Details for: APOH

Gene ID: 350

Symbol: APOH

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000091583

Description: apolipoprotein H

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 7.74
    Marker Score: 25,364
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 3.3
    Marker Score: 17,765
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Marker Score: 9,585
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 13,866
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 2,004
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Marker Score: 697
  • Cell Name: inflammatory macrophage (CL0000863)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 491
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Marker Score: 936
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 887
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4,805
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 258
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 1.11
    Marker Score: 755
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 6,691
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Marker Score: 1,030
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,815
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48,039
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 271
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 506
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,408
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 459
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,412
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 5,349
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 371
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 348
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2,740
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 324
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 348
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 806
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 1,324
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 177
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1,467
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 705
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 393
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 10,769
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 680
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 687
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 1,145
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.56
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.51
    Marker Score: 304
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.5
    Marker Score: 323
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 442
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 166
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 2,895
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 128
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 183
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.4
    Marker Score: 227
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: 0.35
    Marker Score: 264
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 0.33
    Marker Score: 502
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.32
    Marker Score: 102
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.32
    Marker Score: 119
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 173
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 87
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 186
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 424
  • Cell Name: pancreatic epsilon cell (CL0005019)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 80
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 104
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 117
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 573
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lung (CL0000082)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 1,253
  • Cell Name: mucosal invariant T cell (CL0000940)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 209
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 817
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 65
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 134
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 74
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 95
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 82
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 290
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 105
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 79
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 57
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 184
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 143
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 147
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 51
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 70
  • Cell Name: M cell of gut (CL0000682)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 38
  • Cell Name: glomerular endothelial cell (CL0002188)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of glomerular capsule (CL1000450)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 2,320
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 74
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 43
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 72
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 151
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 156
  • Cell Name: vasa recta descending limb cell (CL1001285)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 46
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.13
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium proper of ileum (CL1000342)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 34
  • Cell Name: lung neuroendocrine cell (CL1000223)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: precursor cell (CL0011115)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 30
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 31
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 35

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** APOH is a member of the apolipoprotein family and is characterized by its ability to bind to phospholipids, lipoproteins, and proteins, including heparin, fibrinogen, and plasminogen. Its unique structure, consisting of three domains, allows it to interact with a wide range of ligands and receptors, modulating various cellular processes. APOH is also known for its anti-coagulant properties, as it inhibits the formation of blood clots by binding to and neutralizing pro-coagulant factors. **Pathways and Functions:** APOH is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Blood Coagulation:** APOH inhibits the coagulation cascade by binding to and neutralizing factors that promote clot formation, such as fibrinogen and prothrombin. 2. **Negative Regulation of Angiogenesis:** APOH inhibits the formation of new blood vessels by modulating the activity of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). 3. **Negative Regulation of Blood Coagulation:** APOH also inhibits the coagulation cascade by binding to and neutralizing pro-coagulant factors, such as tissue factor and factor Xa. 4. **Lipid Metabolism:** APOH is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, including the transport of triglycerides and the activation of lipoprotein lipase. 5. **Immune Regulation:** APOH modulates immune responses by interacting with immune cells, including macrophages and T cells, and regulating the production of cytokines and chemokines. **Clinical Significance:** APOH dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Blood Coagulation Disorders:** APOH deficiency or dysfunction has been linked to an increased risk of thrombosis and bleeding disorders, such as antiphospholipid syndrome. 2. **Cardiovascular Diseases:** APOH dysregulation has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. 3. **Cancer:** APOH has been shown to have anti-tumor effects, inhibiting the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. 4. **Autoimmune Diseases:** APOH has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, where it modulates immune responses and tissue damage. In conclusion, APOH is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes, including blood coagulation, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and cancer. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of APOH in maintaining cardiovascular and immune homeostasis.

Genular Protein ID: 3050125868

Symbol: APOH_HUMAN

Name: Beta-2-glycoprotein 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P02749 B2R9M3 Q9UCN7

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EMBL 17 EPD 1 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 28 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 20 PDBsum 14 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 3 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1650181

Title: Complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of human beta 2-glycoprotein I.

PubMed ID: 1650181

DOI: 10.1042/bj2770387

PubMed ID: 1655523

Title: Molecular cloning and mammalian expression of human beta 2-glycoprotein I cDNA.

