Details for: CYLD

Gene ID: 1540

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: CYLD

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000083799

Description: CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 25.74
    rCSI 21.58%
    PRS 39.59
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 16.76
    rCSI 13.55%
    PRS 35.15
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 14.33
    rCSI 10.84%
    PRS 45.66
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 13.4
    rCSI 10.03%
    PRS 48.82
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 12.84
    rCSI 19.63%
    PRS 50.91
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 9.39
    rCSI 22.39%
    PRS 37.82
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 7.83
    rCSI 30.46%
    PRS 53.83
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 7.81
    rCSI 17.29%
    PRS 32.22
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 7.74
    rCSI 5.39%
    PRS 46.5
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 6.74
    rCSI 13.43%
    PRS 52.27
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 6.62
    rCSI 11.69%
    PRS 21.41
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 6.36
    rCSI 39.7%
    PRS 28.74
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 6.04
    rCSI 9.72%
    PRS 27.23
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 5.24
    rCSI 13.25%
    PRS 42.04
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 5.17
    rCSI 9.86%
    PRS 50.98
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 5.84%
    PRS 26.49
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 4.89
    rCSI 4.12%
    PRS 51.02
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 9.45%
    PRS 56.73
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 4.47
    rCSI 4.39%
    PRS 49.21
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 4.16
    rCSI 7.47%
    PRS 29.45
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 3.67
    rCSI 9.69%
    PRS 41.01
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 3.59
    rCSI 5.82%
    PRS 34.01
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 3.46
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 22.15
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 3.38
    rCSI 3.25%
    PRS 35.5
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 2.44%
    PRS 55.42
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 71.69%
    PRS 21.66
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 2.97
    rCSI 4.29%
    PRS 44.57
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 70.99%
    PRS 22.45
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 9.1%
    PRS 23.17
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 5.02%
    PRS 27.14
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 2.79
    rCSI 6.36%
    PRS 29.94
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.11%
    PRS 44.57
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 2.77
    rCSI 15.64%
    PRS 23.65
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 5.97%
    PRS 40.4
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 4.56%
    PRS 61.07
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 15.22%
    PRS 38.5
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 4%
    PRS 40.81
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 13.04%
    PRS 44.45
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 26.49
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 1.93%
    PRS 52.64
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.72%
    PRS 38.11
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 1.48%
    PRS 47.72
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 4.67%
    PRS 26.49
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 2.24%
    PRS 31.99
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 5.55%
    PRS 22.69
  • naive B cell CL0000788
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 2.11%
    PRS 45.42
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 1.82%
    PRS 69.2
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 6.12%
    PRS 27.21
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 45.58
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 2.37
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 44.34
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 2.36
    rCSI 1.66%
    PRS 60.17
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 2.31
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 51.41
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 1.86%
    PRS 46.48
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 2.29
    rCSI 13.11%
    PRS 47.06
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 49.69
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 1.59%
    PRS 46.23
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 6.49%
    PRS 45.49
  • naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000895
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 2.73%
    PRS 77.97
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 2.14
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 67.84
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 41.79
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 3.74%
    PRS 32.99
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 35.44
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 3.26%
    PRS 24
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 72.22
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 5.23%
    PRS 40.82
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.75%
    PRS 55.36
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 39.18
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 1.44%
    PRS 29.84
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 7.01%
    PRS 21.15
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 4.48%
    PRS 62.41
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 1.79%
    PRS 34.52
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 43.97
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 1.52%
    PRS 55.53
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 1.98%
    PRS 36.74
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 65.16
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 2.66%
    PRS 32.45
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 2.97%
    PRS 37.72
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 36.51
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 1.93%
    PRS 35.34
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 2.83%
    PRS 61.83
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 2.43%
    PRS 57.07
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 29.9
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.04%
    PRS 56.49
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 32.57
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 27.35
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 1.63%
    PRS 54.71
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 7.06%
    PRS 33.65
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 1.53%
    PRS 39.36
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 2.12%
    PRS 41.71
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 3.94%
    PRS 34.28
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 50.27
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 44.65
