Details for: CTLA4

Gene ID: 1493

Symbol: CTLA4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163599

Description: cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 16.9351
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8800
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 3.1545
    Cell Significance Index: 31.6300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 3.0249
    Cell Significance Index: 46.8000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.5779
    Cell Significance Index: 46.3400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 1.3316
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0900
  • Cell Name: T follicular regulatory cell (CL0009113)
    Fold Change: 1.3155
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2400
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 0.4639
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8100
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.4611
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0826
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3100
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0155
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0179
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0223
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0317
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0325
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0331
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9600
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0331
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0437
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0100
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.0506
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0520
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9000
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.0565
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.0624
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0743
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0817
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0891
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0926
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0934
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1004
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.1033
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000624)
    Fold Change: -0.1037
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1117
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1207
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1311
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1351
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0200
  • Cell Name: regulatory T cell (CL0000815)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.1424
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1433
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6800
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: -0.1473
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1560
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1100
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1644
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1820
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6800
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1944
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.2025
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2119
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.2126
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4500
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2127
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2159
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2168
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2171
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2194
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2229
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2251
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2275
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: -0.2381
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0900
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.2454
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1200
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2458
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1400
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: -0.2565
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.2610
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3100
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.2645
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7400
  • Cell Name: naive regulatory T cell (CL0002677)
    Fold Change: -0.2645
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3800
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.2647
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2600
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2961
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001044)
    Fold Change: -0.2988
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.3000
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3200
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.3073
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.3091
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2900
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.3110
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.3197
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4200
  • Cell Name: T follicular helper cell (CL0002038)
    Fold Change: -0.3235
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4300
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.3262
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4500
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.3318
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5500
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: -0.3351
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: -0.3378
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: -0.3388
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.3414
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4800
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.3473
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7900
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.3576
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.3603
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.3606
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.3611
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9500
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.3664
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3600
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.3669
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: -0.3698
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.3699
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.3713
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5200
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.3717
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: -0.3722
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: -0.3804
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.3838
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4900
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.3888
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CTLA4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, consisting of four immunoglobulin-like domains. Its extracellular domain is essential for binding to B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) molecules on antigen-presenting cells, which in turn inhibits T-cell activation and proliferation. The intracellular domain of CTLA4 interacts with the inhibitory molecule CTLA4I, triggering a signaling cascade that suppresses T-cell activation and promotes anergy. CTLA4 is primarily expressed on activated T cells, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are essential for maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. **Pathways and Functions** CTLA4's primary function is to regulate T-cell activation and proliferation by competing with CD28 for binding to B7 molecules. This competition inhibits the activation of T cells, thereby preventing excessive or inappropriate immune activation. CTLA4 also interacts with other molecules, including CTLA4I, to regulate T-cell responses. The signaling pathways activated by CTLA4 include: 1. **Inhibitory signaling pathway**: CTLA4 interacts with CTLA4I, triggering a signaling cascade that suppresses T-cell activation and promotes anergy. 2. **Adaptive immune response pathway**: CTLA4 regulates T-cell activation and proliferation during the adaptive immune response. 3. **Costimulation pathway**: CTLA4 competes with CD28 for binding to B7 molecules, inhibiting costimulation and preventing excessive T-cell activation. **Clinical Significance** CTLA4's dysregulation has been implicated in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including: 1. **Rheumatoid arthritis**: CTLA4 polymorphisms have been associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. 2. **Multiple sclerosis**: CTLA4 has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, with CTLA4I mutations leading to impaired immune regulation. 3. **Type 1 diabetes**: CTLA4 polymorphisms have been associated with an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. 4. **Cancer**: CTLA4 has been shown to have a role in cancer immunosurveillance, with CTLA4I mutations leading to impaired immune regulation. Therapeutic strategies targeting CTLA4, such as CTLA4Ig (abatacept), have been developed to treat autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. These therapies work by blocking CTLA4's inhibitory signaling pathway, thereby enhancing T-cell activation and proliferation. However, the use of these therapies requires careful monitoring to prevent autoimmune complications.

Genular Protein ID: 3512610246

Symbol: CTLA4_HUMAN

Name: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P16410 A0N1S0 E9PDH0 O95653 Q0PP65 Q52MC1 Q53TD5 Q5S005 Q8WXJ1 Q96P43 Q9UKN9

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CPTC 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 3 DrugCentral 1 ELM 1 EMBL 14 Ensembl 3 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 15 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 11 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 6 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 20 PDBsum 20 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1713603

Title: CTLA-4 and CD28 activated lymphocyte molecules are closely related in both mouse and human as to sequence, message expression, gene structure, and chromosomal location.

PubMed ID: 1713603

PubMed ID: 11735222

Title: Assembly and annotation of human chromosome 2q33 sequence containing the CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS gene cluster: analysis by computational, comparative, and microarray approaches.

PubMed ID: 11735222

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2001.6655

PubMed ID: 18595775

Title: Identification of CTLA-4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing and their association with myasthenia gravis.

PubMed ID: 18595775

DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.05.006

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3220103

Title: Human Ig superfamily CTLA-4 gene: chromosomal localization and identity of protein sequence between murine and human CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domains.

