Details for: TUT4

Gene ID: 23318

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: TUT4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000134744

Description: terminal uridylyl transferase 4

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 59.56
    rCSI 81.5%
    PRS 16.17
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 52.63
    rCSI 62.87%
    PRS 9.37
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 49.15
    rCSI 61.15%
    PRS 8.88
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 48.59
    rCSI 81.56%
    PRS 9.57
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 44.49
    rCSI 78.58%
    PRS 9.52
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 42.81
    rCSI 68.9%
    PRS 12.47
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 42.74
    rCSI 68.73%
    PRS 10.41
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 42.06
    rCSI 64.11%
    PRS 15.05
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 42.02
    rCSI 54.17%
    PRS 10.05
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 36.98
    rCSI 67.18%
    PRS 13.36
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 28.45
    rCSI 69.14%
    PRS 9.35
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 26.99
    rCSI 84.41%
    PRS 10.98
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 26.79
    rCSI 38.44%
    PRS 12.58
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 25
    rCSI 35.44%
    PRS 15.08
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 23.59
    rCSI 73.73%
    PRS 10.21
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 23.4
    rCSI 27.02%
    PRS 14.2
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 22.62
    rCSI 42.37%
    PRS 11.64
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 21.83
    rCSI 74.78%
    PRS 14.02
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 21.64
    rCSI 38.88%
    PRS 13.46
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 21.45
    rCSI 81.07%
    PRS 9.81
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 21
    rCSI 46.39%
    PRS 11.61
  • H1 horizontal cell CL0004217
    CSI 20.03
    rCSI 79.35%
    PRS 22.12
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 19.95
    rCSI 87.65%
    PRS 13.22
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 18.78
    rCSI 67.58%
    PRS 8.94
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 18.22
    rCSI 48.51%
    PRS 13.1
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 17.28
    rCSI 85.89%
    PRS 17.23
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 15.18
    rCSI 12.16%
    PRS 29.14
  • diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032
    CSI 14.93
    rCSI 78.52%
    PRS 18.65
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 14.8
    rCSI 20.57%
    PRS 16.65
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 14.32
    rCSI 25.24%
    PRS 16.01
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 13.92
    rCSI 18.61%
    PRS 21.36
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 13.87
    rCSI 10.38%
    PRS 26.09
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 13.77
    rCSI 11.4%
    PRS 16.34
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 13.39
    rCSI 19.11%
    PRS 18.28
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 13.37
    rCSI 38.74%
    PRS 12.45
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 13.35
    rCSI 9.28%
    PRS 19.21
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 13.27
    rCSI 90.29%
    PRS 16.26
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 13.16
    rCSI 87.34%
    PRS 16.48
  • invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034
    CSI 12.83
    rCSI 75.79%
    PRS 16.83
  • OFFx cell CL4033036
    CSI 12.01
    rCSI 56.51%
    PRS 16.61
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 12.01
    rCSI 70.7%
    PRS 10.01
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 11.75
    rCSI 30.61%
    PRS 16.01
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 11.73
    rCSI 15.05%
    PRS 15.76
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 11.6
    rCSI 25.53%
    PRS 11.11
  • flat midget bipolar cell CL4033033
    CSI 10.85
    rCSI 77.59%
    PRS 16.07
  • diffuse bipolar 2 cell CL4033028
    CSI 10.8
    rCSI 83.65%
    PRS 16.75
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 10.33
    rCSI 6.96%
    PRS 19.59
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 10.33
    rCSI 77.65%
    PRS 15.29
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 10.25
    rCSI 41.37%
    PRS 14.55
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 9.88
    rCSI 27.15%
    PRS 26.76
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 9.84
    rCSI 72.34%
    PRS 8.92
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 9.81
    rCSI 21.99%
    PRS 10.01
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 9.47
    rCSI 15.11%
    PRS 13.93
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 9.23
    rCSI 11.86%
    PRS 15.93
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 9.14
    rCSI 18.35%
    PRS 12
  • naive B cell CL0000788
    CSI 8.73
    rCSI 7.49%
    PRS 27.21
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 8.62
    rCSI 22.39%
    PRS 21.14
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 8.59
    rCSI 6.94%
    PRS 25.65
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 8.54
    rCSI 9.61%
    PRS 26
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 8.51
    rCSI 11.64%
    PRS 25.88
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 18.21%
    PRS 10.03
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 8.36
    rCSI 12.29%
    PRS 14.86
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 8.01
    rCSI 11.09%
    PRS 23.12
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 7.98
    rCSI 31.07%
    PRS 26.57
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 7.82
    rCSI 5.49%
    PRS 39.68
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 7.74
    rCSI 7.45%
    PRS 16.77
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 7.68
    rCSI 21.6%
    PRS 22.33
  • starburst amacrine cell CL0004232
    CSI 7.55
    rCSI 63.53%
    PRS 16.31
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 7.47
    rCSI 15.16%
    PRS 7.65
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 7.38
    rCSI 18.97%
    PRS 21.73
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 7.28
    rCSI 5.06%
    PRS 22.98
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 7.19
    rCSI 19.22%
    PRS 13.45
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 6.95
    rCSI 18.33%
    PRS 19.4
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 6.87
    rCSI 5.43%
    PRS 11.14
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 6.69
    rCSI 5.09%
    PRS 21.35
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 6.67
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 19.48
  • diffuse bipolar 4 cell CL4033031
    CSI 6.61
    rCSI 75.73%
    PRS 17.76
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 6.53
    rCSI 12.46%
    PRS 25.84
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 6.45
    rCSI 52.5%
    PRS 16.57
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 6.41
    rCSI 18.93%
    PRS 19.59
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 6.35
    rCSI 11.91%
    PRS 31.71
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 6.25
    rCSI 4.73%
    PRS 22.26
  • CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939
    CSI 6.23
    rCSI 4.15%
    PRS 40.53
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 6.08
    rCSI 52.42%
    PRS 6.68
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 6.03
    rCSI 4.69%
    PRS 23.56
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 5.97
