Gene CYP2C19 - ENSG00000165841 | NCBI Gene ID: 1557

Details for: CYP2C19

Gene ID: 1557

Symbol: CYP2C19

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000165841

Description: cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19

Associated with

Arachidonic acid metabolism
(R-HSA-2142753)
Aspirin adme
(R-HSA-9749641)
Biological oxidations
(R-HSA-211859)
Cyp2e1 reactions
(R-HSA-211999)
Cytochrome p450 - arranged by substrate type
(R-HSA-211897)
Drug adme
(R-HSA-9748784)
Fatty acid metabolism
(R-HSA-8978868)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Metabolism of lipids
(R-HSA-556833)
Phase i - functionalization of compounds
(R-HSA-211945)
Synthesis of (16-20)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (hete)
(R-HSA-2142816)
Synthesis of epoxy (eet) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (dhet)
(R-HSA-2142670)
Xenobiotics
(R-HSA-211981)
(r)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
(GO:0052741)
(s)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
(GO:0018675)
(s)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity
(GO:0018676)
Arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity
(GO:0008392)
Aromatase activity
(GO:0070330)
Cytoplasm
(GO:0005737)
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
(GO:0005789)
Enzyme binding
(GO:0019899)
Epoxygenase p450 pathway
(GO:0019373)
Heme binding
(GO:0020037)
Heterocycle metabolic process
(GO:0046483)
Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
(GO:0043231)
Iron ion binding
(GO:0005506)
Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process
(GO:0001676)
Long-chain fatty acid omega-1 hydroxylase activity
(GO:0120319)
Monooxygenase activity
(GO:0004497)
Monoterpenoid metabolic process
(GO:0016098)
Omega-hydroxylase p450 pathway
(GO:0097267)
Oxidoreductase activity
(GO:0016491)
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
(GO:0016712)
Oxygen binding
(GO:0019825)
Plasma membrane
(GO:0005886)
Steroid hydroxylase activity
(GO:0008395)
Steroid metabolic process
(GO:0008202)
Xenobiotic catabolic process
(GO:0042178)
Xenobiotic metabolic process
(GO:0006805)

