Details for: CST5

Gene ID: 1473

Symbol: CST5

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000170367

Description: cystatin D

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: salivary gland glandular cell (CL1001596)
    Fold Change: 45.1719
    Cell Significance Index: 251.4300
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: 41.6721
    Cell Significance Index: 869.1000
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 12.7577
    Cell Significance Index: 176.4000
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 3.3347
    Cell Significance Index: 43.1500
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 2.3532
    Cell Significance Index: 32.2700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 2.2567
    Cell Significance Index: 38.5800
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 1.0302
    Cell Significance Index: 24.9600
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.6005
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3000
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0664
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.0584
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0005
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002324)
    Fold Change: -0.0430
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0540
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9500
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell (CL0000185)
    Fold Change: -0.0758
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0784
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: -0.0925
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: -0.0976
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: -0.1055
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1133
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: -0.1158
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1230
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.1233
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: -0.1758
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.1892
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: chondroblast (CL0000058)
    Fold Change: -0.2032
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: -0.2086
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2466
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.3016
    Cell Significance Index: -60.5000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3221
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.3272
    Cell Significance Index: -44.9300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3344
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3565
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5000
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.4222
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.4674
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2900
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.4764
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5057
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6100
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.5214
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5700
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.5245
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: -0.5460
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.5489
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.5826
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7500
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.6178
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.6473
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.7039
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6000
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: -0.7113
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.7243
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.7304
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4600
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.7517
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9900
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.7548
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0300
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: -0.7622
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8600
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.7759
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0500
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: -0.7994
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1700
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: -0.8146
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil (CL0000775)
    Fold Change: -0.8397
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4900
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: -0.8414
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2000
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.8434
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7100
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: -0.8481
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: -0.8539
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.8560
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5300
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: -0.8638
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8100
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: -0.8806
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2500
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.8833
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.8915
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4300
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage (CL1000695)
    Fold Change: -0.8960
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1600
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.8978
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6000
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.8991
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.9048
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: -0.9086
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: -0.9124
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0600
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.9293
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4700
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.9497
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9200
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell (CL0000319)
    Fold Change: -0.9545
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7500
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: -0.9574
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6000
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.9631
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6900
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.9643
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2500
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: -0.9685
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: -0.9742
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5800
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: -0.9755
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell (CL1000909)
    Fold Change: -0.9785
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: -0.9835
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1000
  • Cell Name: capillary endothelial cell (CL0002144)
    Fold Change: -0.9903
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.9939
    Cell Significance Index: -51.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: -1.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -1.0325
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3100
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -1.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4900
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -1.0368
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1000
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -1.0434
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0800
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: -1.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: -1.0589
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3000
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell (CL0000077)
    Fold Change: -1.0641
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9400
  • Cell Name: lung neuroendocrine cell (CL1000223)
    Fold Change: -1.0788
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7000
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: -1.0849
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -1.0885
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3800
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: -1.0904
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** Cystatin D is a small, cysteine-rich protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10 kDa. It belongs to the cysteine proteinase inhibitor family, which inhibits cysteine proteases, enzymes involved in various cellular processes, including protein degradation, cell signaling, and inflammation. Cystatin D is characterized by its high affinity for cysteine proteases, such as cathepsins and granzymes, and its ability to regulate their activity in a cell-type specific manner. **Pathways and Functions:** Cystatin D is involved in several signaling pathways, including: 1. **Negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity**: Cystatin D inhibits the activity of cysteine proteases, preventing excessive protein degradation and promoting cellular homeostasis. 2. **Protein binding**: Cystatin D interacts with various proteins, modulating their activity and regulating cellular processes, such as cell signaling and adhesion. 3. **Extracellular exosome and extracellular region**: Cystatin D is secreted into the extracellular space, where it regulates proteolytic activity and modulates cellular communication. 4. **Cytoplasm and vesicle**: Cystatin D is also localized to the cytoplasm and vesicles, where it regulates protein degradation and cell signaling. **Clinical Significance:** The dysregulation of cystatin D has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Inflammatory disorders**: Cystatin D has been shown to regulate inflammatory responses, and its dysregulation may contribute to conditions such as arthritis and multiple sclerosis. 2. **Cancer**: Cystatin D has been found to inhibit the activity of granzymes, which are involved in tumor cell apoptosis. Its dysregulation may contribute to cancer progression. 3. **Neurological disorders**: Cystatin D has been implicated in the regulation of neural development and function, and its dysregulation may contribute to conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, cystatin D is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in regulating proteolytic activity and modulating cellular processes in various cell types. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of further research into the biological significance of CST5.

Genular Protein ID: 101515550

Symbol: CYTD_HUMAN

Name: Cystatin-D

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P28325 Q5JRF5 Q9UCA0

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1939105

Title: Structure and expression of the gene encoding cystatin D, a novel human cysteine proteinase inhibitor.

PubMed ID: 1939105

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54958-9

PubMed ID: 8340398

Title: Human cystatin D. cDNA cloning, characterization of the Escherichia coli expressed inhibitor, and identification of the native protein in saliva.

PubMed ID: 8340398

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82317-1

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8083219

Title: Structural and functional characterization of two allelic variants of human cystatin D sharing a characteristic inhibition spectrum against mammalian cysteine proteinases.

PubMed ID: 8083219

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)31633-2

PubMed ID: 20189825

Title: Confident assignment of intact mass tags to human salivary cystatins using top-down Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 20189825

DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.01.025

PubMed ID: 15728581

Title: Crystal structure of human cystatin D, a cysteine peptidase inhibitor with restricted inhibition profile.

PubMed ID: 15728581

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411914200

PubMed ID: 8444475

Title: A sequence variation in the human cystatin D gene resulting in an amino acid (Cys/Arg) polymorphism at the protein level.

PubMed ID: 8444475

DOI: 10.1007/bf00202491

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 142
  • Mass: 16080
  • Checksum: CEFA89BA87A0DA68
  • Sequence:
    • MMWPMHTPLL LLTALMVAVA GSASAQSRTL AGGIHATDLN DKSVQCALDF AISEYNKVIN 
KDEYYSRPLQ VMAAYQQIVG GVNYYFNVKF GRTTCTKSQP NLDNCPFNDQ PKLKEEEFCS 
FQINEVPWED KISILNYKCR KV

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.