Details for: APOE

Gene ID: 348

Symbol: APOE

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130203

Description: apolipoprotein E

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 391.5260
    Cell Significance Index: -60.9000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 246.0935
    Cell Significance Index: -62.4200
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 139.9852
    Cell Significance Index: -56.8700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 133.9694
    Cell Significance Index: -63.2500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 59.7857
    Cell Significance Index: -57.0800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 50.1883
    Cell Significance Index: -61.8800
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 33.8960
    Cell Significance Index: 199.1400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 15.2532
    Cell Significance Index: -60.1900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 13.2654
    Cell Significance Index: 355.4500
  • Cell Name: Leydig cell (CL0000178)
    Fold Change: 7.4902
    Cell Significance Index: 37.3700
  • Cell Name: columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell (CL0000075)
    Fold Change: 7.4249
    Cell Significance Index: 28.4300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 5.7002
    Cell Significance Index: 403.1400
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 5.6937
    Cell Significance Index: 1129.9400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 5.5768
    Cell Significance Index: 765.8500
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 5.4236
    Cell Significance Index: 91.3600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 5.3346
    Cell Significance Index: 152.9200
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 3.9963
    Cell Significance Index: 30.1800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 3.9623
    Cell Significance Index: 1751.8200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: 3.7559
    Cell Significance Index: 52.5200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 2.4100
    Cell Significance Index: 25.1600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 2.3067
    Cell Significance Index: 60.6600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.8829
    Cell Significance Index: 98.8600
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 1.6775
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6600
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.4390
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 1.0157
    Cell Significance Index: 62.4300
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.9376
    Cell Significance Index: 121.1400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 0.6312
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.5746
    Cell Significance Index: 66.9700
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3500
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2951
    Cell Significance Index: 56.1600
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2179
    Cell Significance Index: 196.7300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.1862
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.1635
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0945
    Cell Significance Index: 12.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0685
    Cell Significance Index: 128.9300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0594
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0700
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: 0.0207
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2300
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0357
    Cell Significance Index: -26.2000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -87.9200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0479
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0555
    Cell Significance Index: -85.4700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0589
    Cell Significance Index: -32.1900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0599
    Cell Significance Index: -45.3500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0660
    Cell Significance Index: -89.7200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0661
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0808
    Cell Significance Index: -51.3000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0937
    Cell Significance Index: -69.3800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0962
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.1166
    Cell Significance Index: -72.7900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.1191
    Cell Significance Index: -67.1700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: -0.1358
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: -0.1386
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.1392
    Cell Significance Index: -63.1900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1707
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1743
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1773
    Cell Significance Index: -51.0200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1808
    Cell Significance Index: -36.2600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.2209
    Cell Significance Index: -39.8300
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.2587
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.2718
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.3548
    Cell Significance Index: -74.7300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.3624
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.3868
    Cell Significance Index: -47.5600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.3892
    Cell Significance Index: -29.0100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.3974
    Cell Significance Index: -43.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.4399
    Cell Significance Index: -75.1100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.4431
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4548
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.5437
    Cell Significance Index: -64.1200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.5686
    Cell Significance Index: -59.2000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.6143
    Cell Significance Index: -38.7200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.6388
    Cell Significance Index: -73.1900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.6426
    Cell Significance Index: -39.4000
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.6807
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.7339
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.7771
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.8138
    Cell Significance Index: -62.4500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.8173
    Cell Significance Index: -56.5200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.8376
    Cell Significance Index: -56.3200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.8689
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7200
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.8893
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4700
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.9007
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1500
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.9195
    Cell Significance Index: -55.2000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.9220
    Cell Significance Index: -24.6200
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.9439
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6800
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -1.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5000
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -1.0113
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -1.0126
    Cell Significance Index: -65.3300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -1.1156
    Cell Significance Index: -38.7700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -1.1206
    Cell Significance Index: -58.2100
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -1.1450
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -1.1756
    Cell Significance Index: -65.9700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -1.1876
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1900
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -1.3005
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -1.4624
    Cell Significance Index: -64.6900
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -1.4990
    Cell Significance Index: -35.9500
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: -1.5134
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2300
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -1.5432
    Cell Significance Index: -22.1200
  • Cell Name: colon endothelial cell (CL1001572)
    Fold Change: -1.5592
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** APOE is a 299-amino acid protein that is synthesized in various cell types, including hepatoblasts, cortical cells of the adrenal gland, enterocytes, and astrocytes. It has a unique structure, consisting of two A and two B domains, which are responsible for its ability to bind lipids and interact with cell surface receptors. APOE is highly conserved across species, suggesting its essential role in lipid metabolism and transport. **Pathways and Functions** APOE is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Cholesterol Efflux**: APOE facilitates the transfer of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, where it is excreted into bile. 2. **Antioxidant Activity**: APOE has antioxidant properties, which help protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. 3. **Lipid Transport**: APOE is a component of lipoproteins, which transport lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids, throughout the body. 4. **Axon Extension**: APOE is involved in the regulation of axon extension, a process essential for neuronal development and function. 5. **Gene Expression Regulation**: APOE regulates gene expression through interaction with transcription factors, such as Ap-2, and influences the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport. **Clinical Significance** APOE is a significant factor in the development of several diseases, including: 1. **Atherosclerosis**: Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol, facilitated by APOE, contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. 2. **Alzheimer's Disease**: The ε4 isoform of APOE is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a role in amyloid-β clearance and deposition. 3. **Cardiovascular Disease**: APOE influences lipid metabolism and transport, which are critical factors in the development of cardiovascular disease. 4. **Neurodegenerative Disorders**: APOE's role in axon extension and gene expression regulation may also contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. In conclusion, APOE is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, transport, and clearance. Its dysregulation is associated with several diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding its functions and mechanisms of action.