PubMed ID: 3220103

DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830181206

PubMed ID: 10493833

Title: Complete sequence determination of the mouse and human CTLA4 gene loci: cross-species DNA sequence similarity beyond exon borders.

PubMed ID: 10493833

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5930

PubMed ID: 1714933

Title: CTLA-4 is a second receptor for the B cell activation antigen B7.

PubMed ID: 1714933

DOI: 10.1084/jem.174.3.561

PubMed ID: 9175836

Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation controls internalization of CTLA-4 by regulating its interaction with clathrin-associated adaptor complex AP-2.

PubMed ID: 9175836

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80346-5

PubMed ID: 9813138

Title: Resting lymphocyte kinase (Rlk/Txk) phosphorylates the YVKM motif and regulates PI 3-kinase binding to T-cell antigen CTLA-4.

PubMed ID: 9813138

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9559

PubMed ID: 10842319

Title: Janus kinase 2 is associated with a box 1-like motif and phosphorylates a critical tyrosine residue in the cytoplasmic region of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated molecule-4.

PubMed ID: 10842319

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(20000801)78:2<241::aid-jcb7>3.3.co;2-b

PubMed ID: 12724780

Title: Association of the T-cell regulatory gene CTLA4 with susceptibility to autoimmune disease.

PubMed ID: 12724780

DOI: 10.1038/nature01621

PubMed ID: 16002699

Title: Hierarchical regulation of CTLA-4 dimer-based lattice formation and its biological relevance for T cell inactivation.

PubMed ID: 16002699

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.2.996

PubMed ID: 16551244

Title: A molecular perspective of CTLA-4 function.

PubMed ID: 16551244

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090535

PubMed ID: 18468488

Title: CTLA-4 trafficking and surface expression.

PubMed ID: 18468488

DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2008.02.011

PubMed ID: 19426230

Title: The clinical utility of inhibiting CD28-mediated costimulation.

PubMed ID: 19426230

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00780.x

PubMed ID: 9228944

Title: Solution structure of human CTLA-4 and delineation of a CD80/CD86 binding site conserved in CD28.

PubMed ID: 9228944

DOI: 10.1038/nsb0797-527

PubMed ID: 11279501

Title: Structural basis for co-stimulation by the human CTLA-4/B7-2 complex.

PubMed ID: 11279501

DOI: 10.1038/35069112

PubMed ID: 11279502

Title: Crystal structure of the B7-1/CTLA-4 complex that inhibits human immune responses.

PubMed ID: 11279502

DOI: 10.1038/35069118

PubMed ID: 21156796

Title: Rigid-body ligand recognition drives cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) receptor triggering.

PubMed ID: 21156796

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.182394

PubMed ID: 28484017

Title: Structural basis for cancer immunotherapy by the first-in-class checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab.

PubMed ID: 28484017

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1617941114

PubMed ID: 9259273

Title: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups.

PubMed ID: 9259273

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/6.8.1275

PubMed ID: 10189842

Title: CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to coeliac disease.

PubMed ID: 10189842

DOI: 10.1136/gut.43.2.187

PubMed ID: 10475192

Title: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to thyroid associated orbitopathy.

PubMed ID: 10475192

DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01465-8

PubMed ID: 10924276

Title: Complex association analysis of Graves disease using a set of polymorphic markers.

PubMed ID: 10924276

DOI: 10.1006/mgme.2000.3007

PubMed ID: 10903931

Title: Familial primary pulmonary hypertension (gene PPH1) is caused by mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor-II gene.

PubMed ID: 10903931

DOI: 10.1086/303059

PubMed ID: 15138458

Title: Evidence for CTLA4 as a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus.

PubMed ID: 15138458

DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201214

PubMed ID: 15452244

Title: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene and recovery from hepatitis B virus infection.

PubMed ID: 15452244

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.20.11258-11262.2004

PubMed ID: 15657618

Title: A common CTLA4 haplotype associated with coeliac disease.

PubMed ID: 15657618

DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201357

PubMed ID: 15688186

Title: CTLA-4 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a meta-analysis.

PubMed ID: 15688186

DOI: 10.1007/s00439-004-1244-1

PubMed ID: 25329329

Title: Autosomal dominant immune dysregulation syndrome in humans with CTLA4 mutations.

PubMed ID: 25329329

DOI: 10.1038/nm.3746

PubMed ID: 25213377

Title: Immune dysregulation in human subjects with heterozygous germline mutations in CTLA4.

PubMed ID: 25213377

DOI: 10.1126/science.1255904

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 223
  • Mass: 24656
  • Checksum: 6F9466FB2E139A5A
  • Sequence:
    • MACLGFQRHK AQLNLATRTW PCTLLFFLLF IPVFCKAMHV AQPAVVLASS RGIASFVCEY 
ASPGKATEVR VTVLRQADSQ VTEVCAATYM MGNELTFLDD SICTGTSSGN QVNLTIQGLR 
AMDTGLYICK VELMYPPPYY LGIGNGTQIY VIDPEPCPDS DFLLWILAAV SSGLFFYSFL 
LTAVSLSKML KKRSPLTTGV YVKMPPTEPE CEKQFQPYFI PIN

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.