Details for: ACHE

Gene ID: 43

Symbol: ACHE

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087085

Description: acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 31.6980
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 4.7204
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 3.5304
    Cell Significance Index: 52.9000
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 1.5731
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.0775
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.0441
    Cell Significance Index: 28.4200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.9323
    Cell Significance Index: 12.7200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.8658
    Cell Significance Index: 45.4600
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: 0.7779
    Cell Significance Index: 18.9800
  • Cell Name: type II muscle cell (CL0002212)
    Fold Change: 0.7456
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.7450
    Cell Significance Index: 9.2400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.6171
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5759
    Cell Significance Index: 26.1100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.4800
    Cell Significance Index: 10.5100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.4410
    Cell Significance Index: 304.9900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.4149
    Cell Significance Index: 78.9600
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: 0.3877
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.3471
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.3196
    Cell Significance Index: 11.2300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2851
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.2848
    Cell Significance Index: 17.9500
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 0.2510
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2169
    Cell Significance Index: 195.8300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.2032
    Cell Significance Index: 40.7700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1889
    Cell Significance Index: 24.2100
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1811
    Cell Significance Index: 17.9100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1811
    Cell Significance Index: 64.9800
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 0.1726
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.1447
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7200
  • Cell Name: midget ganglion cell of retina (CL4023188)
    Fold Change: 0.1190
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0897
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0736
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0618
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8800
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0575
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.0541
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7600
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: 15.0500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 0.0074
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2100
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0044
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0080
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0098
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0099
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0132
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2500
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0219
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0258
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0294
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0323
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7000
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0360
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0378
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0388
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0400
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0424
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4800
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0574
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0645
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8100
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: -0.0669
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0671
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0708
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: -0.0709
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0716
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0774
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2800
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0822
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9800
  • Cell Name: retinal ganglion cell (CL0000740)
    Fold Change: -0.0824
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0839
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0841
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3500
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0868
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4600
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.0910
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0949
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0953
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0961
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8000
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.0984
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.0986
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1072
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2300
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1084
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.1212
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1243
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9800
  • Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
    Fold Change: -0.1255
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1322
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.1419
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1446
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.1487
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1516
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** ACHE is a serine hydrolase enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine, the primary neurotransmitter released by cholinergic neurons. This enzyme plays a crucial role in terminating the transmission signals at the synapse, thereby regulating the strength and duration of neural communication. Beyond its classical role in neurotransmission, ACHE has been found to be expressed in various cell types, including immune cells, suggesting a broader involvement in immune regulation. **Pathways and Functions:** The ACHE gene is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Acetylcholine binding and catabolic process**: ACHE mediates the breakdown of acetylcholine, regulating neurotransmission and synaptic transmission. 2. **Amyloid-beta binding and metabolism**: ACHE has been implicated in the regulation of amyloid-beta, a protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. 3. **Cell adhesion and migration**: ACHE is expressed in various cell types, including immune cells, and plays a role in cell adhesion and migration. 4. **Glycophospholipid biosynthesis**: ACHE is involved in the synthesis of glycerophospholipids, which are essential components of cellular membranes. **Clinical Significance:** The dysregulation of ACHE has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Alzheimer's disease**: The accumulation of amyloid-beta, which is regulated by ACHE, is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. 2. **Neurodegenerative disorders**: ACHE has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 3. **Immune system disorders**: Dysregulation of ACHE has been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 4. **Cancer**: ACHE has been found to be overexpressed in various types of cancer, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In conclusion, the ACHE gene is a complex and multifaceted molecule that plays a critical role in regulating neurotransmission, immune function, and cellular development. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying the functions of ACHE and its implications for human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 4107082016

Symbol: ACES_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P22303 A4D2E2 B7ZKZ0 D6W5X7 Q16169 Q29S23 Q2M324 Q504V3 Q53F46 Q86TM9 Q86YX9 Q9BXP7

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 2 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 15 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 62 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 ELM 1 EMBL 18 ESTHER 1 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 36 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 2 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 74 PDBsum 74 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 4 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 8 Rhea 2 SABIO-RK 1 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2263619

Title: Molecular cloning and construction of the coding region for human acetylcholinesterase reveals a G + C-rich attenuating structure.

