Details for: ALDH9A1

Gene ID: 223

Symbol: ALDH9A1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143149

Description: aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family member A1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 208.0424
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 121.2332
    Cell Significance Index: -30.7500
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 94.9271
    Cell Significance Index: -39.1100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 79.6615
    Cell Significance Index: -37.6100
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 79.5063
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3000
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 70.4530
    Cell Significance Index: -36.2400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 56.2128
    Cell Significance Index: -37.7200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 29.4414
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 10.7900
    Cell Significance Index: -28.9100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 9.3030
    Cell Significance Index: -36.7100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 7.2995
    Cell Significance Index: -22.4200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 4.0590
    Cell Significance Index: 280.7000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 2.8722
    Cell Significance Index: 467.1400
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: 2.8631
    Cell Significance Index: 30.4200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.6366
    Cell Significance Index: 122.9300
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 2.4717
    Cell Significance Index: 148.3900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 2.1861
    Cell Significance Index: 254.7700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.9595
    Cell Significance Index: 52.5100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 1.4240
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 1.2897
    Cell Significance Index: 91.2100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.0809
    Cell Significance Index: 148.4400
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.9831
    Cell Significance Index: 25.8500
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 0.8300
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6300
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.8180
    Cell Significance Index: 11.1600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.7101
    Cell Significance Index: 387.8200
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.6997
    Cell Significance Index: 90.3900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.6849
    Cell Significance Index: 302.8200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.6075
    Cell Significance Index: 28.5500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.5690
    Cell Significance Index: 69.9700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.5242
    Cell Significance Index: 67.2000
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.5173
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.5132
    Cell Significance Index: 97.6700
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4907
    Cell Significance Index: 88.4500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.4884
    Cell Significance Index: 36.4000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.4464
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.4341
    Cell Significance Index: 124.8900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4132
    Cell Significance Index: 82.0100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.3685
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.3662
    Cell Significance Index: 39.8400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.3293
    Cell Significance Index: 17.1100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.2580
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2489
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.2238
    Cell Significance Index: 38.2200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1830
    Cell Significance Index: 36.7100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1550
    Cell Significance Index: 55.6000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1471
    Cell Significance Index: 17.3500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.1306
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4300
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1286
    Cell Significance Index: 12.7200
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 0.1069
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0379
    Cell Significance Index: 27.7800
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.0294
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.0258
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: 13.2400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0141
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: -31.7400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0218
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0270
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0282
    Cell Significance Index: -38.2900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0382
    Cell Significance Index: -21.5400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0555
    Cell Significance Index: -25.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0685
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0735
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0968
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1509
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1757
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1864
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1882
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.1929
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2100
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2235
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2666
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5400
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: -0.2860
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2937
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2974
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.3077
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3494
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.3557
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3926
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4147
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.4262
    Cell Significance Index: -28.6600
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.4510
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.4605
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9000
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.4686
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4817
    Cell Significance Index: -25.0900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.5562
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1100
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.5614
    Cell Significance Index: -34.4200
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.6384
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.6656
    Cell Significance Index: -29.4400
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.6967
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **Enzyme Function**: ALDH9A1 is an aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids, thereby detoxifying these potentially toxic compounds. 2. **Metabolic Pathways**: This gene is involved in various metabolic pathways, including 1-pyrroline dehydrogenase activity, 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase activity, Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity, and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (non-phosphorylating) activity. 3. **Cellular Localization**: ALDH9A1 is primarily localized in the cytosol and extracellular exosome, indicating its role in regulating aldehyde metabolism in various cell types. 4. **Protein Structure**: The ALDH9A1 enzyme is a homotetramer, consisting of four subunits, which facilitates its catalytic activity. **Pathways and Functions** 1. **Aldehyde Metabolism**: ALDH9A1 is responsible for the oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids, thereby detoxifying these compounds and maintaining cellular homeostasis. 2. **Amino Acid Metabolism**: This gene is also involved in the metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, which is a key intermediate in glycolysis. 3. **Carnitine Biosynthesis**: ALDH9A1 plays a role in the biosynthesis of carnitine, an essential amino acid that facilitates the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation. 4. **Cellular Homeostasis**: The regulation of aldehyde metabolism by ALDH9A1 is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, particularly in cells exposed to oxidative stress. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Cancer**: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family member A1 has been implicated in various cancers, including esophageal, salivary gland, and ovarian cancers, where it may contribute to tumorigenesis and progression. 2. **Neurological Disorders**: The dysregulation of aldehyde metabolism, mediated by ALDH9A1, may contribute to neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 3. **Metabolic Disorders**: The impairment of carnitine biosynthesis, mediated by ALDH9A1, may contribute to metabolic disorders such as carnitine deficiency and fatty acid oxidation disorders. 4. **Toxicology**: The role of ALDH9A1 in detoxifying aldehydes makes it a potential target for the development of therapeutic agents aimed at mitigating the effects of aldehyde toxicity. In conclusion, ALDH9A1 is a multifunctional enzyme that plays a crucial role in various metabolic pathways, including aldehyde metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and carnitine biosynthesis. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and metabolic disorders, highlighting the importance of this gene in maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall health.

