Details for: CST3

Gene ID: 1471

Symbol: CST3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000101439

Description: cystatin C

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: 5.11
    Marker Score: 4087
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 4.95
    Marker Score: 9033
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: 4.62
    Marker Score: 3038
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 4.51
    Marker Score: 252199
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 4.25
    Marker Score: 27102
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 4.15
    Marker Score: 3534
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 4.11
    Marker Score: 9373
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lung (CL0000082)
    Fold Change: 4.04
    Marker Score: 21220
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 4.02
    Marker Score: 4298
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 3.98
    Marker Score: 10654
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: 3.93
    Marker Score: 4492
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 3.91
    Marker Score: 2023
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 3.9
    Marker Score: 2753
  • Cell Name: type I pneumocyte (CL0002062)
    Fold Change: 3.82
    Marker Score: 4607
  • Cell Name: supporting cell (CL0000630)
    Fold Change: 3.72
    Marker Score: 6982
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 3.67
    Marker Score: 8317
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: 3.64
    Marker Score: 8791
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 3.61
    Marker Score: 1245
  • Cell Name: colon epithelial cell (CL0011108)
    Fold Change: 3.61
    Marker Score: 11338.5
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 3.58
    Marker Score: 23318
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: 3.57
    Marker Score: 9348
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 3.52
    Marker Score: 5605.5
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 3.52
    Marker Score: 8605
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 3.5
    Marker Score: 8832
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: 3.5
    Marker Score: 1512
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002397)
    Fold Change: 3.49
    Marker Score: 6797
  • Cell Name: intestine goblet cell (CL0019031)
    Fold Change: 3.46
    Marker Score: 3319
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 3.45
    Marker Score: 117497
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 3.42
    Marker Score: 5605.5
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 3.41
    Marker Score: 20236
  • Cell Name: lung secretory cell (CL1000272)
    Fold Change: 3.41
    Marker Score: 3039
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 3.4
    Marker Score: 1415
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 3.35
    Marker Score: 3231
  • Cell Name: bronchus fibroblast of lung (CL2000093)
    Fold Change: 3.34
    Marker Score: 4586
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: 3.33
    Marker Score: 1069
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 3.32
    Marker Score: 1390
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: 3.3
    Marker Score: 8559
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 3.3
    Marker Score: 11715
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 3.29
    Marker Score: 24496
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell (CL0000313)
    Fold Change: 3.29
    Marker Score: 1312
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 3.29
    Marker Score: 3287.5
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 3.26
    Marker Score: 15667
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 3.22
    Marker Score: 12421
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial goblet cell (CL0019003)
    Fold Change: 3.22
    Marker Score: 882
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 3.21
    Marker Score: 111088
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: 3.21
    Marker Score: 7987
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 3.19
    Marker Score: 801
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 3.18
    Marker Score: 24814.5
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 3.17
    Marker Score: 1363
  • Cell Name: basophil (CL0000767)
    Fold Change: 3.14
    Marker Score: 1493
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 3.14
    Marker Score: 27243
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 3.13
    Marker Score: 3176
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 3.13
    Marker Score: 1823
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 3.1
    Marker Score: 6183
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: 3.09
    Marker Score: 2434
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial cell (CL1000500)
    Fold Change: 3.06
    Marker Score: 2176
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 3.03
    Marker Score: 5126.5
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 3.03
    Marker Score: 77546
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 3.02
    Marker Score: 957
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: 3.02
    Marker Score: 3523
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: 3.02
    Marker Score: 2099
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: 3.01
    Marker Score: 4992
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: 3
    Marker Score: 3905
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 2.99
    Marker Score: 1546
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: 2.98
    Marker Score: 1559
  • Cell Name: reticular cell (CL0000432)
    Fold Change: 2.97
    Marker Score: 1083
  • Cell Name: capillary endothelial cell (CL0002144)
    Fold Change: 2.93
    Marker Score: 3153
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 2.92
    Marker Score: 32924
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Marker Score: 2525
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Marker Score: 12547
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of breast (CL4006000)
    Fold Change: 2.88
    Marker Score: 1644
  • Cell Name: alternatively activated macrophage (CL0000890)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 1197
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 4607
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 2.86
    Marker Score: 1884
  • Cell Name: eurydendroid cell (CL0000253)
    Fold Change: 2.84
    Marker Score: 1161
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 2.84
    Marker Score: 24458
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 2.82
    Marker Score: 1315
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 2.81
    Marker Score: 1446
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 2.8
    Marker Score: 2973
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Marker Score: 1378
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Marker Score: 1039
  • Cell Name: myofibroblast cell (CL0000186)
    Fold Change: 2.78
    Marker Score: 3437
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 2.77
    Marker Score: 1620
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 2.76
    Marker Score: 32136
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 2.73
    Marker Score: 1799
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Marker Score: 2868
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Marker Score: 16503
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 11277
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 3824
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 2.7
    Marker Score: 4160
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 2.65
    Marker Score: 1257
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 2.65
    Marker Score: 596
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial serous cell (CL0019001)
    Fold Change: 2.63
    Marker Score: 962
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: 2.6
    Marker Score: 1341
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 2030
  • Cell Name: vein endothelial cell (CL0002543)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 2342
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 1776
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate (CL1000299)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 644
  • Cell Name: pulmonary artery endothelial cell (CL1001568)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Marker Score: 2222
  • Cell Name: granulocyte (CL0000094)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Marker Score: 1155