    rCSI 22.35%
    PRS 13.74
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 5.93
    rCSI 5.21%
    PRS 18.44
  • memory B cell CL0000787
    CSI 5.84
    rCSI 5.77%
    PRS 56.4
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 5.82
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 21.55
  • B cell CL0000236
    CSI 5.79
    rCSI 7.75%
    PRS 58.1
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 5.79
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 23.97
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 5.76
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 27.31
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 8.55%
    PRS 19.55
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 5.75
    rCSI 15.85%
    PRS 15.08
  • subcutaneous adipocyte CL0002521
    CSI 5.74
    rCSI 29.42%
    PRS 15.44
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 6.93%
    PRS 20.44
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 5.62
    rCSI 8.68%
    PRS 15.15
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 5.52
    rCSI 6.47%
    PRS 21.73
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 5.49
    rCSI 5.08%
    PRS 29.3
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 5.47
    rCSI 8.36%
    PRS 26.35
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI -2.6
    rCSI -14.1%
    PRS 28.9%
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI -2.1
    rCSI -2.0%
    PRS 25.4%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 31.6%
  • odontoblast CL0000060
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 61.4%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 23.7%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 20.3%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 31.0%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 26.4%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 14.9%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 28.2%
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 38.8%
  • pluripotent stem cell CL0002248
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 12.3%
    PRS 36.3%
  • cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 51.9%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 35.9%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 24.8%
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 17.4%
  • cerebellar neuron CL1001611
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 9.1%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 28.3%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 29.1%
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 8.4%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 16.3%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 16.3%
    PRS 29.9%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 17.7%
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 37.1%
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 49.1%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 17.0%
  • CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human CL0001074
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 56.8%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 28.2%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 33.1%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 34.8%
  • epithelial cell of nephron CL1000449
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 60.3%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 31.6%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 24.1%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 32.5%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 36.7%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 22.5%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 20.9%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 15.0%
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 16.6%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 9.2%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 18.6%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 28.1%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 12.8%
    PRS 21.8%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 43.6%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 32.8%
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 49.2%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 21.0%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 16.4%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 19.3%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 16.6%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 41.8%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 28.4%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 22.7%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 43.7%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 15.1%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 20.8%
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 25.8%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 18.6%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 24.7%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 18.4%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 16.2%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 27.8%
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 59.5%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 20.2%
  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 26.7%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 9.6%
    PRS 12.7%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 24.9%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 21.9%
  • mesothelial cell CL0000077
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 4.4%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 17.2%
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 37.9%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 18.8%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 18.6%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 36.2%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 27.9%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 21.4%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 20.1%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 15.3%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 16.8%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 43.2%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 27.3%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 17.2%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 7.7%
    PRS 40.3%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 18.7%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 15.9%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 20.9%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 24.2%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 16.0%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 28.4%
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 10.7%
    PRS 52.0%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 13.1%
    PRS 41.2%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 23.8%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 13.9%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 17.5%
    PRS 27.0%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 18.4%
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 14.9%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 16.0%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 21.7%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 21.3%
  • mature astrocyte CL0002627
