Details for: GRK3

Gene ID: 157

Symbol: GRK3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100077

Description: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 97.3052
    Cell Significance Index: -45.9400
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 91.6169
    Cell Significance Index: -37.2200
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 85.8209
    Cell Significance Index: -44.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 38.9634
    Cell Significance Index: -37.2000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 16.5630
    Cell Significance Index: -44.3700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 15.4682
    Cell Significance Index: -47.5100
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 9.7848
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 4.6205
    Cell Significance Index: 284.0000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 3.6644
    Cell Significance Index: 1314.3500
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 3.3602
    Cell Significance Index: 42.3100
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: 2.9007
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5400
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 2.8875
    Cell Significance Index: 69.2500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 2.4633
    Cell Significance Index: 494.1400
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 2.4118
    Cell Significance Index: 52.8100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.2576
    Cell Significance Index: 249.5700
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.9921
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.9465
    Cell Significance Index: 93.6300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.9220
    Cell Significance Index: 51.7400
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous adipocyte (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: 0.9051
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.8460
    Cell Significance Index: 763.8400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.8376
    Cell Significance Index: 579.3200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.4739
    Cell Significance Index: 68.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4665
    Cell Significance Index: 75.8700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.3724
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5800
  • Cell Name: chandelier cell (CL4023083)
    Fold Change: 0.3443
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.2351
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.2307
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2173
    Cell Significance Index: 41.3500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1948
    Cell Significance Index: 86.1400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.1632
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.1608
    Cell Significance Index: 302.7400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1495
    Cell Significance Index: 26.9500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0814
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0663
    Cell Significance Index: 102.0900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: 83.7900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.0453
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0352
    Cell Significance Index: 47.9100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0323
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7000
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3300
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0395
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2800
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0425
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0456
    Cell Significance Index: -34.5000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0532
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: -36.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0800
    Cell Significance Index: -49.9500
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0994
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1120
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1178
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1273
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1360
    Cell Significance Index: -39.1400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1645
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5500
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1773
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1831
    Cell Significance Index: -25.1400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1876
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1908
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -33.6700
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.2035
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2200
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2095
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2147
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2177
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.2241
    Cell Significance Index: -47.2100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2416
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.2439
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9100
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2527
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2703
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2712
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2729
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7300
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2731
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.3019
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.3322
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3786
    Cell Significance Index: -48.5300
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.4014
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3600
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.4271
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.4284
    Cell Significance Index: -30.3000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.4972
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.5189
    Cell Significance Index: -41.1000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.5242
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0700
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.5277
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.5385
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3800
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.5570
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.5800
    Cell Significance Index: -30.4500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.5837
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.6288
    Cell Significance Index: -39.6300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.6665
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.6988
    Cell Significance Index: -36.4000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.7112
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1600
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.7260
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9100
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.7542
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0400
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: -0.8128
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7200
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.8200
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.8745
    Cell Significance Index: -30.6400
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.8814
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.9011
    Cell Significance Index: -28.5000
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.9132
    Cell Significance Index: -39.7100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.9231
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Phosphorylation Activity:** GRK3 possesses a high degree of specificity for phosphorylating GPCRs, particularly those belonging to the beta-adrenergic receptor family. This phosphorylation event triggers a cascade of downstream signaling events, leading to the desensitization of GPCR signaling. 2. **Desensitization of GPCR Signaling:** GRK3's primary function is to regulate the desensitization of GPCR signaling, which involves the phosphorylation and internalization of GPCRs. This process prevents the continuous activation of GPCRs, thereby preventing an overactive signaling response. 3. **Regulation of Membrane Trafficking:** GRK3 has been implicated in regulating membrane trafficking, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis and vesicle-mediated transport. This suggests that GRK3 plays a role in modulating the internalization and recycling of GPCRs. 4. **Expression in Specific Cell Types:** GRK3 is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including epicardial adipocytes, retinal ganglion cells, and cardiac muscle cells. This suggests that GRK3 may play a role in various physiological and pathological processes, including cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **GPCR Signaling Pathway:** GRK3 regulates the desensitization of GPCR signaling, which involves the phosphorylation and internalization of GPCRs. This process prevents the continuous activation of GPCRs, thereby preventing an overactive signaling response. 2. **Membrane Trafficking:** GRK3 has been implicated in regulating membrane trafficking, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis and vesicle-mediated transport. This suggests that GRK3 plays a role in modulating the internalization and recycling of GPCRs. 3. **Signal Transduction:** GRK3's phosphorylation activity triggers a cascade of downstream signaling events, leading to the regulation of various cellular processes, including gene expression, cell proliferation, and differentiation. 4. **Regulation of Cell Projection:** GRK3 has been implicated in regulating cell projection, including the formation and maintenance of dendritic spines in neurons. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cardiovascular Disease:** GRK3 has been implicated in the regulation of cardiac function and the development of cardiovascular disease. Alterations in GRK3 expression and function may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. 2. **Neurodegenerative Disorders:** GRK3 has been implicated in the regulation of neuronal signaling and the development of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 3. **Cancer:** GRK3 has been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and alterations in GRK3 expression and function may contribute to the development of cancer. 4. **Neurodevelopmental Disorders:** GRK3 has been implicated in the regulation of neuronal development and the development of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. In conclusion, GRK3 is a critical regulator of GPCR signaling and cellular processes, and alterations in its expression and function may contribute to various physiological and pathological processes, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which GRK3 regulates GPCR signaling and cellular processes, and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 39246729