PubMed ID: 1655523

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)81065-g

PubMed ID: 1748314

Title: Nucleotide sequence and expression of the human gene encoding apolipoprotein H (beta 2-glycoprotein I).

PubMed ID: 1748314

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90449-l

PubMed ID: 1339416

Title: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding human apolipoprotein H (beta 2-glycoprotein I).

PubMed ID: 1339416

DOI: 10.1007/bf02591656

PubMed ID: 1777418

Title: Molecular definition of human beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI) by cDNA cloning and inter-species differences of beta 2-GPI in alternation of anticardiolipin binding.

PubMed ID: 1777418

DOI: 10.1093/intimm/3.12.1217

PubMed ID: 9914524

Title: Structure of the human beta2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H) gene.

PubMed ID: 9914524

DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00063.x

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 6587378

Title: Complete amino acid sequence of human plasma beta 2-glycoprotein I.

PubMed ID: 6587378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.81.12.3640

PubMed ID: 1602135

Title: Heterogeneity of anticardiolipin antibodies defined by the anticardiolipin cofactor.

PubMed ID: 1602135

PubMed ID: 2349221

Title: Anti-phospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H).

PubMed ID: 2349221

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4120

PubMed ID: 11250549

Title: Purification of apolipoprotein H (beta 2-glycoprotein I)-like protein from human follicular fluid.

PubMed ID: 11250549

DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(00)00359-6

PubMed ID: 1426288

Title: Activity, disulphide mapping and structural modelling of the fifth domain of human beta 2-glycoprotein I.

PubMed ID: 1426288

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)81442-o

PubMed ID: 9155091

Title: Qualitative analysis of the carbohydrate composition of apolipoprotein H.

PubMed ID: 9155091

DOI: 10.1023/a:1026378825391

PubMed ID: 15084671

Title: A proteomic analysis of human bile.

PubMed ID: 15084671

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m400015-mcp200

PubMed ID: 14760718

Title: Screening for N-glycosylated proteins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 14760718

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300556

PubMed ID: 16335952

Title: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16335952

DOI: 10.1021/pr0502065

PubMed ID: 16740002

Title: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16740002

DOI: 10.1021/pr050492k

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 19139490

Title: A strategy for precise and large scale identification of core fucosylated glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 19139490

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800504-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19838169

Title: Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification.

PubMed ID: 19838169

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1392

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 10508150

Title: Adhesion mechanism of human beta(2)-glycoprotein I to phospholipids based on its crystal structure.

PubMed ID: 10508150

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/18.19.5166

PubMed ID: 10562535

Title: Crystal structure of human beta2-glycoprotein I: implications for phospholipid binding and the antiphospholipid syndrome.

PubMed ID: 10562535

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/18.22.6228

PubMed ID: 8099061

Title: Human beta 2-glycoprotein I: molecular analysis of DNA and amino acid polymorphism.

PubMed ID: 8099061

DOI: 10.1007/bf00217367

PubMed ID: 9225969

Title: Molecular basis of the apolipoprotein H (beta 2-glycoprotein I) protein polymorphism.

PubMed ID: 9225969

DOI: 10.1007/s004390050465

PubMed ID: 9063752

Title: Identification of structural mutations in the fifth domain of apolipoprotein H (beta-2-glycoprotein I) which affect phospholipid binding.

PubMed ID: 9063752

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/6.2.311

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 345
  • Mass: 38298
  • Checksum: 63101704F8EDFE3F
  • Sequence:
    • MISPVLILFS SFLCHVAIAG RTCPKPDDLP FSTVVPLKTF YEPGEEITYS CKPGYVSRGG 
MRKFICPLTG LWPINTLKCT PRVCPFAGIL ENGAVRYTTF EYPNTISFSC NTGFYLNGAD 
SAKCTEEGKW SPELPVCAPI ICPPPSIPTF ATLRVYKPSA GNNSLYRDTA VFECLPQHAM 
FGNDTITCTT HGNWTKLPEC REVKCPFPSR PDNGFVNYPA KPTLYYKDKA TFGCHDGYSL 
DGPEEIECTK LGNWSAMPSC KASCKVPVKK ATVVYQGERV KIQEKFKNGM LHGDKVSFFC 
KNKEKKCSYT EDAQCIDGTI EVPKCFKEHS SLAFWKTDAS DVKPC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.