Details for: CTBS

Gene ID: 1486

Symbol: CTBS

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117151

Description: chitobiase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 147.1598
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 83.8185
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2600
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 54.9898
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 52.9100
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9800
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 48.0962
    Cell Significance Index: -24.7400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 19.2302
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7100
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.6305
    Cell Significance Index: -23.1200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 7.6857
    Cell Significance Index: 126.6500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 6.6646
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 6.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8400
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 5.8440
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 2.2117
    Cell Significance Index: 359.7100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.3291
    Cell Significance Index: 61.9700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.2944
    Cell Significance Index: 140.7900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 1.0661
    Cell Significance Index: 19.7100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.8436
    Cell Significance Index: 22.6100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.6040
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5855
    Cell Significance Index: 319.7800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.5475
    Cell Significance Index: 98.7000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.5380
    Cell Significance Index: 66.1600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.5360
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4841
    Cell Significance Index: 33.4800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4678
    Cell Significance Index: 64.2400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.4626
    Cell Significance Index: 4.2600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4460
    Cell Significance Index: 44.1200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.3874
    Cell Significance Index: 24.9900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.3072
    Cell Significance Index: 19.3600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.2853
    Cell Significance Index: 57.2400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2737
    Cell Significance Index: 32.2800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.2325
    Cell Significance Index: 17.3300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2278
    Cell Significance Index: 29.2000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2276
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1971
    Cell Significance Index: 87.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1906
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1288
    Cell Significance Index: 24.5200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.1281
    Cell Significance Index: 115.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1266
    Cell Significance Index: 21.6200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.0928
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.0830
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0730
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0710
    Cell Significance Index: 49.1100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0692
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: 48.5100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.0580
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0434
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0233
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0300
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0311
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0463
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0465
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0560
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1000
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.0766
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0780
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0794
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0913
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1133
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1290
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6800
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.1353
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.1359
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1624
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1807
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1998
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.2099
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2240
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7400
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: -0.2250
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2266
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2306
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2634
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3152
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.3316
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3567
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.3658
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3675
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.4070
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.4291
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4300
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.4370
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.4464
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.5000
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6800
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.5115
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.5179
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.5232
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.5247
    Cell Significance Index: -19.2600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** CTBS is a member of the chitinase family, specifically belonging to the chitinase activity pathway. The gene is significantly expressed in various cell types, including alveolar macrophages, kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cells, and immune cells such as monocytes and macrophages. The CTBS protein is composed of two subunits, DIAC_HUMAN and Q8TC97_HUMAN, which are involved in the degradation of chitin. **Pathways and Functions:** Chitobiase plays a pivotal role in the catabolic process of chitin, a key polysaccharide found in various tissues. The CTBS enzyme is involved in the degradation of chitin in the extracellular space, lysosome, and oligosaccharide catabolic process. This process is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating inflammation. CTBS is also involved in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the context of fungal infections. **Clinical Significance:** CTBS has significant implications in various clinical contexts. For instance, its expression in alveolar macrophages suggests its role in the defense against fungal infections, such as aspergillosis. Additionally, CTBS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, including cancer and periodontal diseases. The gene's expression in kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cells highlights its potential role in maintaining renal function and regulating electrolyte balance. Furthermore, CTBS has been shown to be involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses. Its expression in monocytes and macrophages suggests its role in modulating the immune response to pathogens and tissue damage. In the context of periodontal diseases, CTBS has been implicated in the degradation of chitin in the extracellular matrix, contributing to disease progression. In conclusion, chitobiase (CTBS) is a gene that plays a critical role in the degradation of chitin, a key polysaccharide found in various tissues. Its expression in immune cells and tissues suggests its involvement in the regulation of immune responses, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the clinical significance of CTBS and its potential applications in the treatment of diseases. **Recommendations:** 1. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the specific mechanisms of CTBS in regulating immune responses and inflammation. 2. The role of CTBS in disease progression and pathogenesis should be investigated further, particularly in the context of fungal infections, cancer, and periodontal diseases. 3. The potential therapeutic applications of CTBS or its inhibitors should be explored, particularly in the context of immune-related disorders. By continuing to investigate the role of CTBS in immune response and disease progression, we can gain a deeper understanding of its significance and potential applications in the treatment of various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3153694949

Symbol: DIAC_HUMAN

Name: Di-N-acetylchitobiase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q01459 Q5VX50

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CAZy 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 13 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1527079

Title: Cloning and expression of the cDNA sequence encoding the lysosomal glycosidase di-N-acetylchitobiase.

PubMed ID: 1527079

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)41818-2

PubMed ID: 10336991

Title: Structure of the human gene for lysosomal di-N-acetylchitobiase.

PubMed ID: 10336991

DOI: 10.1093/glycob/9.6.589

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 385
  • Mass: 43760
  • Checksum: 0A9D14C8B26B52EE
  • Sequence:
    • MSRPQLRRWR LVSSPPSGVP GLALLALLAL LALRLAAGTD CPCPEPELCR PIRHHPDFEV 
FVFDVGQKTW KSYDWSQITT VATFGKYDSE LMCYAHSKGA RVVLKGDVSL KDIIDPAFRA 
SWIAQKLNLA KTQYMDGINI DIEQEVNCLS PEYDALTALV KETTDSFHRE IEGSQVTFDV 
AWSPKNIDRR CYNYTGIADA CDFLFVMSYD EQSQIWSECI AAANAPYNQT LTGYNDYIKM 
SINPKKLVMG VPWYGYDYTC LNLSEDHVCT IAKVPFRGAP CSDAAGRQVP YKTIMKQINS 
SISGNLWDKD QRAPYYNYKD PAGHFHQVWY DNPQSISLKA TYIQNYRLRG IGMWNANCLD 
YSGDAVAKQQ TEEMWEVLKP KLLQR

Genular Protein ID: 87567104

Symbol: Q8TC97_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8TC97

Database IDs:

AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 GO 4 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PeptideAtlas 1 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 105
  • Mass: 11757
  • Checksum: 8B6BD6451D354A5C
  • Sequence:
    • MSRPQLRRWR LVSSPPSGVP GLALLALLAL RLAAGTDCPC PEPELCRPIR HHPDFEVFVF 
DVGQKTWKSY DWSQITTVAT FGKYDSELMC YAHSKGARVV LKGNL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.