.08%
    PRS 67.94
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 11.36
    rCSI 31.21%
    PRS 88.96
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 10.84
    rCSI 14.49%
    PRS 81.33
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 10.55
    rCSI 9.1%
    PRS 83.48
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 10.36
    rCSI 8.19%
    PRS 73.22
  • mural cell CL0008034
    CSI 10.31
    rCSI 34.92%
    PRS 79.01
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 10.19
    rCSI 24.3%
    PRS 78.69
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 9.7
    rCSI 36.35%
    PRS 76.33
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 9.63
    rCSI 29.67%
    PRS 86.83
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 9.3
    rCSI 54.12%
    PRS 86.35
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 8.99
    rCSI 26.07%
    PRS 73.17
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 8.96
    rCSI 10.76%
    PRS 81.38
  • subcutaneous adipocyte CL0002521
    CSI 8.93
    rCSI 45.76%
    PRS 86.1
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 8.73
    rCSI 41.84%
    PRS 83.43
  • kidney interstitial fibroblast CL1000692
    CSI 8.47
    rCSI 45.02%
    PRS 72.99
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 8.44
    rCSI 8.12%
    PRS 82.64
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 8.43
    rCSI 10.73%
    PRS 87.92
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 8.24
    rCSI 10.25%
    PRS 64.22
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 20.73%
    PRS 87.42
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 8.16
    rCSI 45.48%
    PRS 85.57
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 8.07
    rCSI 14.15%
    PRS 77.68
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 7.96
    rCSI 6.47%
    PRS 82.64
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 7.91
    rCSI 57.83%
    PRS 89.83
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 7.9
    rCSI 45.31%
    PRS 88.02
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 7.89
    rCSI 7.01%
    PRS 80.99
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 7.68
    rCSI 24.58%
    PRS 81.02
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.64
    rCSI 27.12%
    PRS 86.27
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 7.33
    rCSI 35.11%
    PRS 79.34
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 18.51%
    PRS 84.32
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 6.92
    rCSI 9.94%
    PRS 73.7
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 19.61%
    PRS 78.93
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 6.85
    rCSI 15.97%
    PRS 92.04
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 6.84
    rCSI 20.19%
    PRS 82.28
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 6.75
    rCSI 6.51%
    PRS 77.5
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 6.75
    rCSI 38.13%
    PRS 69.67
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 6.68
    rCSI 6.17%
    PRS 84.55
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 6.66
    rCSI 15.91%
    PRS 86.56
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 6.59
    rCSI 18.54%
    PRS 78.4
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 6.47
    rCSI 6.76%
    PRS 80.87
  • fibroblast CL0000057
    CSI 6.43
    rCSI 18.5%
    PRS 76.69
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 6.43
    rCSI 12.74%
    PRS 87.4
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 6.19
    rCSI 15.11%
    PRS 75.83
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6.16
    rCSI 13.57%
    PRS 86.47
  • pericyte CL0000669
    CSI 6.05
    rCSI 16.12%
    PRS 60.88
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 5.99
    rCSI 9.25%
    PRS 82.17
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 5.95
    rCSI 25%
    PRS 87.13
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 5.89
    rCSI 6.45%
    PRS 85.05
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 5.61
    rCSI 38.5%
    PRS 88.57
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 5.52
    rCSI 15.06%
    PRS 89.15
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 5.47
    rCSI 6.53%
    PRS 66.34
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 5.39
    rCSI 14%
    PRS 83.25
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 5.36
    rCSI 13.86%
    PRS 79.11
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 5.24
    rCSI 7.14%
    PRS 75.31
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 13.17%
    PRS 74.47
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 5.17
    rCSI 19.68%
    PRS 74.82
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 5.02
    rCSI 27.85%
    PRS 90.84
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 4.94
    rCSI 7.89%
    PRS 86.48
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 4.84
    rCSI 8.53%
    PRS 87.71
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 4.83
    rCSI 6.57%
    PRS 90.41
  • mesangial cell CL0000650
    CSI 4.69
    rCSI 19.13%
    PRS 90.66
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 7.78%
    PRS 75.51
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 4.38
    rCSI 10.01%
    PRS 84.05
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 4.36
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 64.23
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 4.35
    rCSI 8.73%
    PRS 74.49
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 3.92
    rCSI 30.06%
    PRS 84.18
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 3.89
    rCSI 25.05%
    PRS 90.15
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 3.78
    rCSI 8.48%
    PRS 67.22
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 3.71
    rCSI 5.89%
    PRS 76.82
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 7.19%
    PRS 86.14
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 80.19
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 3.57
    rCSI 9.27%
    PRS 88.64
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 13.26%
    PRS 66.86
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 3.45
    rCSI 5.28%
    PRS 89.38
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 3.42
    rCSI 48.59%
    PRS 74.61
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 3.35
    rCSI 36.73%
    PRS 87.5
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 74.3%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 64.2%
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 20.3%
    PRS 89.6%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 87.7%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 16.7%
    PRS 73.3%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 71.9%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 71.4%
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 24.6%
    PRS 90.1%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 84.2%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 11.7%
    PRS 79.4%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 90.0%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 75.7%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 79.4%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 20.1%