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 19.8%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) (Terminal Uridylyl Transferase 4), also known as ZCCHC11, is a protein-coding gene that encodes a key RNA uridylyltransferase. This enzyme plays a fundamental role in post-transcriptional gene regulation by adding uridine residues to the 3' end of RNA molecules. Its primary functions include mediating the degradation of specific mRNAs, such as histone mRNAs, and suppressing the biogenesis of certain microRNAs, most notably the let-7 family, often in concert with the LIN28 protein ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.002)). Expression analysis reveals that [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is a highly significant gene in the central nervous system, with prominent expression in diverse cell types including [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644), various subtypes of GABAergic cortical interneurons, and retinal cells, suggesting a specialized role in maintaining neural cell function and identity through precise RNA control. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) highlights its profound importance within the central nervous system. The gene shows its highest significance in a broad range of neural cell types, indicating a foundational role in CNS biology. The most significant expression is observed in [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644) (CSI: 59.56), a specialized astrocyte of the cerebellum essential for neuronal guidance and synaptic function. Following this, [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is a key marker across multiple, functionally distinct classes of inhibitory neurons, including [VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016), [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018), and [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017). Its high significance extends to retinal cells such as the [retinal cone cell](/details-cell/CL0000573) and [retina horizontal cell](/details-cell/CL0000745), as well as glial precursors like the [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059). This widespread yet specific expression pattern across diverse neural lineages underscores its likely role in regulating the complex post-transcriptional networks required for neuronal and glial specification, maintenance, and function. Notably, the low significance of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) in cell types such as the [luminal cell of prostate epithelium](/details-cell/CL0002340) and the [CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000792) emphasizes its specialized function, suggesting that its regulatory activities are particularly critical within the nervous system as opposed to certain epithelial or immune contexts. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is an RNA-binding protein with RNA uridylyltransferase activity ([GO:0050265](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050265)), a process known as RNA 3' uridylation ([GO:0071076](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0071076)). This enzymatic activity is central to several critical post-transcriptional regulatory pathways. One major role of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is to mark specific RNA molecules for degradation. This is highlighted by its involvement in the [polyuridylation-dependent mrna catabolic process](/details-cell/GO1990074) and the [histone mrna catabolic process](/details-cell/GO0071044). Research has shown that uridylation by TUT4 and its paralog TUT7 serves as a signal for the degradation of replication-dependent histone mRNAs outside of the S-phase and can mark other mRNAs for decay ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.1622708), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.055)). This function is integral to pathways like [Deadenylation-dependent mrna decay](/details-pathway/R-HSA-429914). A second, well-characterized function is the suppression of microRNA biogenesis ([GO:0010587](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0010587)). [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is a key component of the LIN28/let-7 pathway, where it uridylates precursor let-7 microRNAs, blocking their processing by the Dicer enzyme and leading to their degradation ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.002)). This role in stem cell biology and development is supported by its annotation in [stem cell population maintenance](/details-cell/GO0019827) and developmental pathways such as [Maternal to zygotic transition (mzt)](/details-pathway/R-HSA-9816359). Furthermore, recent evidence has implicated [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) in genomic integrity by restricting the mobility of retrotransposons through mRNA destabilization ([GO:0141008](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0141008), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.022)). ## Research Directions The highly specific expression of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) in the nervous system, coupled with its role as a master regulator of RNA fate, suggests several avenues for future investigation. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. The distinct expression of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) across different GABAergic interneuron subtypes is critical for establishing and maintaining their unique cellular identities and electrophysiological properties by fine-tuning the levels of specific mRNAs and suppressing microRNAs that would otherwise drive alternative cell fates. 2. In [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644), [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) facilitates synaptic plasticity and glutamate homeostasis by rapidly degrading specific mRNAs in response to neuronal activity, allowing for dynamic local changes in the glial proteome at the synapse. **Experimental Approach to Test Hypothesis 1:** To dissect the role of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) in interneuron identity, a conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model would be highly informative. This could be achieved by crossing a mouse line with a floxed *Tut4* allele to a Cre-driver line specific to a major interneuron class, such as *Pvalb-Cre*. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the cortex of cKO and control animals would reveal if the loss of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) leads to a drift in the transcriptional identity of Pvalb-positive neurons. Concurrently, small RNA sequencing would identify the specific microRNAs that become de-repressed in these cells. Finally, electrophysiological recordings from cortical slices could determine whether the functional properties (e.g., firing rate, synaptic integration) of Pvalb-positive interneurons are compromised, directly linking the molecular role of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) to neuronal function. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular enzyme, [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) is a druggable target for small molecule inhibitors. Its role in suppressing the tumor-suppressive let-7 microRNA family makes it a compelling target in oncology. In cancers where the LIN28/[TUT4](/details-gene/23318)/let-7 axis is dysregulated, inhibition of [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) could restore let-7 levels and suppress tumor growth. However, its high and specific expression in the central nervous system presents a significant challenge, as systemic inhibition could lead to severe on-target neurological toxicity. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of targeting [TUT4](/details-gene/23318) would likely depend on the development of tumor-specific delivery systems or its relevance in cancers outside the CNS where it may be aberrantly expressed.

