Details for: COL8A2

Gene ID: 1296

Symbol: COL8A2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171812

Description: collagen type VIII alpha 2 chain

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 37.5454
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 23.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 4.7366
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 2.6824
    Cell Significance Index: 38.9500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 1.4825
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 1.3155
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8700
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 0.9715
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0400
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 0.9230
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: chondroblast (CL0000058)
    Fold Change: 0.9148
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3700
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: 0.3482
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2160
    Cell Significance Index: 27.6900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.1584
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.1106
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1091
    Cell Significance Index: 48.2400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.0717
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4000
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: 0.0684
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0400
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0460
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0410
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0290
    Cell Significance Index: 13.1700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0253
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0249
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0005
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0071
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0123
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9100
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0192
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0225
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0358
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1200
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0416
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0476
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0478
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0515
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0585
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0601
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0700
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0743
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0809
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0892
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0000
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0922
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0956
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: -0.0960
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1026
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1114
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1203
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1216
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.1239
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1241
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1263
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6300
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: -0.1286
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1323
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1361
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7300
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.1387
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1403
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1445
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1513
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1559
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1568
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1588
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1612
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5300
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.1694
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1400
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: -0.1711
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.1729
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1735
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.1763
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1765
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1767
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1840
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1962
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1966
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9100
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1976
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9300
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.1998
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.2055
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.2065
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1500
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.2138
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3500
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.2163
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.2166
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6300
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: -0.2208
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2218
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3300
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: -0.2232
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2290
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Structure:** COL8A2 is a non-fibrillar collagen composed of two alpha chains, each with a unique sequence of amino acids. Its assembly is characterized by the formation of a homodimeric structure, which is critical for its function in the ECM. 2. **Expression:** COL8A2 is highly expressed in various cell types, including corneal endothelial cells, kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells, and goblet cells. Its expression is also observed in other tissues, such as the brain, kidney, and lung. 3. **Function:** COL8A2 plays a crucial role in maintaining ECM organization and structure. It interacts with other ECM components, including collagen type IV, laminin, and fibronectin, to form a stable network that supports cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. 4. **Pathways:** COL8A2 is involved in multiple cellular pathways, including angiogenesis, cell-cell adhesion, and ECM organization. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and ocular disorders. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Angiogenesis:** COL8A2 plays a critical role in angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation. Its expression is induced in endothelial cells in response to angiogenic stimuli, and it interacts with other ECM components to regulate endothelial cell migration and tube formation. 2. **Assembly of Collagen Fibrils:** COL8A2 is involved in the assembly of collagen fibrils, which are critical for maintaining tissue structure and function. Its assembly is characterized by the formation of a homodimeric structure, which is essential for its function in the ECM. 3. **Cell-Cell Adhesion:** COL8A2 interacts with other ECM components to regulate cell-cell adhesion. Its expression is induced in cells in response to adhesion stimuli, and it plays a critical role in maintaining tissue integrity and function. 4. **ECM Organization:** COL8A2 plays a crucial role in maintaining ECM organization and structure. Its expression is critical for regulating the assembly and organization of ECM components, including collagen type IV, laminin, and fibronectin. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** Dysregulation of COL8A2 has been implicated in various cancers, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. Its expression is often upregulated in tumor cells, and it plays a critical role in regulating cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. 2. **Fibrosis:** COL8A2 is involved in the development of fibrosis, a condition characterized by the excessive deposition of ECM components. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various fibrotic diseases, including liver, kidney, and lung disease. 3. **Ocular Disorders:** COL8A2 is critical for maintaining ocular tissue integrity and function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various ocular disorders, including glaucoma, cataract, and age-related macular degeneration. 4. **Neurological Disorders:** COL8A2 is involved in the development of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Its dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases, and it plays a critical role in regulating ECM organization and structure. In conclusion, COL8A2 is a critical component of the extracellular matrix that plays a vital role in maintaining tissue structure and function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and ocular disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of COL8A2 in maintaining tissue integrity and function, and to develop therapeutic strategies for targeting its dysregulation in disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3812838396

Symbol: CO8A2_HUMAN

Name: Collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 2019595

Title: The alpha 2(VIII) collagen gene. A novel member of the short chain collagen family located on the human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 2019595

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(20)89508-8

PubMed ID: 1515454

Title: Cleavage of type VIII collagen by human neutrophil elastase.

PubMed ID: 1515454

DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(92)90103-t

PubMed ID: 10686422

Title: The alpha1(VIII) and alpha2(VIII) collagen chains form two distinct homotrimeric proteins in vivo.