    PRS 89.9%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 87.6%
  • ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 89.7%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 90.0%
  • uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 88.1%
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 79.8%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 67.7%
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 17.0%
    PRS 89.6%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 91.8%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 84.0%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 39.3%
    PRS 89.5%
  • smooth muscle cell of prostate CL1000487
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 12.0%
    PRS 88.0%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 65.9%
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 9.5%
    PRS 89.3%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 21.0%
    PRS 77.7%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 84.6%
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 18.0%
    PRS 76.2%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 83.4%
  • skeletal muscle satellite cell CL0000594
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 92.5%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 21.9%
    PRS 78.1%
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 12.6%
    PRS 67.3%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 12.6%
    PRS 91.4%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 90.0%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 77.1%
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 13.6%
    PRS 86.6%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 26.1%
    PRS 72.0%
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 18.4%
    PRS 84.8%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 69.9%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 67.5%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 19.2%
    PRS 79.7%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 86.0%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 36.7%
    PRS 87.5%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 48.6%
    PRS 74.6%
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 89.4%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 13.3%
    PRS 66.9%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 88.6%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 80.2%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 86.1%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 76.8%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 67.2%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 25.1%
    PRS 90.2%
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 30.1%
    PRS 84.2%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 74.5%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 64.2%
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 10.0%
    PRS 84.1%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 75.5%
  • mesangial cell CL0000650
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 19.1%
    PRS 90.7%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 90.4%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 8.5%
    PRS 87.7%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 86.5%
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 27.9%
    PRS 90.8%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 19.7%
    PRS 74.8%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 13.2%
    PRS 74.5%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 75.3%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 13.9%
    PRS 79.1%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 14.0%
    PRS 83.3%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 66.3%
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 89.2%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 38.5%
    PRS 88.6%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 85.1%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 25.0%
    PRS 87.1%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 82.2%
  • pericyte CL0000669
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 16.1%
    PRS 60.9%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 13.6%
    PRS 86.5%
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 75.8%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 87.4%
  • fibroblast CL0000057
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 18.5%
    PRS 76.7%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 80.9%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 18.5%
    PRS 78.4%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 15.9%
    PRS 86.6%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 84.6%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 38.1%
    PRS 69.7%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 77.5%
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 20.2%
    PRS 82.3%
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 16.0%
    PRS 92.0%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 19.6%
    PRS 78.9%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 73.7%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 18.5%
    PRS 84.3%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 35.1%
    PRS 79.3%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 27.1%
    PRS 86.3%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 7.7
    rCSI 24.6%
    PRS 81.0%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 7.9
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 81.0%
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 7.9
    rCSI 45.3%
    PRS 88.0%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 7.9
    rCSI 57.8%
    PRS 89.8%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 8.0
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 82.6%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 8.1
    rCSI 14.2%
    PRS 77.7%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 45.5%