Genular Protein ID: 2091340657

Symbol: TUT4_HUMAN

Name: Zinc finger CCHC domain-containing protein 11

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8724849

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. V. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0161-KIAA0200) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1.

PubMed ID: 8724849

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/3.1.17

PubMed ID: 16643855

Title: A novel Zinc finger protein, ZCCHC11, interacts with TIFA and modulates TLR signaling.

PubMed ID: 16643855

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.04.006

PubMed ID: 17525332

Title: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 17525332

DOI: 10.1126/science.1140321

PubMed ID: 18172165

Title: Degradation of histone mRNA requires oligouridylation followed by decapping and simultaneous degradation of the mRNA both 5' to 3' and 3' to 5'.

PubMed ID: 18172165

DOI: 10.1101/gad.1622708

PubMed ID: 19703396

Title: TUT4 in concert with Lin28 suppresses MicroRNA biogenesis through pre-microRNA uridylation.

PubMed ID: 19703396

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.002

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22118463

Title: Lin28A and Lin28B inhibit let-7 microRNA biogenesis by distinct mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 22118463

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.039

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25480299

Title: Uridylation by TUT4 and TUT7 marks mRNA for degradation.

PubMed ID: 25480299

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.055

PubMed ID: 25979828

Title: TUT7 controls the fate of precursor microRNAs by using three different uridylation mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 25979828

DOI: 10.15252/embj.201590931

PubMed ID: 30122351

Title: Uridylation by TUT4/7 Restricts Retrotransposition of Human LINE-1s.

PubMed ID: 30122351

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.022

PubMed ID: 31036859

Title: Crystal structure of the Lin28-interacting module of human terminal uridylyltransferase that regulates let-7 expression.

