Details for: ACADL

Gene ID: 33

Symbol: ACADL

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000115361

Description: acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 2.0279
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7400
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 1.1817
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8800
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.0140
    Cell Significance Index: 17.0800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.9351
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2500
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.7813
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4000
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 0.5635
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.4629
    Cell Significance Index: 28.4500
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: 0.3906
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1500
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.3503
    Cell Significance Index: 11.0800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3183
    Cell Significance Index: 114.1800
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.3152
    Cell Significance Index: 7.5600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.2461
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.1913
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1840
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1151
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2200
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.0957
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.0933
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0731
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.0694
    Cell Significance Index: 19.9800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.0383
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0297
    Cell Significance Index: 18.8900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0232
    Cell Significance Index: 43.6700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0176
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0174
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: 22.1500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: 24.5600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0111
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0099
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0107
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: -0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0126
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0136
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0147
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0196
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland (CL4033005)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2000
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0332
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: -0.0334
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0344
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.0370
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: -0.0381
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0414
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0574
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4200
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: -0.0654
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0752
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0777
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0831
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5800
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3600
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.1009
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1056
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1222
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7000
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1283
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1302
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1306
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7800
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1341
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.1410
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1414
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1535
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.1558
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3000
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1606
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: -0.1801
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1824
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3900
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.1880
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1970
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4500
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1979
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2024
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4300
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2037
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.2072
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.2076
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9800
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.2134
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2173
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2355
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7500
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: -0.2370
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2428
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.2433
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: -0.2455
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1200
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.2460
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9100
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.2488
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -0.2491
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2500
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2554
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0500
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: -0.2573
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.2622
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Subcellular localization:** ACADL is primarily localized to the mitochondrial matrix, where it participates in the beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. 2. **Enzymatic activity:** ACADL catalyzes the first step in the beta-oxidation process, converting long-chain acyl-CoA into enoyl-CoA. 3. **Regulatory mechanisms:** ACADL is negatively regulated by fatty acid biosynthesis and positively regulated by cold-induced thermogenesis. 4. **Cellular expression:** ACADL is widely expressed in various tissues, including the retina, heart, and immune cells. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids:** ACADL plays a crucial role in the beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, which is essential for energy production in the mitochondria. 2. **Carnitine catabolic process:** ACADL is involved in the catabolic process of carnitine, which is essential for fatty acid transport into the mitochondria. 3. **Fatty acid metabolism:** ACADL contributes to the regulation of fatty acid metabolism, including the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. 4. **Thermogenesis:** ACADL is activated in response to cold exposure, promoting thermogenesis and energy expenditure. 5. **Cholesterol metabolism:** ACADL is involved in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism, including the synthesis and oxidation of cholesterol. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD):** Mutations in the ACADL gene can lead to LCHAD deficiency, a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired fatty acid oxidation and energy production. 2. **Thermogenic disorders:** Dysregulation of ACADL has been implicated in various thermogenic disorders, including obesity and metabolic syndrome. 3. **Immune system dysfunction:** ACADL has been shown to play a role in immune cell function, and dysregulation of ACADL may contribute to immune system dysfunction. 4. **Cancer:** ACADL has been implicated in cancer development and progression, particularly in the context of fatty acid metabolism and thermogenesis. In conclusion, ACADL is a critical enzyme involved in fatty acid metabolism, thermogenesis, and immune cell function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including LCHAD deficiency, thermogenic disorders, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of ACADL in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2572049284

Symbol: ACADL_HUMAN

Name: Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P28330 B2R8T3 Q8IUN8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 77 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 GO 19 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 9 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 1 Rhea 56 SABIO-RK 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1774065

Title: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2.

PubMed ID: 1774065

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90068-p

PubMed ID: 1559716

Title:

PubMed ID: 1559716

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90462-2

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8155643

Title: Identification of the catalytic base in long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.

PubMed ID: 8155643

DOI: 10.1021/bi00180a021

PubMed ID: 8823175

Title: Medium-long-chain chimeric human Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase: medium-chain enzyme with the active center base arrangement of long-chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.

PubMed ID: 8823175

DOI: 10.1021/bi960785e

PubMed ID: 21237683

Title: Identification and characterization of new long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.

PubMed ID: 21237683

DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.12.005

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 430
  • Mass: 47656
  • Checksum: 72F9803685406DF9
  • Sequence:
    • MAARLLRGSL RVLGGHRAPR QLPAARCSHS GGEERLETPS AKKLTDIGIR RIFSPEHDIF 
RKSVRKFFQE EVIPHHSEWE KAGEVSREVW EKAGKQGLLG VNIAEHLGGI GGDLYSAAIV 
WEEQAYSNCS GPGFSIHSGI VMSYITNHGS EEQIKHFIPQ MTAGKCIGAI AMTEPGAGSD 
LQGIKTNAKK DGSDWILNGS KVFISNGSLS DVVIVVAVTN HEAPSPAHGI SLFLVENGMK 
GFIKGRKLHK MGLKAQDTAE LFFEDIRLPA SALLGEENKG FYYIMKELPQ ERLLIADVAI 
SASEFMFEET RNYVKQRKAF GKTVAHLQTV QHKLAELKTH ICVTRAFVDN CLQLHEAKRL 
DSATACMAKY WASELQNSVA YDCVQLHGGW GYMWEYPIAK AYVDARVQPI YGGTNEIMKE 
LIAREIVFDK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.