Genular Protein ID: 3969851902

Symbol: APOE_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P02649 B2RC15 C0JYY5 Q9P2S4

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CPTAC 1 CTD 1 CarbonylDB 1 ChEBI 2 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 7 EMBL 9 EMDB 1 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 100 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 9 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 MoonDB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NIAGADS 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 5 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 28 PDBsum 28 PIR 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 12 RefSeq 5 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 2 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 6325438

Title: Synthesis, intracellular processing, and signal peptide of human apolipoprotein E.

PubMed ID: 6325438

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)91039-2

PubMed ID: 6327682

Title: Human apolipoprotein E mRNA. cDNA cloning and nucleotide sequencing of a new variant.

PubMed ID: 6327682

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(20)82169-3

PubMed ID: 2987927

Title: Nucleotide sequence and structure of the human apolipoprotein E gene.

PubMed ID: 2987927

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3445

PubMed ID: 3243553

Title: Genotyping and sequence analysis of apolipoprotein E isoforms.

PubMed ID: 3243553

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(88)90130-9

PubMed ID: 10520737

Title: Sequencing of 42kb of the APO E-C2 gene cluster reveals a new gene: PEREC1.

PubMed ID: 10520737

DOI: 10.3109/10425179809086433

PubMed ID: 11042151

Title: Sequence diversity and large-scale typing of SNPs in the human apolipoprotein E gene.

PubMed ID: 11042151

DOI: 10.1101/gr.146900

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 6897404

Title: Identification and DNA sequence of a human apolipoprotein E cDNA clone.

PubMed ID: 6897404

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33328-3

PubMed ID: 7068630

Title: Human apolipoprotein E. The complete amino acid sequence.

PubMed ID: 7068630

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34702-1

PubMed ID: 6860692

Title: Cholesteryl ester and apolipoprotein E transfer between human high density lipoproteins and chylomicrons.

PubMed ID: 6860692

DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(83)90047-4

PubMed ID: 3947350

Title: Binding of a high reactive heparin to human apolipoprotein E: identification of two heparin-binding domains.

PubMed ID: 3947350

DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80489-2

PubMed ID: 3115992

Title: Lipoproteins and their receptors in the central nervous system. Characterization of the lipoproteins in cerebrospinal fluid and identification of apolipoprotein B,E(LDL) receptors in the brain.

PubMed ID: 3115992

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47945-8

PubMed ID: 30448281

Title: Soluble LR11 competes with amyloid beta in binding to cerebrospinal fluid-high-density lipoprotein.

PubMed ID: 30448281

DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.024

PubMed ID: 2831187

Title: Site-specific mutagenesis of human apolipoprotein E. Receptor binding activity of variants with single amino acid substitutions.

PubMed ID: 2831187

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68957-4

PubMed ID: 2498325

Title: Glycosylation of human apolipoprotein E. The carbohydrate attachment site is threonine 194.

PubMed ID: 2498325

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)81907-x

PubMed ID: 2762297

Title: Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediates uptake of cholesteryl esters derived from apoprotein E-enriched lipoproteins.

PubMed ID: 2762297

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.15.5810

PubMed ID: 2280190

Title: Apolipoprotein E distribution among human plasma lipoproteins: role of the cysteine-arginine interchange at residue 112.

PubMed ID: 2280190

PubMed ID: 1911868

Title: Effects of exogenous apo E-3 and of cholesterol-enriched meals on the cellular metabolism of human chylomicrons and their remnants.