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: amacrine cell (CL0000561)
Fold Change: 6.12
Marker Score: 19613
Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
Fold Change: 6.01
Marker Score: 3327
Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
Fold Change: 2.4
Marker Score: 1362
Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
Fold Change: 2.21
Marker Score: 3814
Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
Fold Change: 1.65
Marker Score: 2281
Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
Fold Change: 1.6
Marker Score: 1160
Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
Fold Change: 1.59
Marker Score: 349
Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
Fold Change: 1.58
Marker Score: 1760
Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
Fold Change: 1.56
Marker Score: 822
Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
Fold Change: 1.2
Marker Score: 2273
Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
Fold Change: 1.11
Marker Score: 7390
Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
Fold Change: 1.05
Marker Score: 440
Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
Fold Change: 1.04
Marker Score: 1607.5
Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
Fold Change: 1
Marker Score: 71795
Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
Fold Change: 1
Marker Score: 48017
Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
Fold Change: 0.99
Marker Score: 509
Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
Fold Change: 0.98
Marker Score: 30407
Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
Fold Change: 0.98
Marker Score: 463
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
Fold Change: 0.95
Marker Score: 2411
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
Fold Change: 0.93
Marker Score: 5325
Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
Fold Change: 0.92
Marker Score: 2742
Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
Fold Change: 0.91
Marker Score: 329
Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
Fold Change: 0.87
Marker Score: 5287
Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
Fold Change: 0.86
Marker Score: 1753
Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
Fold Change: 0.85
Marker Score: 340.5
Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
Fold Change: 0.82
Marker Score: 476
Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
Fold Change: 0.82
Marker Score: 1689
Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
Fold Change: 0.78
Marker Score: 1269
Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
Fold Change: 0.77
Marker Score: 397
Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
Fold Change: 0.75
Marker Score: 687
Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
Fold Change: 0.73
Marker Score: 699.5
Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
Fold Change: 0.72
Marker Score: 430
Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
Fold Change: 0.7
Marker Score: 410
Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
Fold Change: 0.68
Marker Score: 1088
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
Fold Change: 0.66
Marker Score: 2781
Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
Fold Change: 0.65
Marker Score: 414
Cell Name: lung goblet cell (CL1000143)
Fold Change: 0.61
Marker Score: 177
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
Fold Change: 0.61
Marker Score: 612
Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
Fold Change: 0.6
Marker Score: 579
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
Fold Change: 0.59
Marker Score: 400
Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
Fold Change: 0.56
Marker Score: 444
Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
Fold Change: 0.55
Marker Score: 8680
Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
Fold Change: 0.55
Marker Score: 557
Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
Fold Change: 0.52
Marker Score: 130
Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
Fold Change: 0.5
Marker Score: 332
Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
Fold Change: 0.5
Marker Score: 158
Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
Fold Change: 0.48
Marker Score: 2887
Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
Fold Change: 0.47
Marker Score: 281
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
Fold Change: 0.44
Marker Score: 183
Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
Fold Change: 0.43
Marker Score: 105
Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
Fold Change: 0.37
Marker Score: 175
Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
Fold Change: 0.33
Marker Score: 225
Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
Fold Change: 0.32
Marker Score: 284
Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
Fold Change: 0.29
Marker Score: 367
Cell Name: mucus secreting cell (CL0000319)
Fold Change: 0.27
Marker Score: 69
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
Fold Change: 0.27
Marker Score: 124
Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
Fold Change: 0.26
Marker Score: 214
Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
Fold Change: 0.25
Marker Score: 162.5
Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
Fold Change: 0.24
Marker Score: 105
Cell Name: type I enteroendocrine cell (CL0002277)
Fold Change: 0.24
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
Fold Change: 0.23
Marker Score: 67
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
Fold Change: 0.23
Marker Score: 77
Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
Fold Change: 0.23
Marker Score: 313
Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
Fold Change: 0.22
Marker Score: 630.5
Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
Fold Change: 0.22
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 237
Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 52.5
Cell Name: M cell of gut (CL0000682)
Fold Change: 0.2
Marker Score: 51
Cell Name: ganglion interneuron (CL0000397)
Fold Change: 0.19
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: type L enteroendocrine cell (CL0002279)
Fold Change: 0.19
Marker Score: 53
Cell Name: adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle (CL1000311)
Fold Change: 0.19
Marker Score: 51
Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
Fold Change: 0.19
Marker Score: 56
Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 44
Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 58
Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 56
Cell Name: GIP cell (CL0002278)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 58
Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 56
Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 1134
Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
Fold Change: 0.18
Marker Score: 168
Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 412
Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 48
Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 65
Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 409
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium proper of ileum (CL1000342)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 49
Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 1735
Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 60
Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
Fold Change: 0.17
Marker Score: 215
Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
Fold Change: 0.16
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
Fold Change: 0.16
Marker Score: 59
Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000003)
Fold Change: 0.16
Marker Score: 492
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
Fold Change: 0.15
Marker Score: 46
Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
Fold Change: 0.15
Marker Score: 39
Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
Fold Change: 0.15
Marker Score: 126
Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 58
Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 1338
Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 53
Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 44
Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
Fold Change: 0.14
Marker Score: 200

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**Key characteristics**: - The CYP2C19 gene is located on chromosome 15q21.1. - It is a large gene with a molecular weight of approximately 11.3 kb. - The protein encoded by CYP2C19 is a transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 550 kDa. - CYP2C19 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, which are a large family of enzymes that are involved in a variety of metabolic reactions. - CYP2C19 is a highly conserved enzyme, with a similar sequence found in organisms from humans to flies. **Pathways and functions:** - CYP2C19 is involved in the metabolism of a variety of compounds, including arachidonic acid, aspirin, and other xenobiochemicals. - The enzyme catalyzes the reduction of various compounds, including arachidonic acid to its corresponding alkene, and the oxidation of aspirin to its metabolites. - CYP2C19 is also involved in the metabolism of other xenobiochemicals, such as styrene and 2-chloroethanol. - The enzyme is also involved in the metabolism of drugs, such as warfarin and methotrexate. **Clinical significance**: - CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms have been linked to an increased risk of developing certain diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. - CYP2C19 inhibitors are being investigated as potential treatments for these diseases. - Understanding the role of CYP2C19 in human health and disease is important for developing new strategies for cancer treatment and other diseases that are caused by CYP2C19 enzymes.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Cytochrome P450 2C19

