Details for: CRYM

Gene ID: 1428

Symbol: CRYM

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000103316

Description: crystallin mu

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 95.6635
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 59.3353
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 12.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8500
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 5.8122
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5700
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 3.1113
    Cell Significance Index: 75.3700
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 2.2404
    Cell Significance Index: 23.1100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 1.4812
    Cell Significance Index: 56.0900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.3468
    Cell Significance Index: 270.1700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 1.2459
    Cell Significance Index: 55.1100
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 1.1103
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.9989
    Cell Significance Index: 51.8900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.9422
    Cell Significance Index: 102.4900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.9409
    Cell Significance Index: 72.2100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.9132
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.8577
    Cell Significance Index: 139.5000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.8365
    Cell Significance Index: 23.8700
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.8334
    Cell Significance Index: 50.0300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5328
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.5280
    Cell Significance Index: 36.5200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 0.3600
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.3429
    Cell Significance Index: 23.0600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3390
    Cell Significance Index: 64.5100
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.3203
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9500
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023043)
    Fold Change: 0.2830
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.1947
    Cell Significance Index: 38.6400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1914
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1657
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.1373
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1255
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7200
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 0.0914
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0764
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0749
    Cell Significance Index: 26.8800
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0743
    Cell Significance Index: 51.4100
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0721
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4300
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: 6.9700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0471
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: 24.0800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0418
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5700
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: 0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: 39.2200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0102
    Cell Significance Index: 19.2500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0250
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0456
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0520
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0693
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0753
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0830
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0854
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.0867
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0906
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0983
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1008
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: salivary gland glandular cell (CL1001596)
    Fold Change: -0.1078
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1160
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.1217
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1221
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1288
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1390
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1395
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1411
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1621
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
  • Cell Name: L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023042)
    Fold Change: -0.1668
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1738
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.1787
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1796
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1829
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1830
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.1870
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3200
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland (CL4033037)
    Fold Change: -0.1917
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.2019
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2086
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5500
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.2129
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2162
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2246
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7000
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.2307
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2427
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8800
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.2613
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3500
  • Cell Name: lung secretory cell (CL1000272)
    Fold Change: -0.2653
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.2822
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.2895
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2951
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8700
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.3064
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6900
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.3073
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.3093
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.3172
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **Lens-specific expression**: The CRYM gene is primarily expressed in the lens of the eye, where it plays a critical role in maintaining lens transparency and refractive index. 2. **Crystallin family member**: CRYM is a member of the crystallin family, which consists of α, β, γ, and μ-crystallins. Each member has distinct functions and structures, contributing to the unique properties of the lens. 3. **Diverse cellular expression**: CRYM is expressed in various cell types, including granulosa cells, Mueller cells, and different types of neurons, suggesting its involvement in multiple cellular processes. 4. **Protein binding and homodimerization**: The CRYM protein exhibits protein binding and homodimerization activities, which may be essential for its function in the lens. **Pathways and Functions** 1. **Lysine catabolism**: CRYM is involved in the lysine catabolic process, which is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis in the lens. 2. **Thyroid hormone metabolism**: The CRYM protein has been implicated in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, which may influence lens development and function. 3. **Protein homeostasis**: CRYM plays a role in maintaining protein homeostasis in the lens by regulating protein synthesis and degradation. 4. **Transcription regulation**: The CRYM protein acts as a transcription corepressor, regulating the expression of genes involved in lens development and function. 5. **Sensory perception of sound**: CRYM has been identified as a component of the auditory system, suggesting a role in sensory perception. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Cataract formation**: Mutations in the CRYM gene have been associated with cataract formation, highlighting its importance in lens transparency and refractive index. 2. **Lens opacification**: Abnormal expression or function of CRYM may contribute to lens opacification, leading to vision impairment. 3. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: The involvement of CRYM in neuronal function and sensory perception suggests its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 4. **Thyroid hormone regulation**: Dysregulation of thyroid hormone metabolism may influence lens development and function, potentially leading to cataract formation or other ocular disorders. In conclusion, the CRYM gene plays a critical role in maintaining lens transparency and refractive index, and its dysregulation may contribute to various ocular and neurodegenerative disorders. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the functions and clinical significance of this gene.

Genular Protein ID: 3290859729

Symbol: CRYM_HUMAN

Name: Ketimine reductase mu-crystallin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9285773

Title: Two roles for mu-crystallin: a lens structural protein in diurnal marsupials and a possible enzyme in mammalian retinas.

PubMed ID: 9285773

PubMed ID: 9328354

Title: Purification, molecular cloning, and functional expression of the human nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-regulated thyroid hormone-binding protein.

PubMed ID: 9328354

DOI: 10.1210/mend.11.11.9915

PubMed ID: 10493829

Title: Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q.

PubMed ID: 10493829

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5927

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 15616553

Title: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.

PubMed ID: 15616553

DOI: 10.1038/nature03187

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1384048

Title: Mu-crystallin is a mammalian homologue of Agrobacterium ornithine cyclodeaminase and is expressed in human retina.

PubMed ID: 1384048

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.19.9292

PubMed ID: 12471561

Title: Identification of CRYM as a candidate responsible for nonsyndromic deafness, through cDNA microarray analysis of human cochlear and vestibular tissues.

PubMed ID: 12471561

DOI: 10.1086/345398

PubMed ID: 21332720

Title: Mammalian forebrain ketimine reductase identified as mu-crystallin; potential regulation by thyroid hormones.

PubMed ID: 21332720

DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07220.x

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 17242435

Title: Crystal structure of human micro-crystallin complexed with NADPH.

PubMed ID: 17242435

DOI: 10.1110/ps.062556907

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 314
  • Mass: 33776
  • Checksum: A49D316B41CE6648
  • Sequence:
  • MSRVPAFLSA AEVEEHLRSS SLLIPPLETA LANFSSGPEG GVMQPVRTVV PVTKHRGYLG 
    VMPAYSAAED ALTTKLVTFY EDRGITSVVP SHQATVLLFE PSNGTLLAVM DGNVITAKRT 
    AAVSAIATKF LKPPSSEVLC ILGAGVQAYS HYEIFTEQFS FKEVRIWNRT KENAEKFADT 
    VQGEVRVCSS VQEAVAGADV IITVTLATEP ILFGEWVKPG AHINAVGASR PDWRELDDEL 
    MKEAVLYVDS QEAALKESGD VLLSGAEIFA ELGEVIKGVK PAHCEKTTVF KSLGMAVEDT 
    VAAKLIYDSW SSGK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.