PubMed ID: 1911868

DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(91)90138-8

PubMed ID: 1917954

Title: Mechanisms of inhibition by apolipoprotein C of apolipoprotein E-dependent cellular metabolism of human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins through the low density lipoprotein receptor pathway.

PubMed ID: 1917954

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55263-7

PubMed ID: 8340399

Title: Discrete carboxyl-terminal segments of apolipoprotein E mediate lipoprotein association and protein oligomerization.

PubMed ID: 8340399

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82318-3

PubMed ID: 8367470

Title: Binding of human apolipoprotein E to synthetic amyloid beta peptide: isoform-specific effects and implications for late-onset Alzheimer disease.

PubMed ID: 8367470

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.17.8098

PubMed ID: 7891887

Title: Isoform-specific interactions of apolipoprotein E with the microtubule-associated protein MAP2c: implications for Alzheimer's disease.

PubMed ID: 7891887

DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(94)90204-6

PubMed ID: 7972031

Title: Isoform-specific interactions of apolipoprotein E with microtubule-associated protein tau: implications for Alzheimer disease.

PubMed ID: 7972031

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.23.11183

PubMed ID: 7768901

Title: Identification of glycoprotein 330 as an endocytic receptor for apolipoprotein J/clusterin.

PubMed ID: 7768901

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.22.13070

PubMed ID: 8939961

Title: Apolipoprotein E-containing high density lipoprotein promotes neurite outgrowth and is a ligand for the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein.

PubMed ID: 8939961

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.47.30121

PubMed ID: 9395455

Title: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans participate in hepatic lipase and apolipoprotein E-mediated binding and uptake of plasma lipoproteins, including high density lipoproteins.

PubMed ID: 9395455

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.50.31285

PubMed ID: 9488694

Title: The HepG2 extracellular matrix contains separate heparinase- and lipid-releasable pools of ApoE. Implications for hepatic lipoprotein metabolism.

PubMed ID: 9488694

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.10.5645

PubMed ID: 10027417

Title: Specific regional transcription of apolipoprotein E in human brain neurons.

PubMed ID: 10027417

DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65305-9

PubMed ID: 10452964

Title: Glycation of apolipoprotein E impairs its binding to heparin: identification of the major glycation site.

PubMed ID: 10452964

DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4439(99)00047-2

PubMed ID: 11447277

Title: Apolipoprotein E fragments present in Alzheimer's disease brains induce neurofibrillary tangle-like intracellular inclusions in neurons.

PubMed ID: 11447277

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.151254698

PubMed ID: 12950167

Title: Domains of apoE required for binding to apoE receptor 2 and to phospholipids: implications for the functions of apoE in the brain.

PubMed ID: 12950167

DOI: 10.1021/bi027093c

PubMed ID: 14754908

Title: Molecular interactions between apoE and ABCA1: impact on apoE lipidation.

PubMed ID: 14754908

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m300418-jlr200

PubMed ID: 19838169

Title: Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification.

PubMed ID: 19838169

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1392

PubMed ID: 20030366

Title: Decoding of lipoprotein-receptor interactions: properties of ligand binding modules governing interactions with apolipoprotein E.

PubMed ID: 20030366

DOI: 10.1021/bi9017208

PubMed ID: 20511397

Title: Glycosylation and sialylation of macrophage-derived human apolipoprotein E analyzed by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry: evidence for a novel site of glycosylation on Ser290.

PubMed ID: 20511397

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900430-mcp200

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22905912

Title: Resveratrol-induced changes of the human adipocyte secretion profile.

PubMed ID: 22905912

DOI: 10.1021/pr300539b

PubMed ID: 23676495

Title: Apolipoproteins E and AV mediate lipoprotein clearance by hepatic proteoglycans.

PubMed ID: 23676495

DOI: 10.1172/jci67398

PubMed ID: 23234360

Title: LC-MS/MS characterization of O-glycosylation sites and glycan structures of human cerebrospinal fluid glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 23234360

DOI: 10.1021/pr300963h

PubMed ID: 23620513

Title: ApoE influences amyloid-beta (Abeta) clearance despite minimal apoE/Abeta association in physiological conditions.

PubMed ID: 23620513

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1220484110

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25122793

Title: Apolipoprotein E likely contributes to a maturation step of infectious hepatitis C virus particles and interacts with viral envelope glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 25122793

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01660-14

PubMed ID: 26091039

Title: A single kinase generates the majority of the secreted phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 26091039

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.028

PubMed ID: 26387950

Title: Apolipoprotein E Regulates Amyloid Formation within Endosomes of Pigment Cells.