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.68
    rCSI 4.16%
    PRS 33.02
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 1.95%
    PRS 48
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 1.33%
    PRS 35.59
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 51.24
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 1.62
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 44.52
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 52.24
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 38.79
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 6.53%
    PRS 34.2
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 56.0%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 29.5%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 30.7%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 23.8%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 51.1%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 29.2%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 64.1%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 54.8%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 26.0%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 61.1%
  • myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 69.7%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 45.1%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 36.1%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 41.0%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 32.3%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 28.0%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 23.3%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 58.1%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 67.2%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 45.5%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 34.9%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 24.8%
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 80.3%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 38.4%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 23.0%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 43.6%
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 26.4%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 21.5%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 43.5%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 44.5%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 59.0%
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 29.3%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001043
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 82.6%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 52.8%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 29.9%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 42.9%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 53.5%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 25.9%
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 63.4%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 35.1%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 50.4%
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 73.3%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 62.5%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 36.6%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 20.9%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 45.7%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 35.1%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 28.2%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 33.2%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 22.9%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 38.5%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 37.0%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 43.4%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 27.8%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 47.0%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 35.4%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 40.5%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 29.5%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 49.9%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 29.4%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 68.4%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 55.7%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 64.7%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 50.1%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 43.0%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 53.0%
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 45.1%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 47.1%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 38.6%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 49.2%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 33.2%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 43.8%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 39.1%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 31.8%
  • regulatory T cell CL0000815
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 61.5%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 38.3%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 41.3%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 36.0%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 46.3%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 43.9%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 39.0%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 24.6%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 36.0%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 53.9%
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 38.4%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 55.6%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 39.7%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 33.9%
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 43.1%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 22.1%
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 34.4%
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 39.1%
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 37.5%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 34.9%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 59.4%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 25.5%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 37.4%
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 33.7%