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Other Information

## Summary Cystatin C is a protein that acts as a cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor, with important roles in various physiological and pathological processes. It is expressed in a broad range of cell types, including immune cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. ## Key characteristics * **Function:** Cystatin C is a cysteine endopeptidase inhibitor that can prevent the activity of metallopeptidases, which are enzymes that break down proteins. * **Expression:** Cystatin C is highly expressed in early promyelocyte, secretory cell, mature astrocyte, CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte, foveolar cell of stomach, fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate, acinar cell of salivary gland, epithelial cell of lung, skeletal muscle satellite stem cell, and kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell. * **Protein structure:** Cystatin C is a globular protein with a molecular weight of approximately 60 kDa. * **Isoforms:** Cystatin C has multiple isoforms, including a full-length protein and several truncated variants. ## Pathways and functions Cystatin C has several important roles in the body, including: * **Amyloid-beta binding:** Cystatin C can bind to amyloid-beta plaques in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which are a hallmark protein of the disease. This binding prevents the aggregation of amyloid-beta plaques and reduces the risk of neurodegeneration. * **Cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity:** Cystatin C is a cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor that can prevent the activity of metallopeptidases, which are enzymes that break down proteins. This helps to maintain the proper balance of proteins in the body and prevents the degradation of important proteins. * **Defense response:** Cystatin C can also act as a defense response protein, binding to pathogens and signaling the immune system to respond. * **Endopeptidase inhibitor activity:** Cystatin C can also act as an endopeptidase inhibitor, which can help to protect cells from damage by proteases. * **Immune system:** Cystatin C is a key protein in the immune system, where it helps to regulate the activity of immune cells and prevents the overactivation of immune responses. ## Clinical significance Cystatin C has been shown to be a potential therapeutic target for a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and cancer. By inhibiting the activity of cystatin C, these diseases could potentially be treated.

Genular Protein ID: 2360737090

Symbol: CYTC_HUMAN

Name: Cystatin-C

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P01034 B2R5J9 D3DW42 Q6FGW9

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGE 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 17 EPD 1 Ensembl 3 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 26 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 5 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 13 PDBsum 11 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 UCD-2DPAGE 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3495457

Title: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA coding for the precursor of the human cysteine proteinase inhibitor cystatin C.

PubMed ID: 3495457

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80695-6

PubMed ID: 2764935

Title: The human cystatin C gene (CST3) is a member of the cystatin gene family which is localized on chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 2764935

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)90818-8

PubMed ID: 2541223

Title: Stroke in Icelandic patients with hereditary amyloid angiopathy is related to a mutation in the cystatin C gene, an inhibitor of cysteine proteases.

PubMed ID: 2541223

DOI: 10.1084/jem.169.5.1771

PubMed ID: 2363674

Title: Structure and expression of the human cystatin C gene.

PubMed ID: 2363674

DOI: 10.1042/bj2680287

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 6283552

Title: Human gamma-trace, a basic microprotein: amino acid sequence and presence in the adenohypophysis.

PubMed ID: 6283552

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.79.9.3024

PubMed ID: 6365094

Title: Human cystatin, a new protein inhibitor of cysteine proteinases.

PubMed ID: 6365094

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)91073-8

PubMed ID: 6662498

Title: Protein inhibitors of cysteine proteinases. III. Amino-acid sequence of cystatin from chicken egg white.

PubMed ID: 6662498

DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1983.364.2.1487

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 15274116

Title: Cystatin C as a potential cerebrospinal fluid marker for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

PubMed ID: 15274116

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300799

PubMed ID: 16635487

Title: A dual Golgi- and mitochondria-localised Ala25Ser precursor cystatin C: an additional tool for characterising intracellular mis-localisation leading to increased AMD susceptibility.

PubMed ID: 16635487

DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2006.01.030

PubMed ID: 19838169

Title: Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification.

PubMed ID: 19838169

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1392

PubMed ID: 20189825

Title: Confident assignment of intact mass tags to human salivary cystatins using top-down Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 20189825

DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.01.025

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22905912

Title: Resveratrol-induced changes of the human adipocyte secretion profile.

PubMed ID: 22905912

DOI: 10.1021/pr300539b

PubMed ID: 26091039

Title: A single kinase generates the majority of the secreted phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 26091039

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.028

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 11276250

Title: Human cystatin C, an amyloidogenic protein, dimerizes through three-dimensional domain swapping.

PubMed ID: 11276250

DOI: 10.1038/86188

PubMed ID: 16170782

Title: 3D domain-swapped human cystatin C with amyloid-like intermolecular beta-sheets.

PubMed ID: 16170782

DOI: 10.1002/prot.20633

PubMed ID: 1352269

Title: Hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy: identification of the disease-causing mutation and specific diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction based analysis.

PubMed ID: 1352269

DOI: 10.1007/bf00194306

PubMed ID: 11815350

Title: CST3 genotype associated with exudative age related macular degeneration.

PubMed ID: 11815350

DOI: 10.1136/bjo.86.2.214

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 146
  • Mass: 15799
  • Checksum: 75EF049CAE2E8B2B
  • Sequence:
    • MAGPLRAPLL LLAILAVALA VSPAAGSSPG KPPRLVGGPM DASVEEEGVR RALDFAVGEY 
NKASNDMYHS RALQVVRARK QIVAGVNYFL DVELGRTTCT KTQPNLDNCP FHDQPHLKRK 
AFCSFQIYAV PWQGTMTLSK STCQDA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.