PubMed ID: 26387950

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.057

PubMed ID: 28111074

Title: ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 Differentially Stimulate APP Transcription and Abeta Secretion.

PubMed ID: 28111074

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.12.044

PubMed ID: 29695434

Title: Regulation of Apolipoprotein E Trafficking by Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Autophagy.

PubMed ID: 29695434

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00211-18

PubMed ID: 30333625

Title: LILRB4 signalling in leukaemia cells mediates T cell suppression and tumour infiltration.

PubMed ID: 30333625

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0615-z

PubMed ID: 2063194

Title: Three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E.

PubMed ID: 2063194

DOI: 10.1126/science.2063194

PubMed ID: 8071364

Title: Human apolipoprotein E. Role of arginine 61 in mediating the lipoprotein preferences of the E3 and E4 isoforms.

PubMed ID: 8071364

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)31797-0

PubMed ID: 7994571

Title: Salt bridge relay triggers defective LDL receptor binding by a mutant apolipoprotein.

PubMed ID: 7994571

DOI: 10.1016/s0969-2126(00)00072-1

PubMed ID: 8756331

Title: Novel mechanism for defective receptor binding of apolipoprotein E2 in type III hyperlipoproteinemia.

PubMed ID: 8756331

DOI: 10.1038/nsb0896-718

PubMed ID: 10850798

Title: Conformational flexibility in the apolipoprotein E amino-terminal domain structure determined from three new crystal forms: implications for lipid binding.

PubMed ID: 10850798

DOI: 10.1110/ps.9.5.886

PubMed ID: 11258893

Title: Interaction of the N-terminal domain of apolipoprotein E4 with heparin.

PubMed ID: 11258893

DOI: 10.1021/bi002417n

PubMed ID: 20303980

Title: Structure of the minimal interface between ApoE and LRP.

PubMed ID: 20303980

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.03.022

PubMed ID: 2738044

Title: Identification of human apolipoprotein E variant gene: apolipoprotein E7 (Glu244,245----Lys244,245).

PubMed ID: 2738044

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122618

PubMed ID: 2760009

Title: Molecular cloning of a human apolipoprotein E variant: E5 (Glu-3-->Lys).

PubMed ID: 2760009

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122692

PubMed ID: 2556398

Title: Apolipoprotein E3-Leiden contains a seven-amino acid insertion that is a tandem repeat of residues 121-127.

PubMed ID: 2556398

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)30067-5

PubMed ID: 2101409

Title: Identification and characterization of a new variant of apolipoprotein E (apo E-Kochi).

PubMed ID: 2101409

DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine1962.29.587

PubMed ID: 2341812

Title: Apolipoprotein E2-Dunedin (228 Arg replaced by Cys): an apolipoprotein E2 variant with normal receptor-binding activity.

PubMed ID: 2341812

PubMed ID: 1674745

Title: Apolipoprotein E-4 Philadelphia (Glu-13-->Lys,Arg-145-->Cys). Homozygosity for two rare point mutations in the apolipoprotein E gene combined with severe type III hyperlipoproteinemia.

PubMed ID: 1674745

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99249-5

PubMed ID: 1713245

Title: Characterization of a new apolipoprotein E5 variant detected in two French-Canadian subjects.

PubMed ID: 1713245

PubMed ID: 1530612

Title: Site-directed mutagenesis of an apolipoprotein E mutant, apo E5(Glu3----Lys) and its binding to low density lipoprotein receptors.

PubMed ID: 1530612

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(92)91321-g

PubMed ID: 1361196

Title: Familial apolipoprotein E deficiency and type III hyperlipoproteinemia due to a premature stop codon in the apolipoprotein E gene.

PubMed ID: 1361196

PubMed ID: 8488843

Title: Characterization of five new mutants in the carboxyl-terminal domain of human apolipoprotein E: no cosegregation with severe hyperlipidemia.

PubMed ID: 8488843

PubMed ID: 8125051

Title: Characterization of the gene for apolipoprotein E5-Frankfurt (Gln81->Lys, Cys112->Arg) by polymerase chain reaction, restriction isotyping, and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis.

PubMed ID: 8125051

DOI: 10.1002/elps.11501401164

PubMed ID: 8468528

Title: Preferential association of apolipoprotein E Leiden with very low density lipoproteins of human plasma.

PubMed ID: 8468528

PubMed ID: 8346443

Title: Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families.

PubMed ID: 8346443

DOI: 10.1126/science.8346443

PubMed ID: 8287539

Title: Common and rare genotypes of human apolipoprotein E determined by specific restriction profiles of polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA.