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 63.1%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 32.5%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) (CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16q12.1 that encodes a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB). This enzyme specifically cleaves K63- and M1- (linear) linked polyubiquitin chains from substrate proteins, acting as a crucial negative regulator of signal transduction. Functionally, [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) is best known as a tumor suppressor, with mutations causing familial cylindromatosis ([132700](https://omim.org/entry/132700)), a condition characterized by benign tumors of skin appendages [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/76006). Its mechanism of action largely involves tempering inflammatory and survival pathways, most notably by inhibiting NF-κB, JNK, and Wnt signaling [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01803), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01811). **Overall**, expression data reveals its highest significance in [keratinocytes](/details-cell/CL0000312), consistent with its role in skin biology, as well as in various immune cell populations, including [common myeloid progenitors](/details-cell/CL0000049) and [CD4-positive helper T cells](/details-cell/CL0000492), highlighting its dual role in epithelial homeostasis and immune regulation. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) underscores its importance in two primary biological systems: epithelial tissues and the immune system. Its most significant expression is observed in [keratinocytes](/details-cell/CL0000312) (CSI: 25.74), which aligns with its established role as a tumor suppressor in skin. The high significance in [transit amplifying cells](/details-cell/CL0009010) (CSI: 12.84) further suggests a role in regulating the balance between proliferation and differentiation in stratified epithelia. Concurrently, [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) demonstrates high significance across multiple hematopoietic and immune cell types. It is a key marker in early hematopoietic progenitors, such as [common myeloid progenitors](/details-cell/CL0000049) (CSI: 16.76) and [lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cells](/details-cell/CL0000838) (CSI: 7.83), pointing to a role in lineage commitment. In the mature immune system, its prominence in T lymphocyte subsets, including [CD4-positive helper T cells](/details-cell/CL0000492) (CSI: 14.33), [T follicular helper cells](/details-cell/CL0002038) (CSI: 13.40), and [naive T cells](/details-cell/CL0000898) (CSI: 7.74), is consistent with its function as a negative regulator of antigen receptor signaling. Beyond these primary contexts, its notable expression in diverse cell types such as [renal beta-intercalated cells](/details-cell/CL0002201) and [type B pancreatic cells](/details-cell/CL0000169) suggests broader, context-specific functions in cellular homeostasis and signaling across various tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular function of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) is centered on its role as a cysteine-type deubiquitinase, primarily with '[K63-linked deubiquitinase activity](/details-go/GO:0061578)' and '[Met1-linked polyubiquitin deubiquitinase activity](/details-go/GO:0061815)'. This enzymatic activity is the mechanistic basis for its widespread regulatory functions. Functionally, [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) is a master negative regulator of inflammatory and cell survival signaling pathways. It is heavily implicated in the '[Negative regulation of nf-kappab transcription factor activity](/details-go/GO:0032088)', a process critical for controlling inflammation and preventing inappropriate cell survival [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01802). This is a central component of its involvement in the '[Innate immune response](/details-go/GO:0045087)' and the '[Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0010803)', as detailed in Reactome's '[Tnf signaling](/details-reactome/R-HSA-75893)' pathway. Its high significance in T cells is supported by its role in the '[Positive regulation of t cell receptor signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0050862)', where it likely acts as a brake to prevent over-activation. Beyond immunity, [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) is involved in fundamental cellular processes. Its annotation for '[Regulation of mitotic cell cycle](/details-go/GO:0007346)' [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703268104) and '[Regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization](/details-go/GO:0070507)' [Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m708470200) connects its tumor suppressor function to the direct control of cell division and structure. Furthermore, its role in the '[Negative regulation of canonical wnt signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0090090)' is crucial for developmental processes and is likely a key aspect of its tumor suppressor activity in epithelial tissues. ## Research Directions The established role of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) as a tumor suppressor and immune regulator, combined with its specific expression profile, opens several avenues for future investigation. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its top significance in [keratinocytes](/details-cell/CL0000312) and its function in regulating Wnt signaling and cell cycle progression, it is hypothesized that [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) acts as a critical checkpoint during epidermal differentiation, preventing the hyperproliferation of [transit amplifying cells](/details-cell/CL0009010) by deubiquitinating key signaling components that would otherwise promote tumorigenesis. 2. Based on its high significance in T cell subtypes and its established role in negatively regulating NF-κB and TCR signaling, it is hypothesized that the expression level of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) dictates the activation threshold of T cells. Dynamic downregulation of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) may be a prerequisite for mounting an effective T cell response, while its overexpression could contribute to T cell anergy or exhaustion in chronic disease states. **Key Experimental Approach:** To test the second hypothesis regarding the role of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) in T cell activation, a conditional knockout mouse model (e.g., *Cd4*-Cre; *Cyld*fl/fl) could be employed to achieve T-cell-specific deletion. Naive CD4+ T cells from these mice and littermate controls would be isolated and stimulated *in vitro* with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. The functional consequences of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) loss would be assessed through multiple assays: proliferation (CFSE dilution via flow cytometry), effector cytokine production (IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4 via intracellular staining or multiplex ELISA), and activation of downstream signaling pathways (phosphorylation status of IKK, IκBα, and JNK via Western blot or phosphoflow). This approach would definitively establish the cell-intrinsic role of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) as a gatekeeper of T cell activation. **Therapeutic Potential:** The therapeutic potential of targeting [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) is complex and highly context-dependent. As a tumor suppressor, strategies aimed at **activating** [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) or restoring its function could be beneficial in cancers characterized by its loss. However, developing small-molecule activators is challenging. Conversely, in immunology, **inhibition** of [CYLD](/details-gene/1540) could represent a novel strategy for immunotherapy. A transient inhibition could lower the T cell activation threshold, potentially enhancing anti-tumor immune responses or improving vaccine efficacy. Such an approach would require careful consideration of dose and timing to avoid inducing systemic autoimmunity or increasing long-term cancer risk.

