Details for: AP2A2

Gene ID: 161

Symbol: AP2A2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000183020

Description: adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit alpha 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 318.2997
    Cell Significance Index: -49.5100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 199.0196
    Cell Significance Index: -50.4800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 117.0882
    Cell Significance Index: -55.2800
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 114.1888
    Cell Significance Index: -46.3900
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 100.1973
    Cell Significance Index: -51.5400
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 48.8927
    Cell Significance Index: -46.6800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 41.4695
    Cell Significance Index: -51.1300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 19.2097
    Cell Significance Index: -51.4600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 14.9375
    Cell Significance Index: -45.8800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 13.2563
    Cell Significance Index: -52.3100
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 8.2610
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 3.1910
    Cell Significance Index: 79.5800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 2.0515
    Cell Significance Index: 411.5300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.8690
    Cell Significance Index: 370.9000
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.5019
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1000
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 1.4066
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 1.2521
    Cell Significance Index: 449.1200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.2286
    Cell Significance Index: 121.5400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.0227
    Cell Significance Index: 111.2400
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.9695
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.9250
    Cell Significance Index: 41.9300
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.8823
    Cell Significance Index: 52.9700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.7899
    Cell Significance Index: 128.4700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.7871
    Cell Significance Index: 49.6100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.7462
    Cell Significance Index: 134.5200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.6916
    Cell Significance Index: 26.1900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.6651
    Cell Significance Index: 29.4200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.6406
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.5941
    Cell Significance Index: 12.8700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.5668
    Cell Significance Index: 392.0100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5648
    Cell Significance Index: 308.4400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.5367
    Cell Significance Index: 15.0000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4875
    Cell Significance Index: 33.7100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4682
    Cell Significance Index: 64.3000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4594
    Cell Significance Index: 56.4900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.3268
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.3007
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2992
    Cell Significance Index: 13.9500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.2911
    Cell Significance Index: 395.8700
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.2835
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2175
    Cell Significance Index: 196.4200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.1919
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7700
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.1838
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1586
    Cell Significance Index: 70.1100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.1510
    Cell Significance Index: 232.4500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.1473
    Cell Significance Index: 271.6200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.1399
    Cell Significance Index: 263.5100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1067
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0639
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0524
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0476
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1200
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6500
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0082
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3700
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0374
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0390
    Cell Significance Index: -29.5500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0600
    Cell Significance Index: -33.8200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0702
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1264
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6200
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1331
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1594
    Cell Significance Index: -45.8600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1599
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5200
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1609
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1691
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1729
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1600
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1731
    Cell Significance Index: -25.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1764
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2100
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2251
    Cell Significance Index: -26.5500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2313
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.3708
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3879
    Cell Significance Index: -40.3900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.3918
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.4713
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4300
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.4763
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.4852
    Cell Significance Index: -55.3800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.4934
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.5013
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.5319
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.5776
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.6615
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.6813
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5100
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.7028
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.7084
    Cell Significance Index: -22.6900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.7292
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.7306
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.7350
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.7599
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.7627
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.7666
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2700
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.7729
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.7805
    Cell Significance Index: -47.8500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.7889
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.8193
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3000
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.8705
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** AP2A2 is a subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2), which is a conserved family of adaptor proteins involved in various cellular processes, including endocytosis, signaling, and transcription regulation. AP2A2 is specifically characterized by its ability to bind to and regulate the activity of various signaling molecules, including Wnt proteins, Eph receptors, and receptor tyrosine kinases. Its distinct domain structure, comprising a cytoplasmic and transmembrane domain, allows for its interaction with multiple cellular components. **Pathways and Functions:** AP2A2 is involved in numerous cellular pathways, including: 1. **Adaptive Immune System:** AP2A2 plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by regulating the activity of MHC class II molecules and influencing the presentation of antigens to T-cells. 2. **Axon Guidance:** AP2A2 is involved in axon guidance and neuronal development, regulating the trafficking of synaptic receptors and neurotransmitters. 3. **Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis:** AP2A2 is a key component of the clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle, facilitating the internalization of receptors, ligands, and other cellular components. 4. **Cargo Recognition for Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis:** AP2A2 recognizes and binds to specific cargo molecules, facilitating their internalization and regulation of cellular signaling. **Clinical Significance:** The involvement of AP2A2 in various diseases highlights its clinical significance: 1. **HIV-1 Replication:** AP2A2 is a target for HIV-1 Nef, a viral protein that down-regulates cell surface receptors, facilitating viral entry and replication. 2. **SARS-CoV Infections:** AP2A2 is involved in the regulation of SARS-CoV entry and replication, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. 3. **Immune System Dysregulation:** AP2A2 dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-related disorders, including multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 4. **Cancer:** AP2A2 has been identified as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, with its expression altered in various tumor types. In conclusion, AP2A2 is a multifaceted gene involved in various cellular processes, including immune regulation, axon guidance, and disease pathogenesis. Its clinical significance underscores the importance of understanding its role in human health and disease, with potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2341473117

Symbol: AP2A2_HUMAN

Name: 100 kDa coated vesicle protein C

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10048485

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.