PubMed ID: 10686422

DOI: 10.1016/s0945-053x(99)00053-0

PubMed ID: 14990571

Title: Expression and supramolecular assembly of recombinant alpha1(viii) and alpha2(viii) collagen homotrimers.

PubMed ID: 14990571

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305805200

PubMed ID: 17888087

Title: Collagen type VIII expression in human diabetic nephropathy.

PubMed ID: 17888087

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01864.x

PubMed ID: 11689488

Title: Missense mutations in COL8A2, the gene encoding the alpha-2 chain of type VIII collagen, cause two forms of corneal endothelial dystrophy.

PubMed ID: 11689488

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.21.2415

PubMed ID: 15175909

Title: Analysis of COL8A2 gene mutation in Japanese patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and posterior polymorphous dystrophy.

PubMed ID: 15175909

DOI: 10.1007/s10384-003-0063-6

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 703
  • Mass: 67244
  • Checksum: 84BD7CBDBDECD466
  • Sequence:
  • MLGTLTPLSS LLLLLLVLVL GCGPRASSGG GAGGAAGYAP VKYIQPMQKG PVGPPFREGK 
    GQYLEMPLPL LPMDLKGEPG PPGKPGPRGP PGPPGFPGKP GMGKPGLHGQ PGPAGPPGFS 
    RMGKAGPPGL PGKVGPPGQP GLRGEPGIRG DQGLRGPPGP PGLPGPSGIT IPGKPGAQGV 
    PGPPGFQGEP GPQGEPGPPG DRGLKGDNGV GQPGLPGAPG QGGAPGPPGL PGPAGLGKPG 
    LDGLPGAPGD KGESGPPGVP GPRGEPGAVG PKGPPGVDGV GVPGAAGLPG PQGPSGAKGE 
    PGTRGPPGLI GPTGYGMPGL PGPKGDRGPA GVPGLLGDRG EPGEDGEPGE QGPQGLGGPP 
    GLPGSAGLPG RRGPPGPKGE AGPGGPPGVP GIRGDQGPSG LAGKPGVPGE RGLPGAHGPP 
    GPTGPKGEPG FTGRPGGPGV AGALGQKGDL GLPGQPGLRG PSGIPGLQGP AGPIGPQGLP 
    GLKGEPGLPG PPGEGRAGEP GTAGPTGPPG VPGSPGITGP PGPPGPPGPP GAPGAFDETG 
    IAGLHLPNGG VEGAVLGKGG KPQFGLGELS AHATPAFTAV LTSPFPASGM PVKFDRTLYN 
    GHSGYNPATG IFTCPVGGVY YFAYHVHVKG TNVWVALYKN NVPATYTYDE YKKGYLDQAS 
    GGAVLQLRPN DQVWVQMPSD QANGLYSTEY IHSSFSGFLL CPT

Genular Protein ID: 3602165902

Symbol: E9PP49_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 638
  • Mass: 60707
  • Checksum: EA6328BCD8888E45
  • Sequence:
  • MPLPLLPMDL KGEPGPPGKP GPRGPPGPPG FPGKPGMGKP GLHGQPGPAG PPGFSRMGKA 
    GPPGLPGKVG PPGQPGLRGE PGIRGDQGLR GPPGPPGLPG PSGITIPGKP GAQGVPGPPG 
    FQGEPGPQGE PGPPGDRGLK GDNGVGQPGL PGAPGQGGAP GPPGLPGPAG LGKPGLDGLP 
    GAPGDKGESG PPGVPGPRGE PGAVGPKGPP GVDGVGVPGA AGLPGPQGPS GAKGEPGTRG 
    PPGLIGPTGY GMPGLPGPKG DRGPAGVPGL LGDRGEPGED GEPGEQGPQG LGGPPGLPGS 
    AGLPGRRGPP GPKGEAGPGG PPGVPGIRGD QGPSGLAGKP GVPGERGLPG AHGPPGPTGP 
    KGEPGFTGRP GGPGVAGALG QKGDLGLPGQ PGLRGPSGIP GLQGPAGPIG PQGLPGLKGE 
    PGLPGPPGEG RAGEPGTAGP TGPPGVPGSP GITGPPGPPG PPGPPGAPGA FDETGIAGLH 
    LPNGGVEGAV LGKGGKPQFG LGELSAHATP AFTAVLTSPF PASGMPVKFD RTLYNGHSGY 
    NPATGIFTCP VGGVYYFAYH VHVKGTNVWV ALYKNNVPAT YTYDEYKKGY LDQASGGAVL 
    QLRPNDQVWV QMPSDQANGL YSTEYIHSSF SGFLLCPT

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.