Genular Protein ID: 1057081307

Symbol: CYLD_HUMAN

Name: Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase CYLD

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10835629

Title: Identification of the familial cylindromatosis tumor suppressor gene.

PubMed ID: 10835629

DOI: 10.1038/76006

PubMed ID: 10048485

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.

PubMed ID: 10048485

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/5.6.355

PubMed ID: 12168954

Title: Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones.

PubMed ID: 12168954

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11042152

Title: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

PubMed ID: 11042152

DOI: 10.1101/gr.140200

PubMed ID: 12917689

Title: CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme that negatively regulates NF-kappaB activation by TNFR family members.

PubMed ID: 12917689

DOI: 10.1038/nature01803

PubMed ID: 12917690

Title: Loss of the cylindromatosis tumour suppressor inhibits apoptosis by activating NF-kappaB.

PubMed ID: 12917690

DOI: 10.1038/nature01811

PubMed ID: 12917691

Title: The tumour suppressor CYLD negatively regulates NF-kappaB signalling by deubiquitination.

PubMed ID: 12917691

DOI: 10.1038/nature01802

PubMed ID: 14676304

Title: The tumor suppressor CYLD interacts with TRIP and regulates negatively nuclear factor kappaB activation by tumor necrosis factor.

PubMed ID: 14676304

DOI: 10.1084/jem.20031187

PubMed ID: 15870263

Title: Regulation of the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD by IkappaB kinase gamma-dependent phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 15870263

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.10.3886-3895.2005

PubMed ID: 17495026

Title: The tumor suppressor CYLD regulates entry into mitosis.

PubMed ID: 17495026

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703268104

PubMed ID: 18636086

Title: The tumour suppressor CYLD is a negative regulator of RIG-I-mediated antiviral response.

PubMed ID: 18636086

DOI: 10.1038/embor.2008.136

PubMed ID: 18222923

Title: The tumor suppressor CYLD regulates microtubule dynamics and plays a role in cell migration.

PubMed ID: 18222923

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708470200

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 20194890

Title: CYLD regulates angiogenesis by mediating vascular endothelial cell migration.

PubMed ID: 20194890

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-10-248526

PubMed ID: 19893491

Title: CYLD negatively regulates cell-cycle progression by inactivating HDAC6 and increasing the levels of acetylated tubulin.

PubMed ID: 19893491

DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.317

PubMed ID: 20227366

Title: Loss of the tumor suppressor CYLD enhances Wnt/beta-catenin signaling through K63-linked ubiquitination of Dvl.

PubMed ID: 20227366

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.01.035

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25134987

Title: The deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD controls apical docking of basal bodies in ciliated epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 25134987

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5585

PubMed ID: 12190880

Title: Phenotype diversity in familial cylindromatosis: a frameshift mutation in the tumor suppressor gene CYLD underlies different tumors of skin appendages.

PubMed ID: 12190880

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01839.x

PubMed ID: 12950348

Title: Identification of a recurrent mutation in the CYLD gene in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome.

PubMed ID: 12950348

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01344.x

PubMed ID: 16307661

Title: Two novel CYLD gene mutations in Chinese families with trichoepithelioma and a literature review of 16 families with trichoepithelioma reported in China.

PubMed ID: 16307661

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06960.x

PubMed ID: 15854031

Title: Mutations in the CYLD gene in Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, familial cylindromatosis, and multiple familial trichoepithelioma: lack of genotype-phenotype correlation.

PubMed ID: 15854031

DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23688.x

PubMed ID: 16922728

Title: CYLD mutations underlie Brooke-Spiegler, familial cylindromatosis, and multiple familial trichoepithelioma syndromes.

PubMed ID: 16922728

DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2006.00667.x

PubMed ID: 26670046

Title: LUBAC-recruited CYLD and A20 regulate gene activation and cell death by exerting opposing effects on linear ubiquitin in signaling complexes.

PubMed ID: 26670046

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.009

PubMed ID: 27307491

Title: SPATA2 links CYLD to the TNF-alpha receptor signaling complex and modulates the receptor signaling outcomes.

PubMed ID: 27307491

DOI: 10.15252/embj.201694300

PubMed ID: 27458237

Title: SPATA2 promotes CYLD activity and regulates TNF-induced NF-kappaB signaling and cell death.

PubMed ID: 27458237

DOI: 10.15252/embr.201642592

PubMed ID: 27545878

Title: SPATA2-Mediated Binding of CYLD to HOIP Enables CYLD Recruitment to Signaling Complexes.

PubMed ID: 27545878

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.086

PubMed ID: 26997266

Title: CYLD limits Lys63- and Met1-linked ubiquitin at receptor complexes to regulate innate immune signaling.

