Details for: CYB561

Gene ID: 1534

Symbol: CYB561

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000008283

Description: cytochrome b561

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 133.3374
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 74.5141
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9000
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 30.9900
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8000
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 17.8268
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 16.8295
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7500
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.0482
    Cell Significance Index: -21.5600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.2686
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 3.3130
    Cell Significance Index: 327.7300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 1.7001
    Cell Significance Index: 28.0200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.6517
    Cell Significance Index: 77.0100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.4212
    Cell Significance Index: 1283.2500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 1.4119
    Cell Significance Index: 32.6200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.2011
    Cell Significance Index: 130.6500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.9860
    Cell Significance Index: 51.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.8812
    Cell Significance Index: 23.9900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.8747
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.7718
    Cell Significance Index: 154.8200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.6130
    Cell Significance Index: 110.5100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5793
    Cell Significance Index: 316.3900
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 0.5149
    Cell Significance Index: 8.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.4733
    Cell Significance Index: 327.3500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4596
    Cell Significance Index: 31.7900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4548
    Cell Significance Index: 55.9300
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.4519
    Cell Significance Index: 33.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.4410
    Cell Significance Index: 75.3100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.4046
    Cell Significance Index: 18.3400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.4020
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.3940
    Cell Significance Index: 50.5100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.3622
    Cell Significance Index: 46.8000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3350
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.3349
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6500
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.3208
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.3081
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2921
    Cell Significance Index: 20.6600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2887
    Cell Significance Index: 54.9500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.2664
    Cell Significance Index: 43.3400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2655
    Cell Significance Index: 95.2400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2541
    Cell Significance Index: 112.3500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.2271
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 0.1681
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1397
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0939
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: 0.0665
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0575
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0240
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0116
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0044
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0112
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4800
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: -0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0197
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0295
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0359
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0451
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0548
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0585
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0641
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0671
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1139
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1143
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.1157
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1480
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1491
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1558
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1634
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1794
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1987
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6900
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.2055
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.2102
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2164
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2259
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.2273
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2318
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.2400
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2515
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4200
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.2777
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2851
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8500
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.3144
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.3315
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.3405
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5000
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.3449
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3572
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.3663
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5000
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: -0.3674
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.3776
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.3876
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3500
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland (CL4033037)
    Fold Change: -0.3909
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6100
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.3995
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.4145
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** CYB561 is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the cytochrome family, characterized by its ability to bind metal ions and participate in electron transport chains. Its structure consists of a heme group, which is essential for its enzymatic activity. The protein is also involved in the regulation of ascorbate levels, a critical antioxidant that plays a vital role in maintaining cellular redox balance. CYB561's expression is widespread, with significant levels found in cells involved in the nervous system, endocrine system, and epithelial tissues. **Pathways and Functions:** CYB561 is implicated in several key pathways, including: 1. **Ascorbate homeostasis:** CYB561 plays a crucial role in maintaining ascorbate levels by regulating its synthesis and degradation. This is essential for protecting cells from oxidative damage and maintaining redox balance. 2. **Electron transport chain:** CYB561 is involved in the electron transport chain, a series of protein complexes that generate energy for cells. Its heme group allows it to bind and transfer electrons, contributing to the overall energy production. 3. **Intracellular iron ion homeostasis:** CYB561 helps regulate iron ion levels within cells, which is critical for various cellular processes, including DNA synthesis and cell growth. 4. **Metal ion binding:** CYB561's metal-binding properties enable it to interact with other proteins and ions, influencing cellular signaling and homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of CYB561 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurodegenerative disorders:** Alterations in CYB561 expression have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where oxidative stress and iron dysregulation play critical roles. 2. **Cancer:** CYB561's involvement in electron transport and iron homeostasis makes it a potential target for cancer therapy, where its dysregulation can contribute to tumor growth and progression. 3. **Respiratory diseases:** CYB561's expression in epithelial cells lining the tracheobronchial tree makes it a potential biomarker for respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In conclusion, CYB561 is a multifunctional protein that plays critical roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, particularly in regulating ascorbate levels, electron transport, and iron ion homeostasis. Its widespread expression in various cell types and its involvement in multiple diseases underscore its importance as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which CYB561 regulates cellular metabolism and to explore its potential applications in human disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3732004602

Symbol: CY561_HUMAN

Name: Cytochrome b-561

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7559396

Title: Genomic structure and expression of the human gene encoding cytochrome b561, an integral protein of the chromaffin granule membrane.

PubMed ID: 7559396

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.39.22714

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16625196

Title: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage.

PubMed ID: 16625196

DOI: 10.1038/nature04689

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7980462

Title: Human cytochrome b561: a revised hypothesis for conformation in membranes which reconciles sequence and functional information.

PubMed ID: 7980462

DOI: 10.1042/bj3030915

PubMed ID: 29343526

Title: Mutations in CYB561 causing a novel orthostatic hypotension syndrome.

PubMed ID: 29343526

DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311949

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 251
  • Mass: 27559
  • Checksum: 8EE53AE4D2569B77
  • Sequence:
  • MEGGAAAATP TALPYYVAFS QLLGLTLVAM TGAWLGLYRG GIAWESDLQF NAHPLCMVIG 
    LIFLQGNALL VYRVFRNEAK RTTKVLHGLL HIFALVIALV GLVAVFDYHR KKGYADLYSL 
    HSWCGILVFV LYFVQWLVGF SFFLFPGASF SLRSRYRPQH IFFGATIFLL SVGTALLGLK 
    EALLFNLGGK YSAFEPEGVL ANVLGLLLAC FGGAVLYILT RADWKRPSQA EEQALSMDFK 
    TLTEGDSPGS Q

Genular Protein ID: 1385346022

Symbol: B3KTA1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 194
  • Mass: 20528
  • Checksum: 7EEE9BC93ABB4C0E
  • Sequence:
  • MEGGAAAATP TALPYYVAFS QLLGLTLVAM TGAWLGLYRG GIAWESDLQF NAHPLCMVIG 
    LIFLQGNALL VYRVFRNEAK RTTKVLHGLL HIFALVIALV GEFPDAAFPA TCLPLQAWWR 
    CSTTTGRRAT LTCTAYTAGA GSLSLSCTLC SGWWASASSC SPELHSPCGA ATAHSTSSLV 
    LPSSSFPWAP PCWA

Genular Protein ID: 2750768337

Symbol: J3QRH5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16625196

Title: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage.

PubMed ID: 16625196

DOI: 10.1038/nature04689

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 258
  • Mass: 28267
  • Checksum: A2BB84DC230DC9CA
  • Sequence:
  • MSSVCLSMEG GAAAATPTAL PYYVAFSQLL GLTLVAMTGA WLGLYRGGIA WESDLQFNAH 
    PLCMVIGLIF LQGNALLVYR VFRNEAKRTT KVLHGLLHIF ALVIALVGLV AVFDYHRKKG 
    YADLYSLHSW CGILVFVLYF VQWLVGFSFF LFPGASFSLR SRYRPQHIFF GATIFLLSVG 
    TALLGLKEAL LFNLGGKYSA FEPEGVLANV LGLLLACFGG AVLYILTRAD WKRPSQAEEQ 
    ALSMDFKTLT EGDSPGSQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.