Genular Protein ID: 3604756082

Symbol: CP2CJ_HUMAN

Name: Cytochrome P450 2C19

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P33261 P33259 Q8WZB1 Q8WZB2 Q9UCD4

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2009263

Title: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily.

PubMed ID: 2009263

DOI: 10.1021/bi00227a012

PubMed ID: 8095407

Title:

PubMed ID: 8095407

DOI: 10.1021/bi00056a025

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 8215410

Title: Isolation and characterization of human liver cytochrome P450 2C19: correlation between 2C19 and S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation.

PubMed ID: 8215410

DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1993.1506

PubMed ID: 11950794

Title: Metabolism of (+)- and (-)-limonenes to respective carveols and perillyl alcohols by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes.

PubMed ID: 11950794

DOI: 10.1124/dmd.30.5.602

PubMed ID: 18577768

Title: Cytochromes P450 from family 4 are the main omega hydroxylating enzymes in humans: CYP4F3B is the prominent player in PUFA metabolism.

PubMed ID: 18577768

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800199-jlr200

PubMed ID: 19965576

Title: Stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids by human cytochromes P450.

PubMed ID: 19965576

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m003061

PubMed ID: 20972997

Title: Analysis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids by chiral liquid chromatography/electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry using [13C]-analog internal standards.

PubMed ID: 20972997

DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4760

PubMed ID: 23959307

Title: CYP2J2 and CYP2C19 are the major enzymes responsible for metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assay systems.

PubMed ID: 23959307

DOI: 10.1128/aac.00843-13

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 28378927

Title: Worldwide Distribution of Cytochrome P450 Alleles: A Meta-analysis of Population-scale Sequencing Projects.

PubMed ID: 28378927

DOI: 10.1002/cpt.690

PubMed ID: 23118231

Title: Structural characterization of human cytochrome P450 2C19: active site differences between P450s 2C8, 2C9, and 2C19.

PubMed ID: 23118231

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.424895

PubMed ID: 8195181

Title: The major genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of S-mephenytoin metabolism in humans.

PubMed ID: 8195181

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40694-6

PubMed ID: 7969038

Title: Identification of a new genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of (S)-mephenytoin metabolism in Japanese.

PubMed ID: 7969038

PubMed ID: 9103550

Title: Differences in the incidence of the CYP2C19 polymorphism affecting the S-mephenytoin phenotype in Chinese Han and Bai populations and identification of a new rare CYP2C19 mutant allele.

PubMed ID: 9103550

PubMed ID: 9732415

Title: Identification of new human CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*2B) in a Caucasian poor metabolizer of mephenytoin.

PubMed ID: 9732415

PubMed ID: 10022751

Title: An additional defective allele, CYP2C19*5, contributes to the S-mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in Caucasians.

PubMed ID: 10022751

DOI: 10.1097/00008571-199804000-00006

PubMed ID: 10411572

Title: A novel transversion in the intron 5 donor splice junction of CYP2C19 and a sequence polymorphism in exon 3 contribute to the poor metabolizer phenotype for the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin.

PubMed ID: 10411572

PubMed ID: 12464799

Title: Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19.

PubMed ID: 12464799

DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200212000-00004

PubMed ID: 15499191

Title: A novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the CYP2C19 gene in a Japanese subject with lowered capacity of mephobarbital 4'-hydroxylation.

PubMed ID: 15499191

DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.19.236

PubMed ID: 15469410

Title: Genetic variation in eleven phase I drug metabolism genes in an ethnically diverse population.

