Details for: ACAT2

Gene ID: 39

Symbol: ACAT2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000120437

Description: acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 166.3182
    Cell Significance Index: -25.8700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 106.0150
    Cell Significance Index: -26.8900
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 68.8194
    Cell Significance Index: -28.3500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 66.6776
    Cell Significance Index: -31.4800
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 61.1435
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8400
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 26.2374
    Cell Significance Index: -25.0500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 25.1834
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0500
  • Cell Name: colon endothelial cell (CL1001572)
    Fold Change: 23.9316
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.7127
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 8.0726
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 6.1893
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 2.0297
    Cell Significance Index: 54.3900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.7625
    Cell Significance Index: 16.2300
  • Cell Name: sensory neuron (CL0000101)
    Fold Change: 1.6959
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.3923
    Cell Significance Index: 40.8900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.2780
    Cell Significance Index: 253.6200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.2044
    Cell Significance Index: 1087.5200
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 1.1951
    Cell Significance Index: 41.5300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.1844
    Cell Significance Index: 128.8300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.1645
    Cell Significance Index: 61.1400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.0790
    Cell Significance Index: 56.0500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.9959
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8500
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.9644
    Cell Significance Index: 277.4900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9456
    Cell Significance Index: 153.8000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.8758
    Cell Significance Index: 157.8800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.8187
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.7372
    Cell Significance Index: 90.6500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.7340
    Cell Significance Index: 19.3000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.7249
    Cell Significance Index: 34.0700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.6514
    Cell Significance Index: 355.7400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.5995
    Cell Significance Index: 27.9500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.4929
    Cell Significance Index: 63.6900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.4163
    Cell Significance Index: 83.5200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.4029
    Cell Significance Index: 178.1300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.3830
    Cell Significance Index: 45.1700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.3164
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3800
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.3081
    Cell Significance Index: 39.5000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.2979
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2700
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2199
    Cell Significance Index: 78.8800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2153
    Cell Significance Index: 29.5700
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.2100
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2026
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.1707
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.1525
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1350
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.1197
    Cell Significance Index: 90.6200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0412
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8400
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0377
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7300
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0079
    Cell Significance Index: -14.5200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0270
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0501
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0521
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0539
    Cell Significance Index: -33.6800
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0614
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0649
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0900
  • Cell Name: midget ganglion cell of retina (CL4023188)
    Fold Change: -0.0739
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0780
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0840
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0910
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0931
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4900
  • Cell Name: glioblast (CL0000030)
    Fold Change: -0.0955
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.1060
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1361
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5800
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1374
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5100
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.1583
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1607
    Cell Significance Index: -33.8400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1828
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1922
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1922
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2028
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.2124
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1200
  • Cell Name: sebaceous gland cell (CL2000021)
    Fold Change: -0.2164
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.2260
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2382
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2650
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9900
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2967
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2995
    Cell Significance Index: -31.1900
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.2999
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.3388
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3403
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8700
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.3421
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3480
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.3746
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3700
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.3811
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2000
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: -0.4519
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.4683
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.4918
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1000
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.5156
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2900

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase Activity**: ACAT2 exhibits acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase activity, which is essential for the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to fatty acyl-CoA. 2. **Cholesterol Biosynthesis**: ACAT2 is involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, a critical process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall health. 3. **Cellular Expression**: ACAT2 is expressed in various cell types, including erythroid progenitor cells, neural progenitor cells, pneumocytes, Leydig cells, and epithelial cells of the esophagus, among others. 4. **Protein Binding**: ACAT2 interacts with other proteins, including THIC_HUMAN, to regulate its activity and subcellular localization. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase Activity Pathway**: ACAT2 is a key enzyme in this pathway, facilitating the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to fatty acyl-CoA. 2. **Cholesterol Biosynthesis Pathway**: ACAT2 contributes to the biosynthesis of cholesterol by catalyzing the transfer of acetyl groups to fatty acyl-CoA. 3. **Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation Pathway**: ACAT2 interacts with other enzymes in this pathway to regulate fatty acid metabolism and energy homeostasis. 4. **Lipid Metabolic Process**: ACAT2 is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, including the biosynthesis and breakdown of lipids. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Atherosclerosis**: Dysregulation of ACAT2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaques in arterial walls. 2. **Cholesterol Homeostasis**: ACAT2 plays a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis, and its dysregulation can contribute to the development of hypercholesterolemia and other lipid-related disorders. 3. **Immunological Disorders**: ACAT2 is expressed in immune cells, including T cells, and its dysregulation may contribute to the development of immunological disorders, such as atherosclerosis and autoimmune diseases. 4. **Cancer**: ACAT2 has been implicated in the development and progression of certain cancers, including breast and prostate cancer, where it contributes to lipid metabolism and cell growth. In conclusion, ACAT2 is a critical enzyme in lipid metabolism, and its dysregulation can contribute to various diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and immunological disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of ACAT2 in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2015585926

Symbol: THIC_HUMAN

Name: Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9BWD1 B7Z233 E1P5B1 Q16146 Q5TCL7 Q8TDM4

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 7 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OGP 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 2 Rhea 2 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7911016

Title: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA for human hepatic cytosolic acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase.

PubMed ID: 7911016

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1726

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 15733928

Title: High resolution crystal structures of human cytosolic thiolase (CT): a comparison of the active sites of human CT, bacterial thiolase, and bacterial KAS I.

PubMed ID: 15733928

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.018

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 397
  • Mass: 41351
  • Checksum: E3A8DAFB6F341B18
  • Sequence:
    • MNAGSDPVVI VSAARTIIGS FNGALAAVPV QDLGSTVIKE VLKRATVAPE DVSEVIFGHV 
LAAGCGQNPV RQASVGAGIP YSVPAWSCQM ICGSGLKAVC LAVQSIGIGD SSIVVAGGME 
NMSKAPHLAY LRTGVKIGEM PLTDSILCDG LTDAFHNCHM GITAENVAKK WQVSREDQDK 
VAVLSQNRTE NAQKAGHFDK EIVPVLVSTR KGLIEVKTDE FPRHGSNIEA MSKLKPYFLT 
DGTGTVTPAN ASGINDGAAA VVLMKKSEAD KRGLTPLARI VSWSQVGVEP SIMGIGPIPA 
IKQAVTKAGW SLEDVDIFEI NEAFAAVSAA IVKELGLNPE KVNIEGGAIA LGHPLGASGC 
RILVTLLHTL ERMGRSRGVA ALCIGGGMGI AMCVQRE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.