Details for: AK4

Gene ID: 205

Symbol: AK4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000162433

Description: adenylate kinase 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 179.1119
    Cell Significance Index: -27.8600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 107.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -27.1900
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 66.7561
    Cell Significance Index: -27.5000
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 22.6772
    Cell Significance Index: -27.9600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 10.7322
    Cell Significance Index: -28.7500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 7.1033
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0300
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 4.8342
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 2.9292
    Cell Significance Index: 557.4500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.7077
    Cell Significance Index: 338.9100
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 1.6736
    Cell Significance Index: 12.9000
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 1.2052
    Cell Significance Index: 20.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 1.1019
    Cell Significance Index: 179.2100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.1003
    Cell Significance Index: 18.5400
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.0306
    Cell Significance Index: 61.8700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.8074
    Cell Significance Index: 61.9600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.7953
    Cell Significance Index: 17.2300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.5788
    Cell Significance Index: 40.0300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.5701
    Cell Significance Index: 26.8000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5595
    Cell Significance Index: 25.3600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.5330
    Cell Significance Index: 106.9200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.5317
    Cell Significance Index: 24.7900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4873
    Cell Significance Index: 48.2000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4418
    Cell Significance Index: 54.3200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.4406
    Cell Significance Index: 31.1600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4273
    Cell Significance Index: 77.0300
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.4093
    Cell Significance Index: 52.8800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.3741
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3683
    Cell Significance Index: 132.1000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.3675
    Cell Significance Index: 24.7100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.3649
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6000
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3277
    Cell Significance Index: 144.8700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.2654
    Cell Significance Index: 144.9400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.2544
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2268
    Cell Significance Index: 156.8300
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.2210
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.2064
    Cell Significance Index: 15.3800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2062
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.1928
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.1763
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.1565
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.1217
    Cell Significance Index: 165.5000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.1036
    Cell Significance Index: 47.0400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0894
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: 128.5300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0722
    Cell Significance Index: 45.8600
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0607
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.0515
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0283
    Cell Significance Index: 53.3300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: 46.3600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0046
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0126
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0155
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0324
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0340
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0379
    Cell Significance Index: -28.6600
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0438
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.0653
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0766
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0777
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0802
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0820
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0000
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0888
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0954
    Cell Significance Index: -20.1000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1128
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1472
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.1719
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.1901
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2070
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2134
    Cell Significance Index: -22.2200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2278
    Cell Significance Index: -26.8600
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2584
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9700
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: -0.2854
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous adipocyte (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: -0.2894
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3024
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3086
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.3276
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3551
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.3610
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.3777
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.4067
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.4359
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1300
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.4371
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4500
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.4407
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4427
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4556
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.4823
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1700
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.5043
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: -0.5178
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2400
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5502
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.5641
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4700
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.5911
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4600
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: -0.5960
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.6012
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.6012
    Cell Significance Index: -19.2600
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.6029
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** AK4 is a member of the adenylate kinase family, which is responsible for maintaining the balance of adenylate and ATP levels within cells. This enzyme is characterized by its ability to catalyze the interconversion of adenylate and ATP, as well as its involvement in various cellular processes, including energy metabolism, nucleotide biosynthesis, and response to hypoxia. AK4 exhibits high specificity for its substrates, adenylate and ATP, and its activity is crucial for maintaining the energy homeostasis of cells. **Pathways and Functions:** AK4 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Adenylate Kinase Activity**: AK4 catalyzes the interconversion of adenylate and ATP, playing a critical role in maintaining energy homeostasis. 2. **Adp Biosynthetic Process**: AK4 is involved in the biosynthesis of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from ATP, which is essential for energy metabolism. 3. **Amp Metabolic Process**: AK4 regulates the metabolic process of AMP (adenosine monophosphate) to ATP, maintaining the balance of adenylate and ATP levels. 4. **Cellular Response to Hypoxia**: AK4 is involved in the cellular response to hypoxia, helping to maintain energy homeostasis under low oxygen conditions. 5. **Nucleoside Biosynthesis**: AK4 plays a role in the biosynthesis of nucleosides, including adenine, guanine, and cytosine, which are essential for nucleic acid synthesis. **Clinical Significance:** AK4 has significant clinical implications, particularly in the context of: 1. **Neurological Disorders**: AK4's involvement in neuronal energy metabolism makes it a potential target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. 2. **Cancer**: AK4's role in nucleotide biosynthesis and energy metabolism makes it a potential target for cancer therapy. 3. **Cardiovascular Diseases**: AK4's involvement in energy metabolism and response to hypoxia makes it a potential target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure. 4. **Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1)**: AK4's role in cellular response to hypoxia makes it a potential target for the treatment of HIF-1-related diseases, such as anemia and cancer. In conclusion, the AK4 gene plays a crucial role in maintaining energy homeostasis, nucleotide biosynthesis, and cellular response to hypoxia. Its significance in various cellular processes and diseases makes it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of AK4 and its potential applications in clinical settings.