    PRS 85.6%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) encodes the alpha-2 chain of type IV collagen, one of the primary structural components of basement membranes throughout the body. In partnership with the alpha-1 chain, it forms a heterotrimer that provides essential scaffolding and tensile strength to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Its expression is particularly significant in mesenchymal-derived cells such as [adipocytes](/details-cell/CL0000136), smooth muscle cells, and pericytes, as well as in specialized cells like [extravillous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL0008036) and various glial and neuronal precursors, underscoring its fundamental role in tissue architecture, vascular support, and developmental processes. A proteolytic fragment of the COL4A2 protein, known as canstatin, possesses potent anti-angiogenic properties, adding a layer of regulatory function beyond its structural role. Mutations and dysregulation of [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) are associated with basement membrane pathologies, as indicated by its OMIM entry ([120090](https://omim.org/entry/120090)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) firmly establishes it as a key gene for cells responsible for building and maintaining basement membranes and connective tissues. **Overall**, its highest significance index (CSI) is observed in cell types that actively secrete ECM components. These can be broadly categorized into several functional groups: * **Mesenchymal and Stromal Cells:** The gene shows dominant significance in [adipocytes](/details-cell/CL0000136) (CSI: 64.70), [enteric smooth muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0002504) (CSI: 27.69), [lung pericytes](/details-cell/CL0009089) (CSI: 21.93), and [perivascular cells](/details-cell/CL4033054) (CSI: 21.17). This pattern is consistent with its crucial role in forming the basement membranes that support adipose tissue, line the vasculature, and provide structure to organs. * **Specialized Epithelial and Placental Cells:** High significance in [extravillous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL0008036) (CSI: 51.70) highlights its importance in placental development and uterine invasion. Furthermore, its expression in kidney cells like [kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001111) (CSI: 25.05) and [parietal epithelial cells](/details-cell/CL1000452) (CSI: 18.75) points to its contribution to the specialized glomerular and tubular basement membranes essential for renal filtration. * **Neural and Glial Cells:** Significant expression is also noted in cells of the developing and mature nervous system, including [Mueller cells](/details-cell/CL0000636) of the retina (CSI: 26.81), [neuroblasts](/details-cell/CL0000031) (CSI: 24.21), [radial glial cells](/details-cell/CL0000681) (CSI: 19.85), and specific interneuron subtypes. This suggests a role for [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284)-containing basement membranes in providing structural support and guidance cues during neurodevelopment. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) is annotated as an '[extracellular matrix structural constituent](/details-go/GO:0005201)' that is integral to the '[basement membrane](/details-go/GO:0005604)' and '[collagen type iv trimer](/details-go/GO:0005587)'. Its involvement in numerous Reactome pathways reflects its central role in the lifecycle of the ECM. These pathways include the synthesis and assembly of collagen ('[Collagen formation](/details-reactome/R-HSA-1474290)', '[Collagen chain trimerization](/details-reactome/R-HSA-8948216)'), its organization into higher-order structures ('[Extracellular matrix organization](/details-reactome/R-HSA-1474244)'), and its eventual breakdown ('[Collagen degradation](/details-reactome/R-HSA-1442490)'). Beyond its structural role, the COL4A2 protein influences cellular behavior through interactions with cell surface receptors, as shown by its involvement in '[Integrin cell surface interactions](/details-reactome/R-HSA-216083)'. This is particularly relevant in the context of development, where it contributes to processes like '[Axon guidance](/details-reactome/R-HSA-422475)' and '[Nervous system development](/details-reactome/R-HSA-9675108)', consistent with its expression in neuroblasts and glial cells. A key regulatory function arises from its C-terminal non-collagenous (NC1) domain, which can be proteolytically cleaved to release the fragment canstatin. Canstatin acts as a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell function, mediating the '[negative regulation of angiogenesis](/details-go/GO:0016525)' ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.2.1209)) by inducing apoptosis through integrin binding and subsequent mitochondrial damage ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m307339200), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3536)). ## Research Directions The dual function of [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) as both a core structural protein and a source of a potent anti-angiogenic signaling molecule makes it a compelling subject for further research, particularly in the context of tissue remodeling during disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in pericytes and smooth muscle cells, dysregulation of [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) synthesis and deposition by these cells may be a critical step in the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis or diabetic nephropathy, by contributing to pathological basement membrane thickening and tissue stiffening. 2. The proteolytic balance between full-length, pro-structural COL4A2 and the anti-angiogenic Canstatin fragment likely represents a key regulatory checkpoint in the tumor microenvironment. A shift away from Canstatin production could be a mechanism by which tumors evade endogenous anti-angiogenic control to promote vascularization and growth. **Experimental Approach to Test Hypothesis 2:** To investigate the role of COL4A2 processing in tumor angiogenesis, one could employ a 3D organoid co-culture system. Tumor cells (e.g., from a patient-derived xenograft of colorectal cancer) could be engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 to express either wild-type [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) or a cleavage-resistant mutant where the protease recognition sites for Canstatin release are ablated. These engineered tumor organoids would then be co-cultured with primary human [blood vessel endothelial cells](/details-cell/CL0000071) in a matrix gel. The primary readout would be the extent of endothelial cell sprouting and invasion into the tumor organoid, quantified by confocal microscopy. Additionally, levels of Canstatin in the conditioned media could be measured by ELISA or mass spectrometry. It is hypothesized that organoids expressing the cleavage-resistant [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) mutant will induce significantly more robust endothelial sprouting compared to wild-type controls, demonstrating that blocking Canstatin generation promotes a pro-angiogenic microenvironment. **Therapeutic Potential:** Directly targeting the [COL4A2](/details-gene/1284) gene or its full-length protein is likely unfeasible due to its essential structural role in nearly all tissues. However, its anti-angiogenic fragment, Canstatin, represents a promising therapeutic agent. The therapeutic strategy would focus on activation or supplementation rather than inhibition. Administration of recombinant Canstatin has shown efficacy in preclinical cancer models ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3536)), suggesting its potential as a biologic drug. An alternative and more sophisticated strategy would be to develop therapeutics that specifically enhance the proteolytic processing of endogenous COL4A2 into Canstatin within the tumor microenvironment, thereby leveraging a natural anti-tumor mechanism with potentially greater specificity and fewer side effects.