Genular Protein ID: 3421475646

Symbol: AL9A1_HUMAN

Name: 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8786138

Title: Human gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH9): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, polymorphism, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression.

PubMed ID: 8786138

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0300

PubMed ID: 10702312

Title: Molecular and biochemical characterization of rat gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase and evidence for the involvement of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 in carnitine biosynthesis.

PubMed ID: 10702312

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.10.7390

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8645224

Title: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from adult human brain that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde: purification, characterization, cloning and distribution.

PubMed ID: 8645224

DOI: 10.1042/bj3160317

PubMed ID: 8269919

Title: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. cDNA cloning and primary structure of the enzyme that catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde.

PubMed ID: 8269919

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18379.x

PubMed ID: 2925663

Title: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Purification and characterization of a third isozyme with low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde.

PubMed ID: 2925663

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83802-9

PubMed ID: 1799975

Title: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3): comparison of subcellular localization of the third isozyme that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde in rat, guinea pig and human liver.

PubMed ID: 1799975

DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(91)90382-n

PubMed ID: 2071588

Title: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Activity with aldehyde metabolites of monoamines, diamines, and polyamines.

PubMed ID: 2071588

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)98796-x

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 30914451

Title: Kinetic and structural analysis of human ALDH9A1.

PubMed ID: 30914451

DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190558

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 494
  • Mass: 53802
  • Checksum: 1E1CDF910D763BA1
  • Sequence:
  • MSTGTFVVSQ PLNYRGGARV EPADASGTEK AFEPATGRVI ATFTCSGEKE VNLAVQNAKA 
    AFKIWSQKSG MERCRILLEA ARIIREREDE IATMECINNG KSIFEARLDI DISWQCLEYY 
    AGLAASMAGE HIQLPGGSFG YTRREPLGVC VGIGAWNYPF QIASWKSAPA LACGNAMVFK 
    PSPFTPVSAL LLAEIYSEAG VPPGLFNVVQ GGAATGQFLC QHPDVAKVSF TGSVPTGMKI 
    MEMSAKGIKP VTLELGGKSP LIIFSDCDMN NAVKGALMAN FLTQGQVCCN GTRVFVQKEI 
    LDKFTEEVVK QTQRIKIGDP LLEDTRMGPL INRPHLERVL GFVKVAKEQG AKVLCGGDIY 
    VPEDPKLKDG YYMRPCVLTN CRDDMTCVKE EIFGPVMSIL SFDTEAEVLE RANDTTFGLA 
    AGVFTRDIQR AHRVVAELQA GTCFINNYNV SPVELPFGGY KKSGFGRENG RVTIEYYSQL 
    KTVCVEMGDV ESAF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.