PubMed ID: 10048485

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/5.6.355

PubMed ID: 12168954

Title: Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones.

PubMed ID: 12168954

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9700202

Title: Huntingtin interacts with a family of WW domain proteins.

PubMed ID: 9700202

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.9.1463

PubMed ID: 11532990

Title: The huntingtin interacting protein HIP1 is a clathrin and alpha-adaptin-binding protein involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis.

PubMed ID: 11532990

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.17.1807

PubMed ID: 14745134

Title: Adaptor protein complexes as the key regulators of protein sorting in the post-Golgi network.

PubMed ID: 14745134

DOI: 10.1247/csf.28.419

PubMed ID: 12960147

Title: Effect of clathrin heavy chain- and alpha-adaptin-specific small inhibitory RNAs on endocytic accessory proteins and receptor trafficking in HeLa cells.

PubMed ID: 12960147

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m307290200

PubMed ID: 15473838

Title: Adaptors for clathrin coats: structure and function.

PubMed ID: 15473838

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.104543

PubMed ID: 15598649

Title: AP-1 and AP-3 facilitate lysosomal targeting of Batten disease protein CLN3 via its dileucine motif.

PubMed ID: 15598649

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411862200

PubMed ID: 19033387

Title: The adaptor complex AP-2 regulates post-endocytic trafficking through the non-clathrin Arf6-dependent endocytic pathway.

PubMed ID: 19033387

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.033522

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22262466

Title: AP2 adaptor complex mediates bile salt export pump internalization and modulates its hepatocanalicular expression and transport function.

PubMed ID: 22262466

DOI: 10.1002/hep.25591

PubMed ID: 22484487

Title: Distinct and separable activities of the endocytic clathrin-coat components Fcho1/2 and AP-2 in developmental patterning.

PubMed ID: 22484487

DOI: 10.1038/ncb2473

PubMed ID: 23676497

Title: Endocytosis of synaptic ADAM10 in neuronal plasticity and Alzheimer's disease.

PubMed ID: 23676497

DOI: 10.1172/jci65401

PubMed ID: 24097348

Title: alphaTAT1 catalyses microtubule acetylation at clathrin-coated pits.

PubMed ID: 24097348

DOI: 10.1038/nature12571

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 29262337

Title: APache is an AP2-interacting protein involved in synaptic vesicle trafficking and neuronal development.

PubMed ID: 29262337

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.073

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 939
  • Mass: 103960
  • Checksum: A8D3CC1B15B8C6BF
  • Sequence:
  • MPAVSKGDGM RGLAVFISDI RNCKSKEAEI KRINKELANI RSKFKGDKAL DGYSKKKYVC 
    KLLFIFLLGH DIDFGHMEAV NLLSSNRYTE KQIGYLFISV LVNSNSELIR LINNAIKNDL 
    ASRNPTFMGL ALHCIASVGS REMAEAFAGE IPKVLVAGDT MDSVKQSAAL CLLRLYRTSP 
    DLVPMGDWTS RVVHLLNDQH LGVVTAATSL ITTLAQKNPE EFKTSVSLAV SRLSRIVTSA 
    STDLQDYTYY FVPAPWLSVK LLRLLQCYPP PDPAVRGRLT ECLETILNKA QEPPKSKKVQ 
    HSNAKNAVLF EAISLIIHHD SEPNLLVRAC NQLGQFLQHR ETNLRYLALE SMCTLASSEF 
    SHEAVKTHIE TVINALKTER DVSVRQRAVD LLYAMCDRSN APQIVAEMLS YLETADYSIR 
    EEIVLKVAIL AEKYAVDYTW YVDTILNLIR IAGDYVSEEV WYRVIQIVIN RDDVQGYAAK 
    TVFEALQAPA CHENLVKVGG YILGEFGNLI AGDPRSSPLI QFHLLHSKFH LCSVPTRALL 
    LSTYIKFVNL FPEVKPTIQD VLRSDSQLRN ADVELQQRAV EYLRLSTVAS TDILATVLEE 
    MPPFPERESS ILAKLKKKKG PSTVTDLEDT KRDRSVDVNG GPEPAPASTS AVSTPSPSAD 
    LLGLGAAPPA PAGPPPSSGG SGLLVDVFSD SASVVAPLAP GSEDNFARFV CKNNGVLFEN 
    QLLQIGLKSE FRQNLGRMFI FYGNKTSTQF LNFTPTLICS DDLQPNLNLQ TKPVDPTVEG 
    GAQVQQVVNI ECVSDFTEAP VLNIQFRYGG TFQNVSVQLP ITLNKFFQPT EMASQDFFQR 
    WKQLSNPQQE VQNIFKAKHP MDTEVTKAKI IGFGSALLEE VDPNPANFVG AGIIHTKTTQ 
    IGCLLRLEPN LQAQMYRLTL RTSKEAVSQR LCELLSAQF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.