PubMed ID: 15469410

DOI: 10.1517/14622416.5.7.895

PubMed ID: 16141610

Title: Genetic variations and haplotypes of CYP2C19 in a Japanese population.

PubMed ID: 16141610

DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.20.300

Sequence Information:

Length: 490
Mass: 55945
Checksum: B451BFFE9A009465
Sequence:

MDPFVVLVLC LSCLLLLSIW RQSSGRGKLP PGPTPLPVIG NILQIDIKDV SKSLTNLSKI 
YGPVFTLYFG LERMVVLHGY EVVKEALIDL GEEFSGRGHF PLAERANRGF GIVFSNGKRW 
KEIRRFSLMT LRNFGMGKRS IEDRVQEEAR CLVEELRKTK ASPCDPTFIL GCAPCNVICS 
IIFQKRFDYK DQQFLNLMEK LNENIRIVST PWIQICNNFP TIIDYFPGTH NKLLKNLAFM 
ESDILEKVKE HQESMDINNP RDFIDCFLIK MEKEKQNQQS EFTIENLVIT AADLLGAGTE 
TTSTTLRYAL LLLLKHPEVT AKVQEEIERV IGRNRSPCMQ DRGHMPYTDA VVHEVQRYID 
LIPTSLPHAV TCDVKFRNYL IPKGTTILTS LTSVLHDNKE FPNPEMFDPR HFLDEGGNFK 
KSNYFMPFSA GKRICVGEGL ARMELFLFLT FILQNFNLKS LIDPKDLDTT PVVNGFASVP 
PFYQLCFIPV

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.

Details for: CYP2C19

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

Other Information

Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily. PubMed ID: 2009263

PubMed ID: 8095407

The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. PubMed ID: 15164054

Isolation and characterization of human liver cytochrome P450 2C19: correlation between 2C19 and S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation. PubMed ID: 8215410

Metabolism of (+)- and (-)-limonenes to respective carveols and perillyl alcohols by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes. PubMed ID: 11950794

Cytochromes P450 from family 4 are the main omega hydroxylating enzymes in humans: CYP4F3B is the prominent player in PUFA metabolism. PubMed ID: 18577768

Stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids by human cytochromes P450. PubMed ID: 19965576

Analysis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids by chiral liquid chromatography/electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry using [13C]-analog internal standards. PubMed ID: 20972997

CYP2J2 and CYP2C19 are the major enzymes responsible for metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assay systems. PubMed ID: 23959307

An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 24275569

Worldwide Distribution of Cytochrome P450 Alleles: A Meta-analysis of Population-scale Sequencing Projects. PubMed ID: 28378927

Structural characterization of human cytochrome P450 2C19: active site differences between P450s 2C8, 2C9, and 2C19. PubMed ID: 23118231

The major genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of S-mephenytoin metabolism in humans. PubMed ID: 8195181

Identification of a new genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of (S)-mephenytoin metabolism in Japanese. PubMed ID: 7969038

Differences in the incidence of the CYP2C19 polymorphism affecting the S-mephenytoin phenotype in Chinese Han and Bai populations and identification of a new rare CYP2C19 mutant allele. PubMed ID: 9103550

Identification of new human CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*2B) in a Caucasian poor metabolizer of mephenytoin. PubMed ID: 9732415

An additional defective allele, CYP2C19*5, contributes to the S-mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in Caucasians. PubMed ID: 10022751

A novel transversion in the intron 5 donor splice junction of CYP2C19 and a sequence polymorphism in exon 3 contribute to the poor metabolizer phenotype for the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin. PubMed ID: 10411572

Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19. PubMed ID: 12464799

A novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the CYP2C19 gene in a Japanese subject with lowered capacity of mephobarbital 4'-hydroxylation. PubMed ID: 15499191

Genetic variation in eleven phase I drug metabolism genes in an ethnically diverse population. PubMed ID: 15469410

Genetic variations and haplotypes of CYP2C19 in a Japanese population. PubMed ID: 16141610