Details for: DAO

Gene ID: 1610

Symbol: DAO

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000110887

Description: D-amino acid oxidase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: retina horizontal cell (CL0000745)
    Fold Change: 3.27
    Marker Score: 3136
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Marker Score: 4079
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Marker Score: 1879
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 2954
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Marker Score: 415
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 16691
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 2512
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 1107
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 330
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71814
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48039
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30407
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2413
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 5322
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2740
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 3172
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5282
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1268
  • Cell Name: goblet cell (CL0000160)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 5181
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 708
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 395
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 418
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 204
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 472
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 689
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 263
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 465
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 256
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.49
    Marker Score: 217
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 116
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 0.35
    Marker Score: 1525
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.34
    Marker Score: 128
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 179
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.3
    Marker Score: 1958
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 164
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 110
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 767
  • Cell Name: retinal cone cell (CL0000573)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 769
  • Cell Name: ciliated epithelial cell (CL0000067)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 122
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 1389
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 83
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 163
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 133
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 2840
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 60
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 259
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 78
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 292
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 171
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 165
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 1615
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 143
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 91
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 327
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 1451
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 99
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 611
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 239
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: mature microglial cell (CL0002629)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: blood vessel smooth muscle cell (CL0019018)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: glomerular endothelial cell (CL0002188)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 89
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: meningeal macrophage (CL0000879)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: starburst amacrine cell (CL0004232)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 136
  • Cell Name: bronchial epithelial cell (CL0002328)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 7385
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: glomerular capillary endothelial cell (CL1001005)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: vasa recta ascending limb cell (CL1001131)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 999
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: vasa recta descending limb cell (CL1001285)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 112
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of sweat gland (CL1000448)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 55
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 69
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 114
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 127
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 611
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 32
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 29.5
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 3695
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 168
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 286
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 229
  • Cell Name: peritubular capillary endothelial cell (CL1001033)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 28

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - It is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of D-amino acids to their corresponding keto acids. - It is a multi-functional enzyme with a wide substrate specificity. - It is involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including the D-alanine catabolic process, D-amino acid catabolic process, and D-serine catabolic process. - It is also involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. **Pathways and functions:** - The DAO gene is involved in the degradation of D-amino acids produced during protein metabolism. - It is crucial for the proper functioning of the retina, where it is expressed in horizontal cells. - It is also involved in the regulation of cardiac function, as it is expressed in cardiac endothelial cells. - DAO is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and their derivatives, including glycine and proline. - It plays a role in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the DAO gene have been linked to several human diseases, including retinal dystrophy, cardiomyopathy, and immunodeficiency. - DAO inhibitors are being investigated as potential therapeutic agents for these diseases. - Studies on DAO have also shown potential for the development of novel strategies for cancer treatment. **Additional notes:** - The DAO gene is also known as SDH. - It is a highly conserved enzyme with a similar sequence in mammals. - It is a multi-domain protein with a complex structure.

Genular Protein ID: 1329285078

Symbol: OXDA_HUMAN

Name: D-amino-acid oxidase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P14920 B2R7I5 Q16758 Q8N6R2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 14 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 8 DrugCentral 1 EC 2 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 13 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 24 PDBsum 22 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 3 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2901986

Title: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding human kidney D-amino acid oxidase.

PubMed ID: 2901986

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80252-7

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1356107

Title: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human gene encoding D-amino-acid oxidase.

PubMed ID: 1356107

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)37007-3

PubMed ID: 12364586

Title: Genetic and physiological data implicating the new human gene G72 and the gene for D-amino acid oxidase in schizophrenia.

PubMed ID: 12364586

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.182412499

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 17088322

Title: Crystal structure of human D-amino acid oxidase: context-dependent variability of the backbone conformation of the VAAGL hydrophobic stretch located at the si-face of the flavin ring.

PubMed ID: 17088322

DOI: 10.1110/ps.062421606

PubMed ID: 17303072

Title: Structural basis of D-DOPA oxidation by D-amino acid oxidase: alternative pathway for dopamine biosynthesis.

PubMed ID: 17303072

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.181

PubMed ID: 18455394

Title: The discovery of fused pyrrole carboxylic acids as novel, potent D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 18455394

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.04.020

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 347
  • Mass: 39474
  • Checksum: A508E603872F3072
  • Sequence:
    • MRVVVIGAGV IGLSTALCIH ERYHSVLQPL DIKVYADRFT PLTTTDVAAG LWQPYLSDPN 
NPQEADWSQQ TFDYLLSHVH SPNAENLGLF LISGYNLFHE AIPDPSWKDT VLGFRKLTPR 
ELDMFPDYGY GWFHTSLILE GKNYLQWLTE RLTERGVKFF QRKVESFEEV AREGADVIVN 
CTGVWAGALQ RDPLLQPGRG QIMKVDAPWM KHFILTHDPE RGIYNSPYII PGTQTVTLGG 
IFQLGNWSEL NNIQDHNTIW EGCCRLEPTL KNARIIGERT GFRPVRPQIR LEREQLRTGP 
SNTEVIHNYG HGGYGLTIHW GCALEAAKLF GRILEEKKLS RMPPSHL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.