Details for: CSF2

Gene ID: 1437

Symbol: CSF2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164400

Description: colony stimulating factor 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: 4.0005
    Cell Significance Index: 44.7100
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 1.0856
    Cell Significance Index: 12.8300
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 1.0163
    Cell Significance Index: 13.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.9911
    Cell Significance Index: 113.5500
  • Cell Name: T-helper 1 cell (CL0000545)
    Fold Change: 0.5624
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.5261
    Cell Significance Index: 15.4500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.5164
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.5017
    Cell Significance Index: 371.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.4492
    Cell Significance Index: 76.7100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 0.4095
    Cell Significance Index: 86.2500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.3145
    Cell Significance Index: 177.3900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0923
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0666
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0179
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0098
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0203
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0232
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0254
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9500
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0395
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0430
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0507
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0597
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0635
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0650
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0724
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0727
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0770
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: -0.0833
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0838
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.0845
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.0859
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0898
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: perivascular cell (CL4033054)
    Fold Change: -0.0931
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0971
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0975
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5800
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: -0.1118
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1240
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1329
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.1397
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.1409
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1491
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: -0.1508
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: T-helper 17 cell (CL0000899)
    Fold Change: -0.1520
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1521
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4800
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.1564
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6300
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.1628
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.1655
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1500
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.1680
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: -0.1723
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1770
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: Langerhans cell (CL0000453)
    Fold Change: -0.1815
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1881
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.1938
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3000
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: -0.2122
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2134
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.2180
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5300
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.2232
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.2245
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.2332
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.2353
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3700
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: -0.2379
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2462
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.2467
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.2493
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.2500
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.2628
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: -0.2679
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.2703
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1100
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.2722
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8100
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.2754
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0000
  • Cell Name: suprabasal keratinocyte (CL4033013)
    Fold Change: -0.2755
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4300
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.2771
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.2779
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.2830
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.2854
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5700
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.2865
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6200
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7900
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.2909
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2400
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.2917
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: -0.2920
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.2937
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6100
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.2977
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Structure:** CSF2 is a 14-kDa glycoprotein composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, which are linked by a disulfide bond. 2. **Receptor:** CSF2 binds to its receptor, GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR), which is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, expressed on the surface of myeloid cells. 3. **Function:** CSF2 promotes the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of myeloid cells, including granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. 4. **Expression:** CSF2 is expressed in various tissues, including the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes, and is induced in response to inflammatory stimuli. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Myeloid Cell Development:** CSF2 plays a crucial role in the development and differentiation of myeloid cells, including granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. 2. **Immune Response:** CSF2 is essential for the activation and maturation of dendritic cells, which are critical for the initiation of immune responses. 3. **Cell Proliferation:** CSF2 promotes the proliferation of myeloid cells, including granulocytes and macrophages, in response to inflammatory stimuli. 4. **Survival:** CSF2 protects myeloid cells from apoptosis and promotes their survival, ensuring the maintenance of a functional immune system. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** CSF2 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors, where it promotes tumor growth and metastasis. 2. **Autoimmune Diseases:** CSF2 is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, where it promotes inflammation and tissue damage. 3. **Infectious Diseases:** CSF2 is essential for the clearance of infections, including bacterial and viral infections, where it promotes the activation and function of myeloid cells. 4. **Immunodeficiency Diseases:** CSF2 deficiency or dysfunction can lead to immunodeficiency diseases, such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), where the immune system is impaired due to a lack of functional myeloid cells. In conclusion, CSF2 is a critical cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the development, differentiation, and function of myeloid cells, and its dysregulation can lead to various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency diseases. Further research is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of CSF2 and its role in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3032058552

Symbol: CSF2_HUMAN

Name: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P04141 Q14CE8 Q2VPI8 Q8NFI6

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EMBL 11 EMDB 1 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 36 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 10 PDBsum 10 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 5 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3925454

Title: Isolation of cDNA for a human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by functional expression in mammalian cells.

PubMed ID: 3925454

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.13.4360

PubMed ID: 3486413

Title: Genomic cloning, characterization, and multilineage growth-promoting activity of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

PubMed ID: 3486413

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.10.3101

PubMed ID: 3898082

Title: Cloning, sequence, and expression of a human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

PubMed ID: 3898082

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.18.6250

PubMed ID: 3923623

Title: Human GM-CSF: molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombinant proteins.

PubMed ID: 3923623

DOI: 10.1126/science.3923623

PubMed ID: 3876930

Title: Structure of the chromosomal gene for granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor: comparison of the mouse and human genes.

PubMed ID: 3876930

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03971.x

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1737041

Title: Role of carbohydrate modification in the production and secretion of human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in genetically engineered and normal mesenchymal cells.

PubMed ID: 1737041

DOI: 10.1021/bi00121a042

PubMed ID: 1837174

Title: Novel fold and putative receptor binding site of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

PubMed ID: 1837174

DOI: 10.1126/science.1837174

PubMed ID: 1569568

Title: Three-dimensional structure of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

PubMed ID: 1569568

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90470-5

PubMed ID: 18692472

Title: The structure of the GM-CSF receptor complex reveals a distinct mode of cytokine receptor activation.

PubMed ID: 18692472

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.05.053

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 144
  • Mass: 16295
  • Checksum: 75D1E50506BCA7A8
  • Sequence:
    • MWLQSLLLLG TVACSISAPA RSPSPSTQPW EHVNAIQEAR RLLNLSRDTA AEMNETVEVI 
SEMFDLQEPT CLQTRLELYK QGLRGSLTKL KGPLTMMASH YKQHCPPTPE TSCATQIITF 
ESFKENLKDF LLVIPFDCWE PVQE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.