PubMed ID: 31036859

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09966-5

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1644
  • Mass: 185166
  • Checksum: B7C88D7DCF0F3356
  • Sequence:
  • MEESKTLKSE NHEPKKNVIC EESKAVQVIG NQTLKARNDK SVKEIENSSP NRNSSKKNKQ 
    NDICIEKTEV KSCKVNAANL PGPKDLGLVL RDQSHCKAKK FPNSPVKAEK ATISQAKSEK 
    ATSLQAKAEK SPKSPNSVKA EKASSYQMKS EKVPSSPAEA EKGPSLLLKD MRQKTELQQI 
    GKKIPSSFTS VDKVNIEAVG GEKCALQNSP RSQKQQTCTD NTGDSDDSAS GIEDVSDDLS 
    KMKNDESNKE NSSEMDYLEN ATVIDESALT PEQRLGLKQA EERLERDHIF RLEKRSPEYT 
    NCRYLCKLCL IHIENIQGAH KHIKEKRHKK NILEKQEESE LRSLPPPSPA HLAALSVAVI 
    ELAKEHGITD DDLRVRQEIV EEMSKVITTF LPECSLRLYG SSLTRFALKS SDVNIDIKFP 
    PKMNHPDLLI KVLGILKKNV LYVDVESDFH AKVPVVVCRD RKSGLLCRVS AGNDMACLTT 
    DLLTALGKIE PVFIPLVLAF RYWAKLCYID SQTDGGIPSY CFALMVMFFL QQRKPPLLPC 
    LLGSWIEGFD PKRMDDFQLK GIVEEKFVKW ECNSSSATEK NSIAEENKAK ADQPKDDTKK 
    TETDNQSNAM KEKHGKSPLA LETPNRVSLG QLWLELLKFY TLDFALEEYV ICVRIQDILT 
    RENKNWPKRR IAIEDPFSVK RNVARSLNSQ LVYEYVVERF RAAYRYFACP QTKGGNKSTV 
    DFKKREKGKI SNKKPVKSNN MATNGCILLG ETTEKINAER EQPVQCDEMD CTSQRCIIDN 
    NNLLVNELDF ADHGQDSSSL STSKSSEIEP KLDKKQDDLA PSETCLKKEL SQCNCIDLSK 
    SPDPDKSTGT DCRSNLETES SHQSVCTDTS ATSCNCKATE DASDLNDDDN LPTQELYYVF 
    DKFILTSGKP PTIVCSICKK DGHSKNDCPE DFRKIDLKPL PPMTNRFREI LDLVCKRCFD 
    ELSPPCSEQH NREQILIGLE KFIQKEYDEK ARLCLFGSSK NGFGFRDSDL DICMTLEGHE 
    NAEKLNCKEI IENLAKILKR HPGLRNILPI TTAKVPIVKF EHRRSGLEGD ISLYNTLAQH 
    NTRMLATYAA IDPRVQYLGY TMKVFAKRCD IGDASRGSLS SYAYILMVLY FLQQRKPPVI 
    PVLQEIFDGK QIPQRMVDGW NAFFFDKTEE LKKRLPSLGK NTESLGELWL GLLRFYTEEF 
    DFKEYVISIR QKKLLTTFEK QWTSKCIAIE DPFDLNHNLG AGVSRKMTNF IMKAFINGRK 
    LFGTPFYPLI GREAEYFFDS RVLTDGELAP NDRCCRVCGK IGHYMKDCPK RKSLLFRLKK 
    KDSEEEKEGN EEEKDSRDVL DPRDLHDTRD FRDPRDLRCF ICGDAGHVRR ECPEVKLARQ 
    RNSSVAAAQL VRNLVNAQQV AGSAQQQGDQ SIRTRQSSEC SESPSYSPQP QPFPQNSSQS 
    AAITQPSSQP GSQPKLGPPQ QGAQPPHQVQ MPLYNFPQSP PAQYSPMHNM GLLPMHPLQI 
    PAPSWPIHGP VIHSAPGSAP SNIGLNDPSI IFAQPAARPV AIPNTSHDGH WPRTVAPNSL 
    VNSGAVGNSE PGFRGLTPPI PWEHAPRPHF PLVPASWPYG LHQNFMHQGN ARFQPNKPFY 
    TQDRCATRRC RERCPHPPRG NVSE

Genular Protein ID: 3014275622

Symbol: A0A0C4DFM7_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 17525332

Title: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage.