Genular Protein ID: 1967786300

Symbol: KAD4_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1639383

Title: Characterization of human adenylate kinase 3 (AK3) cDNA and mapping of the AK3 pseudogene to an intron of the NF1 gene.

PubMed ID: 1639383

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90122-9

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11485571

Title: Structure and expression of human mitochondrial adenylate kinase targeted to the mitochondrial matrix.

PubMed ID: 11485571

DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3580225

PubMed ID: 19130895

Title: Enzymatically inactive adenylate kinase 4 interacts with mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocase.

PubMed ID: 19130895

DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.12.002

PubMed ID: 19766732

Title: Evidence of an intact N-terminal translocation sequence of human mitochondrial adenylate kinase 4.

PubMed ID: 19766732

DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.09.007

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23474458

Title: Differential expression of adenylate kinase 4 in the context of disparate stress response strategies of HEK293 and HepG2 cells.

PubMed ID: 23474458

DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.02.014

PubMed ID: 23416111

Title: The human adenylate kinase 9 is a nucleoside mono- and diphosphate kinase.

PubMed ID: 23416111

DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.02.004

PubMed ID: 24767988

Title: A mitochondrial RNAi screen defines cellular bioenergetic determinants and identifies an adenylate kinase as a key regulator of ATP levels.

PubMed ID: 24767988

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.03.065

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 26980435

Title: Modulation of anti-cancer drug sensitivity through the regulation of mitochondrial activity by adenylate kinase 4.

PubMed ID: 26980435

DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0322-2

PubMed ID: 19073142

Title: Crystal structure of human adenylate kinase 4 (L171P) suggests the role of hinge region in protein domain motion.

PubMed ID: 19073142

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.012

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 223
  • Mass: 25268
  • Checksum: 653341A8EB3BC723
  • Sequence:
  • MASKLLRAVI LGPPGSGKGT VCQRIAQNFG LQHLSSGHFL RENIKASTEV GEMAKQYIEK 
    SLLVPDHVIT RLMMSELENR RGQHWLLDGF PRTLGQAEAL DKICEVDLVI SLNIPFETLK 
    DRLSRRWIHP PSGRVYNLDF NPPHVHGIDD VTGEPLVQQE DDKPEAVAAR LRQYKDVAKP 
    VIELYKSRGV LHQFSGTETN KIWPYVYTLF SNKITPIQSK EAY

Genular Protein ID: 80100134

Symbol: F8VS11_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 171
  • Mass: 19781
  • Checksum: 88D269262743092C
  • Sequence:
  • MAKQYIEKSL LVPDHVITRL MMSELENRRG QHWLLDGFPR TLGQAEALDK ICEVDLVISL 
    NIPFETLKDR LSRRWIHPPS GRVYNLDFNP PHVHGIDDVT GEPLVQQEDD KPEAVAARLR 
    QYKDVAKPVI ELYKSRGVLH QFSGTETNKI WPYVYTLFSN KITPIQSKEA Y

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.