PubMed ID: 8287539

PubMed ID: 7635945

Title: Dominant expression of type III hyperlipoproteinemia. Pathophysiological insights derived from the structural and kinetic characteristics of ApoE-1 (Lys146-->Glu).

PubMed ID: 7635945

DOI: 10.1172/jci118096

PubMed ID: 8664327

Title: Characterization of a novel variant of apolipoprotein E, E2 Fukuoka (Arg-224 --> Gln) in a hyperlipidemic patient with xanthomatosis.

PubMed ID: 8664327

DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(96)00014-8

PubMed ID: 9176854

Title: Apolipoprotein E Sendai (arginine 145-->proline): a new variant associated with lipoprotein glomerulopathy.

PubMed ID: 9176854

DOI: 10.1681/asn.v85820

PubMed ID: 9360638

Title: Apolipoprotein E R112; R251G: a carboxy-terminal variant found in patients with hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease.

PubMed ID: 9360638

DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5726(97)00009-5

PubMed ID: 10432380

Title: A novel apolipoprotein E mutation, E2 (Arg25Cys), in lipoprotein glomerulopathy.

PubMed ID: 10432380

DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00572.x

PubMed ID: 10903326

Title: Virus-mediated transduction of apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-sendai develops lipoprotein glomerulopathy in ApoE-deficient mice.

PubMed ID: 10903326

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005906200

PubMed ID: 11095479

Title: Familial splenomegaly: macrophage hypercatabolism of lipoproteins associated with apolipoprotein E mutation [apolipoprotein E (delta149 Leu)].

PubMed ID: 11095479

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.11.6981

PubMed ID: 12864777

Title: Apolipoprotein E3Basel: new insights into a highly conserved protein region.

PubMed ID: 12864777

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01180.x

PubMed ID: 12966036

Title: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors.

PubMed ID: 12966036

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg314

PubMed ID: 16094309

Title: Variable expressivity of the clinical and biochemical phenotype associated with the apolipoprotein E p.Leu149del mutation.

PubMed ID: 16094309

DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201480

PubMed ID: 18077821

Title: APOE Kyoto mutation in European Americans with lipoprotein glomerulopathy.

PubMed ID: 18077821

DOI: 10.1056/nejmc072088

PubMed ID: 22028381

Title: Quantitative detection of single amino acid polymorphisms by targeted proteomics.

PubMed ID: 22028381

DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjr024

PubMed ID: 22481068

Title: Apolipoprotein E gene mutations in subjects with mixed hyperlipidemia and a clinical diagnosis of familial combined hyperlipidemia.

PubMed ID: 22481068

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.03.011

PubMed ID: 24267230

Title: APOE p.Leu167del mutation in familial hypercholesterolemia.

PubMed ID: 24267230

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.09.007

PubMed ID: 22949395

Title: Description of a large family with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia associated with the APOE p.Leu167del mutation.

PubMed ID: 22949395

DOI: 10.1002/humu.22215

PubMed ID: 26802169

Title: Global molecular analysis and APOE mutations in a cohort of autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia patients in France.

PubMed ID: 26802169

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p055699

PubMed ID: 7833947

Title: Genetic heterogeneity of apolipoprotein E and its influence on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels.

PubMed ID: 7833947

DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380040303

PubMed ID: 25173806

Title: Apolipoprotein E: structure and function in lipid metabolism, neurobiology, and Alzheimer's diseases.

PubMed ID: 25173806

DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.025

PubMed ID: 29516132

Title: Cell-specific production, secretion, and function of apolipoprotein E.

PubMed ID: 29516132

DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1632-y

PubMed ID: 33450186

Title: ApoE-Isoform-Dependent SARS-CoV-2 Neurotropism and Cellular Response.

PubMed ID: 33450186

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.12.018

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 317
  • Mass: 36154
  • Checksum: 91AFC04210A30689
  • Sequence:
    • MKVLWAALLV TFLAGCQAKV EQAVETEPEP ELRQQTEWQS GQRWELALGR FWDYLRWVQT 
LSEQVQEELL SSQVTQELRA LMDETMKELK AYKSELEEQL TPVAEETRAR LSKELQAAQA 
RLGADMEDVC GRLVQYRGEV QAMLGQSTEE LRVRLASHLR KLRKRLLRDA DDLQKRLAVY 
QAGAREGAER GLSAIRERLG PLVEQGRVRA ATVGSLAGQP LQERAQAWGE RLRARMEEMG 
SRTRDRLDEV KEQVAEVRAK LEEQAQQIRL QAEAFQARLK SWFEPLVEDM QRQWAGLVEK 
VQAAVGTSAA PVPSDNH

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.