Details for: ACAT2

Gene ID: 39

Symbol: ACAT2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000120437

Description: acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 2,285
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 7,502
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 2,867
  • Cell Name: Leydig cell (CL0000178)
    Fold Change: 1.65
    Marker Score: 1,774
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 13,752
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 1,497
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 3,141
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Marker Score: 167,627
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.39
    Marker Score: 8,916
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 9,026
  • Cell Name: oogonial cell (CL0000024)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Marker Score: 1,927
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Marker Score: 23,352
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Marker Score: 875
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 1,442
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 1.28
    Marker Score: 4,203
  • Cell Name: primary sensory neuron (sensu Teleostei) (CL0000531)
    Fold Change: 1.27
    Marker Score: 428
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 5,152
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 1,790
  • Cell Name: migratory enteric neural crest cell (CL0002607)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Marker Score: 1,139
  • Cell Name: large pre-B-II cell (CL0000957)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 3,259
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 2,496
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Marker Score: 1,242
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Marker Score: 430
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 9,065
  • Cell Name: colon epithelial cell (CL0011108)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 3,638
  • Cell Name: primordial germ cell (CL0000670)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 1,451
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 1,345
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 567
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 1,921
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 325
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Marker Score: 2,053
  • Cell Name: lung secretory cell (CL1000272)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 977
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Marker Score: 911
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 1.09
    Marker Score: 1,729
  • Cell Name: neural crest cell (CL0011012)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 1,146
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 6,344
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 448
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 1,072
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 2,161
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 290
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 772
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 508
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 4,132
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,680
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 47,904
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 2,703
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0002371)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 1,055
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 1,311
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,387
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 1,180
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 33,571
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 3,538
  • Cell Name: glycinergic amacrine cell (CL4030028)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 897
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 708
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 2,395
  • Cell Name: inhibitory motor neuron (CL0008015)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 444
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 478
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 2,159
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 384
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 432
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 5,200
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 223
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 2,691
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 493
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 1,068
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,294
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000915)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 1,233
  • Cell Name: cord blood hematopoietic stem cell (CL2000095)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 651
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 2,024
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 8,515
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 304
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 3,421
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 1,336
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 506
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 2,388
  • Cell Name: enteric neuron (CL0007011)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 425
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 502
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 1,020
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 314
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 521
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,264
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,770
  • Cell Name: respiratory epithelial cell (CL0002368)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 427
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1,190
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1,366
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 376
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 11,469
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 750
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 502
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 1,156
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 573
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 511
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 1,418
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 4,734
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 11,576
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 6,335
  • Cell Name: papillary tips cell (CL1000597)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 147
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 464
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.72
    Marker Score: 300
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 0.72
    Marker Score: 8,402

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase Activity**: ACAT2 exhibits acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase activity, which is essential for the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to fatty acyl-CoA. 2. **Cholesterol Biosynthesis**: ACAT2 is involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, a critical process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall health. 3. **Cellular Expression**: ACAT2 is expressed in various cell types, including erythroid progenitor cells, neural progenitor cells, pneumocytes, Leydig cells, and epithelial cells of the esophagus, among others. 4. **Protein Binding**: ACAT2 interacts with other proteins, including THIC_HUMAN, to regulate its activity and subcellular localization. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase Activity Pathway**: ACAT2 is a key enzyme in this pathway, facilitating the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to fatty acyl-CoA. 2. **Cholesterol Biosynthesis Pathway**: ACAT2 contributes to the biosynthesis of cholesterol by catalyzing the transfer of acetyl groups to fatty acyl-CoA. 3. **Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation Pathway**: ACAT2 interacts with other enzymes in this pathway to regulate fatty acid metabolism and energy homeostasis. 4. **Lipid Metabolic Process**: ACAT2 is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, including the biosynthesis and breakdown of lipids. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Atherosclerosis**: Dysregulation of ACAT2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaques in arterial walls. 2. **Cholesterol Homeostasis**: ACAT2 plays a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis, and its dysregulation can contribute to the development of hypercholesterolemia and other lipid-related disorders. 3. **Immunological Disorders**: ACAT2 is expressed in immune cells, including T cells, and its dysregulation may contribute to the development of immunological disorders, such as atherosclerosis and autoimmune diseases. 4. **Cancer**: ACAT2 has been implicated in the development and progression of certain cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, where it contributes to lipid metabolism and cell growth. In conclusion, ACAT2 is a critical enzyme in lipid metabolism, and its dysregulation can contribute to various diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and immunological disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of ACAT2 in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2015585926

Symbol: THIC_HUMAN

Name: Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9BWD1 B7Z233 E1P5B1 Q16146 Q5TCL7 Q8TDM4

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 1 EMBL 7 EPD 1 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 7 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OGP 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 2 Rhea 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 UniProtKB 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7911016

Title: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA for human hepatic cytosolic acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase.

PubMed ID: 7911016

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1726

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 15733928

Title: High resolution crystal structures of human cytosolic thiolase (CT): a comparison of the active sites of human CT, bacterial thiolase, and bacterial KAS I.

PubMed ID: 15733928

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.018

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 397
  • Mass: 41351
  • Checksum: E3A8DAFB6F341B18
  • Sequence:
    • MNAGSDPVVI VSAARTIIGS FNGALAAVPV QDLGSTVIKE VLKRATVAPE DVSEVIFGHV 
LAAGCGQNPV RQASVGAGIP YSVPAWSCQM ICGSGLKAVC LAVQSIGIGD SSIVVAGGME 
NMSKAPHLAY LRTGVKIGEM PLTDSILCDG LTDAFHNCHM GITAENVAKK WQVSREDQDK 
VAVLSQNRTE NAQKAGHFDK EIVPVLVSTR KGLIEVKTDE FPRHGSNIEA MSKLKPYFLT 
DGTGTVTPAN ASGINDGAAA VVLMKKSEAD KRGLTPLARI VSWSQVGVEP SIMGIGPIPA 
IKQAVTKAGW SLEDVDIFEI NEAFAAVSAA IVKELGLNPE KVNIEGGAIA LGHPLGASGC 
RILVTLLHTL ERMGRSRGVA ALCIGGGMGI AMCVQRE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.