PubMed ID: 17525332

DOI: 10.1126/science.1140321

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1645
  • Mass: 185253
  • Checksum: 8DA909D3F7796B15
  • Sequence:
  • MEESKTLKSE NHEPKKNVIC EESKAVQVIG NQTLKARNDK SVKEIENSSP NRNSSKKNKQ 
    NDICIEKTEV KSCKVNAANL PGPKDLGLVL RDQSHCKAKK FPNSPVKAEK ATISQAKSEK 
    ATSLQAKAEK SPKSPNSVKA EKASSYQMKS EKVPSSPAEA EKGPSLLLKD MRQKTELQQI 
    GKKIPSSFTS VDKVNIEAVG GEKCALQNSP RSQKQQTCTD NTGDSDDSAS GIEDVSDDLS 
    KMKNDESNKE NSSEMDYLEN ATVIDESALT PEQRLGLKQA EERLERDHIF RLEKRSPEYT 
    NCRYLCKLCL IHIENIQGAH KHIKEKRHKK NILEKQEESE LRSLPPPSPA HLAALSVAVI 
    ELAKEHGITD DDLRVRQEIV EEMSKVITTF LPECSLRLYG SSLTRFALKS SDVNIDIKFP 
    PKMNHPDLLI KVLGILKKNV LYVDVESDFH AKVPVVVCRD RKSGLLCRVS AGNDMACLTT 
    DLLTALGKIE PVFIPLVLAF RYWAKLCYID SQTDGGIPSY CFALMVMFFL QQRKPPLLPC 
    LLGSWIEGFD PKRMDDFQLK GIVEEKFVKW ECNSSSATEK NSIAEENKAK ADQPKDDTKK 
    TETDNQSNAM KEKHGKSPLA LETPNRVSLG QLWLELLKFY TLDFALEEYV ICVRIQDILT 
    RENKNWPKRR IAIEDPFSVK RNVARSLNSQ LVYEYVVERF RAAYRYFACP QTKGGNKSTV 
    DFKKREKGKI SNKKPVKSNN MATNGCILLG ETTEKINAER EQPVQCDEMD CTSQRCIIDN 
    NNLLVNELDF ADHGQDSSSL STSKSSEIEP KLDKKQDDLA PSETCLKKEL SQCNCIDLSK 
    SPDPDKSTGT DCRSNLETES SHQSVCTDTS ATSCNCKATE DASDLNDDDN LPTQELYYVF 
    DKFILTSGKP PTIVCSICKK DGHSKNDCPE DFRKIDLKPL PPMTNRFREI LDLVCKRCFD 
    ELSPPCSEQH NREQILIGLE KFIQKEYDEK ARLCLFGSSK NGFGFRDSDL DICMTLEGHE 
    NAEKLNCKEI IENLAKILKR HPGLRNILPI TTAKVPIVKF EHRRSGLEGD ISLYNTLAQH 
    NTRMLATYAA IDPRVQYLGY TMKVFAKRCD IGDASRGSLS SYAYILMVLY FLQQRKPPVI 
    PVLQEIFDGK QIPQRMVDGW NAFFFDKTEE LKKRLPSLGK NTESLGELWL GLLRFYTEEF 
    DFKEYVISIR QKKLLTTFEK QWTSKCIAIE DPFDLNHNLG AGVSRKMTNF IMKAFINGRK 
    LFGTPFYPLI GREAEYFFDS RVLTDGELAP NDRCCRVCGK IGHYMKDCPK RKSSLLFRLK 
    KKDSEEEKEG NEEEKDSRDV LDPRDLHDTR DFRDPRDLRC FICGDAGHVR RECPEVKLAR 
    QRNSSVAAAQ LVRNLVNAQQ VAGSAQQQGD QSIRTRQSSE CSESPSYSPQ PQPFPQNSSQ 
    SAAITQPSSQ PGSQPKLGPP QQGAQPPHQV QMPLYNFPQS PPAQYSPMHN MGLLPMHPLQ 
    IPAPSWPIHG PVIHSAPGSA PSNIGLNDPS IIFAQPAARP VAIPNTSHDG HWPRTVAPNS 
    LVNSGAVGNS EPGFRGLTPP IPWEHAPRPH FPLVPASWPY GLHQNFMHQG NARFQPNKPF 
    YTQDRCATRR CRERCPHPPR GNVSE