PubMed ID: 26997266

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.062

PubMed ID: 27591049

Title: SPATA2 links CYLD to LUBAC, activates CYLD, and controls LUBAC signaling.

PubMed ID: 27591049

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.08.001

PubMed ID: 29291351

Title: The deubiquitinating enzyme cylindromatosis mitigates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

PubMed ID: 29291351

DOI: 10.1038/nm.4461

PubMed ID: 34497368

Title: TRIM15 and CYLD regulate ERK activation via lysine-63-linked polyubiquitination.

PubMed ID: 34497368

DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00732-8

PubMed ID: 15341735

Title: The CAP-Gly domain of CYLD associates with the proline-rich sequence in NEMO/IKKgamma.

PubMed ID: 15341735

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.07.012

PubMed ID: 18313383

Title: The structure of the CYLD USP domain explains its specificity for Lys63-linked polyubiquitin and reveals a B box module.

PubMed ID: 18313383

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.12.018

PubMed ID: 14632188

Title: A novel missense mutation in CYLD in a family with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome.

PubMed ID: 14632188

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12514.x

PubMed ID: 23338750

Title: Frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis syndrome locus on chromosome 16p12.1-q12.2: genetic, clinical and neuropathological analysis.

PubMed ID: 23338750

DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1078-9

PubMed ID: 32666117

Title: CYLD variants in frontotemporal dementia associated with severe memory impairment in a Portuguese cohort.

PubMed ID: 32666117

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa183

PubMed ID: 32185393

Title: CYLD is a causative gene for frontotemporal dementia - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PubMed ID: 32185393

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa039

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 956
  • Mass: 107316
  • Checksum: 01831F9A83424631
  • Sequence:
  • MSSGLWSQEK VTSPYWEERI FYLLLQECSV TDKQTQKLLK VPKGSIGQYI QDRSVGHSRI 
    PSAKGKKNQI GLKILEQPHA VLFVDEKDVV EINEKFTELL LAITNCEERF SLFKNRNRLS 
    KGLQIDVGCP VKVQLRSGEE KFPGVVRFRG PLLAERTVSG IFFGVELLEE GRGQGFTDGV 
    YQGKQLFQCD EDCGVFVALD KLELIEDDDT ALESDYAGPG DTMQVELPPL EINSRVSLKV 
    GETIESGTVI FCDVLPGKES LGYFVGVDMD NPIGNWDGRF DGVQLCSFAC VESTILLHIN 
    DIIPALSESV TQERRPPKLA FMSRGVGDKG SSSHNKPKAT GSTSDPGNRN RSELFYTLNG 
    SSVDSQPQSK SKNTWYIDEV AEDPAKSLTE ISTDFDRSSP PLQPPPVNSL TTENRFHSLP 
    FSLTKMPNTN GSIGHSPLSL SAQSVMEELN TAPVQESPPL AMPPGNSHGL EVGSLAEVKE 
    NPPFYGVIRW IGQPPGLNEV LAGLELEDEC AGCTDGTFRG TRYFTCALKK ALFVKLKSCR 
    PDSRFASLQP VSNQIERCNS LAFGGYLSEV VEENTPPKME KEGLEIMIGK KKGIQGHYNS 
    CYLDSTLFCL FAFSSVLDTV LLRPKEKNDV EYYSETQELL RTEIVNPLRI YGYVCATKIM 
    KLRKILEKVE AASGFTSEEK DPEEFLNILF HHILRVEPLL KIRSAGQKVQ DCYFYQIFME 
    KNEKVGVPTI QQLLEWSFIN SNLKFAEAPS CLIIQMPRFG KDFKLFKKIF PSLELNITDL 
    LEDTPRQCRI CGGLAMYECR ECYDDPDISA GKIKQFCKTC NTQVHLHPKR LNHKYNPVSL 
    PKDLPDWDWR HGCIPCQNME LFAVLCIETS HYVAFVKYGK DDSAWLFFDS MADRDGGQNG 
    FNIPQVTPCP EVGEYLKMSL EDLHSLDSRR IQGCARRLLC DAYMCMYQSP TMSLYK