Genular Protein ID: 3149821679

Symbol: CO4A2_HUMAN

Name: Canstatin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3198637

Title: The complete primary structure of the alpha 2 chain of human type IV collagen and comparison with the alpha 1(IV) chain.

PubMed ID: 3198637

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77660-1

PubMed ID: 15057823

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 15057823

DOI: 10.1038/nature02379

PubMed ID: 3345760

Title: Human basement membrane collagen (type IV). The amino acid sequence of the alpha 2(IV) chain and its comparison with the alpha 1(IV) chain reveals deletions in the alpha 1(IV) chain.

PubMed ID: 3345760

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13852.x

PubMed ID: 2846280

Title: The genes for the alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) chains of human basement membrane collagen type IV are arranged head-to-head and separated by a bidirectional promoter of unique structure.

PubMed ID: 2846280

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03122.x

PubMed ID: 3182844

Title: The structural genes for alpha 1 and alpha 2 chains of human type IV collagen are divergently encoded on opposite DNA strands and have an overlapping promoter region.

PubMed ID: 3182844

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77818-1

PubMed ID: 8317999

Title: Identification of a novel sequence element in the common promoter region of human collagen type IV genes, involved in the regulation of divergent transcription.

PubMed ID: 8317999

DOI: 10.1042/bj2920687

PubMed ID: 3692475

Title: Partial structure of the human alpha 2(IV) collagen chain and chromosomal localization of the gene (COL4A2).

PubMed ID: 3692475

DOI: 10.1007/bf00291418

PubMed ID: 3582677

Title: Nucleotide sequence coding for the human type IV collagen alpha 2 chain cDNA reveals extensive homology with the NC-1 domain of alpha 1 (IV) but not with the collagenous domain or 3'-untranslated region.

PubMed ID: 3582677

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80706-8

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3025878

Title: Human collagen genes encoding basement membrane alpha 1 (IV) and alpha 2 (IV) chains map to the distal long arm of chromosome 13.

PubMed ID: 3025878

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.2.512

PubMed ID: 2844531

Title: The arrangement of intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds in the carboxyterminal, non-collagenous aggregation and cross-linking domain of basement-membrane type IV collagen.

PubMed ID: 2844531

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14321.x

PubMed ID: 2439508

Title: Duplication of type IV collagen COOH-terminal repeats and species-specific expression of alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) collagen genes.

PubMed ID: 2439508

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48071-4

PubMed ID: 10625665

Title: Canstatin, a novel matrix-derived inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth.

PubMed ID: 10625665

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.2.1209

PubMed ID: 12876280

Title: Canstatin inhibits Akt activation and induces Fas-dependent apoptosis in endothelial cells.

PubMed ID: 12876280

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m307339200

PubMed ID: 15899827

Title: Canstatin acts on endothelial and tumor cells via mitochondrial damage initiated through interaction with alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 integrins.

PubMed ID: 15899827

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3536

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 32571911

Title: Peroxidasin-mediated bromine enrichment of basement membranes.

PubMed ID: 32571911

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007749117

PubMed ID: 12011424

Title: The 1.9-A crystal structure of the noncollagenous (NC1) domain of human placenta collagen IV shows stabilization via a novel type of covalent Met-Lys cross-link.

PubMed ID: 12011424

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.062183499

PubMed ID: 21527998

Title: Sequence variants in COL4A1 and COL4A2 genes in Ecuadorian families with keratoconus.

PubMed ID: 21527998

PubMed ID: 22209246

Title: De novo and inherited mutations in COL4A2, encoding the type IV collagen alpha2 chain cause porencephaly.

PubMed ID: 22209246

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.016

PubMed ID: 22209247

Title: COL4A2 mutations impair COL4A1 and COL4A2 secretion and cause hemorrhagic stroke.

PubMed ID: 22209247

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.022

PubMed ID: 22333902

Title: COL4A2 mutation associated with familial porencephaly and small-vessel disease.