Symbol: ARBK2_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8427589

Title: Molecular cloning, functional expression and mRNA analysis of human beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2.

PubMed ID: 8427589

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1072

PubMed ID: 10591208

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22.

PubMed ID: 10591208

DOI: 10.1038/990031

PubMed ID: 20596523

Title: Development and validation of a method for profiling post-translational modification activities using protein microarrays.

PubMed ID: 20596523

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011332

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 688
  • Mass: 79710
  • Checksum: 50844236A01C1423
  • Sequence:
  • MADLEAVLAD VSYLMAMEKS KATPAARASK RIVLPEPSIR SVMQKYLAER NEITFDKIFN 
    QKIGFLLFKD FCLNEINEAV PQVKFYEEIK EYEKLDNEED RLCRSRQIYD AYIMKELLSC 
    SHPFSKQAVE HVQSHLSKKQ VTSTLFQPYI EEICESLRGD IFQKFMESDK FTRFCQWKNV 
    ELNIHLTMNE FSVHRIIGRG GFGEVYGCRK ADTGKMYAMK CLDKKRIKMK QGETLALNER 
    IMLSLVSTGD CPFIVCMTYA FHTPDKLCFI LDLMNGGDLH YHLSQHGVFS EKEMRFYATE 
    IILGLEHMHN RFVVYRDLKP ANILLDEHGH ARISDLGLAC DFSKKKPHAS VGTHGYMAPE 
    VLQKGTAYDS SADWFSLGCM LFKLLRGHSP FRQHKTKDKH EIDRMTLTVN VELPDTFSPE 
    LKSLLEGLLQ RDVSKRLGCH GGGSQEVKEH SFFKGVDWQH VYLQKYPPPL IPPRGEVNAA 
    DAFDIGSFDE EDTKGIKLLD CDQELYKNFP LVISERWQQE VTETVYEAVN ADTDKIEARK 
    RAKNKQLGHE EDYALGKDCI MHGYMLKLGN PFLTQWQRRY FYLFPNRLEW RGEGESRQNL 
    LTMEQILSVE ETQIKDKKCI LFRIKGGKQF VLQCESDPEF VQWKKELNET FKEAQRLLRR 
    APKFLNKPRS GTVELPKPSL CHRNSNGL

Genular Protein ID: 784184776

Symbol: Q8N433_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 387
  • Mass: 44607
  • Checksum: BB025E2FF2DDFFCC
  • Sequence:
  • MADLEAVLAD VSYLMAMEKS KATPAARASK RIVLPEPSIR SVMQKYLAER NEITFDKIFN 
    QKIGFLLFKD FCLNEINEAV PQVKFYEEIK EYEKLDNEED RLCRSRQIYD AYIMKELLSC 
    SHPFSKQAVE HVQSHLSKKQ VTSTLFQPYI EEICESLRGD IFQKFMESDK FTRFCQWKNV 
    ELNIHLTMNE FSVHRIIGRG GFGEVYGCRK ADTGKMYAMK CLDKKRIKMK QGETLALNER 
    IMLSLVSTGD CPFIVCMTYA FHTPDKLCFI LDLMNGGDLH YHLSQHGVFS EKEMRFYATE 
    IILGLEHMHN RFVVYRDLKP ANILLDEHGH ARISDLGLAC DFSKKKPHAS VGTHGYMAPE 
    VLQKGTAYDS SADWFSLGCM LFKLLRG

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.