PubMed ID: 22333902

DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2012.20

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1712
  • Mass: 167553
  • Checksum: E0DABEEAB349D8AF
  • Sequence:
  • MGRDQRAVAG PALRRWLLLG TVTVGFLAQS VLAGVKKFDV PCGGRDCSGG CQCYPEKGGR 
    GQPGPVGPQG YNGPPGLQGF PGLQGRKGDK GERGAPGVTG PKGDVGARGV SGFPGADGIP 
    GHPGQGGPRG RPGYDGCNGT QGDSGPQGPP GSEGFTGPPG PQGPKGQKGE PYALPKEERD 
    RYRGEPGEPG LVGFQGPPGR PGHVGQMGPV GAPGRPGPPG PPGPKGQQGN RGLGFYGVKG 
    EKGDVGQPGP NGIPSDTLHP IIAPTGVTFH PDQYKGEKGS EGEPGIRGIS LKGEEGIMGF 
    PGLRGYPGLS GEKGSPGQKG SRGLDGYQGP DGPRGPKGEA GDPGPPGLPA YSPHPSLAKG 
    ARGDPGFPGA QGEPGSQGEP GDPGLPGPPG LSIGDGDQRR GLPGEMGPKG FIGDPGIPAL 
    YGGPPGPDGK RGPPGPPGLP GPPGPDGFLF GLKGAKGRAG FPGLPGSPGA RGPKGWKGDA 
    GECRCTEGDE AIKGLPGLPG PKGFAGINGE PGRKGDRGDP GQHGLPGFPG LKGVPGNIGA 
    PGPKGAKGDS RTITTKGERG QPGVPGVPGM KGDDGSPGRD GLDGFPGLPG PPGDGIKGPP 
    GDPGYPGIPG TKGTPGEMGP PGLGLPGLKG QRGFPGDAGL PGPPGFLGPP GPAGTPGQID 
    CDTDVKRAVG GDRQEAIQPG CIGGPKGLPG LPGPPGPTGA KGLRGIPGFA GADGGPGPRG 
    LPGDAGREGF PGPPGFIGPR GSKGAVGLPG PDGSPGPIGL PGPDGPPGER GLPGEVLGAQ 
    PGPRGDAGVP GQPGLKGLPG DRGPPGFRGS QGMPGMPGLK GQPGLPGPSG QPGLYGPPGL 
    HGFPGAPGQE GPLGLPGIPG REGLPGDRGD PGDTGAPGPV GMKGLSGDRG DAGFTGEQGH 
    PGSPGFKGID GMPGTPGLKG DRGSPGMDGF QGMPGLKGRP GFPGSKGEAG FFGIPGLKGL 
    AGEPGFKGSR GDPGPPGPPP VILPGMKDIK GEKGDEGPMG LKGYLGAKGI QGMPGIPGLS 
    GIPGLPGRPG HIKGVKGDIG VPGIPGLPGF PGVAGPPGIT GFPGFIGSRG DKGAPGRAGL 
    YGEIGATGDF GDIGDTINLP GRPGLKGERG TTGIPGLKGF FGEKGTEGDI GFPGITGVTG 
    VQGPPGLKGQ TGFPGLTGPP GSQGELGRIG LPGGKGDDGW PGAPGLPGFP GLRGIRGLHG 
    LPGTKGFPGS PGSDIHGDPG FPGPPGERGD PGEANTLPGP VGVPGQKGDQ GAPGERGPPG 
    SPGLQGFPGI TPPSNISGAP GDKGAPGIFG LKGYRGPPGP PGSAALPGSK GDTGNPGAPG 
    TPGTKGWAGD SGPQGRPGVF GLPGEKGPRG EQGFMGNTGP TGAVGDRGPK GPKGDPGFPG 
    APGTVGAPGI AGIPQKIAVQ PGTVGPQGRR GPPGAPGEMG PQGPPGEPGF RGAPGKAGPQ 
    GRGGVSAVPG FRGDEGPIGH QGPIGQEGAP GRPGSPGLPG MPGRSVSIGY LLVKHSQTDQ 
    EPMCPVGMNK LWSGYSLLYF EGQEKAHNQD LGLAGSCLAR FSTMPFLYCN PGDVCYYASR 
    NDKSYWLSTT APLPMMPVAE DEIKPYISRC SVCEAPAIAI AVHSQDVSIP HCPAGWRSLW 
    IGYSFLMHTA AGDEGGGQSL VSPGSCLEDF RATPFIECNG GRGTCHYYAN KYSFWLTTIP 
    EQSFQGSPSA DTLKAGLIRT HISRCQVCMK NL