PubMed ID: 2263619

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.24.9688

PubMed ID: 8299725

Title: Expression of three alternative acetylcholinesterase messenger RNAs in human tumor cell lines of different tissue origins.

PubMed ID: 8299725

DOI: 10.1006/excr.1994.1039

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11239002

Title: Comparative analysis of the gene-dense ACHE/TFR2 region on human chromosome 7q22 with the orthologous region on mouse chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 11239002

DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.6.1352

PubMed ID: 2714437

Title: Purification and partial amino acid sequence analysis of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase.

PubMed ID: 2714437

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81352-3

PubMed ID: 1748670

Title: The effect of elimination of intersubunit disulfide bonds on the activity, assembly, and secretion of recombinant human acetylcholinesterase. Expression of acetylcholinesterase Cys-580-->Ala mutant.

PubMed ID: 1748670

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54380-5

PubMed ID: 1517212

Title: Mutagenesis of human acetylcholinesterase. Identification of residues involved in catalytic activity and in polypeptide folding.

PubMed ID: 1517212

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)37091-7

PubMed ID: 11985878

Title: Increased expression of intranuclear AChE involved in apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells.

PubMed ID: 11985878

DOI: 10.1016/s0168-0102(02)00005-6

PubMed ID: 9640563

Title: External and internal electrostatic potentials of cholinesterase models.

PubMed ID: 9640563

DOI: 10.1016/s1093-3263(98)00005-9

PubMed ID: 11053835

Title: Structures of recombinant native and E202Q mutant human acetylcholinesterase complexed with the snake-venom toxin fasciculin-II.

PubMed ID: 11053835

DOI: 10.1107/s0907444900010659

PubMed ID: 15526038

Title: The synaptic acetylcholinesterase tetramer assembles around a polyproline II helix.

PubMed ID: 15526038

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600425

PubMed ID: 20408548

Title: Structural evidence that human acetylcholinesterase inhibited by tabun ages through O-dealkylation.

PubMed ID: 20408548

DOI: 10.1021/jm901853b

PubMed ID: 23035744

Title: Structures of human acetylcholinesterase in complex with pharmacologically important ligands.

PubMed ID: 23035744

DOI: 10.1021/jm300871x

PubMed ID: 23679855

Title: Crystal structures of human cholinesterases in complex with huprine W and tacrine: elements of specificity for anti-Alzheimer's drugs targeting acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase.

PubMed ID: 23679855

DOI: 10.1042/bj20130013

PubMed ID: 8488842

Title: Mutation at codon 322 in the human acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) gene accounts for YT blood group polymorphism.

PubMed ID: 8488842

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 614
  • Mass: 67796
  • Checksum: B9AA84C77831C302
  • Sequence:
    • MRPPQCLLHT PSLASPLLLL LLWLLGGGVG AEGREDAELL VTVRGGRLRG IRLKTPGGPV 
SAFLGIPFAE PPMGPRRFLP PEPKQPWSGV VDATTFQSVC YQYVDTLYPG FEGTEMWNPN 
RELSEDCLYL NVWTPYPRPT SPTPVLVWIY GGGFYSGASS LDVYDGRFLV QAERTVLVSM 
NYRVGAFGFL ALPGSREAPG NVGLLDQRLA LQWVQENVAA FGGDPTSVTL FGESAGAASV 
GMHLLSPPSR GLFHRAVLQS GAPNGPWATV GMGEARRRAT QLAHLVGCPP GGTGGNDTEL 
VACLRTRPAQ VLVNHEWHVL PQESVFRFSF VPVVDGDFLS DTPEALINAG DFHGLQVLVG 
VVKDEGSYFL VYGAPGFSKD NESLISRAEF LAGVRVGVPQ VSDLAAEAVV LHYTDWLHPE 
DPARLREALS DVVGDHNVVC PVAQLAGRLA AQGARVYAYV FEHRASTLSW PLWMGVPHGY 
EIEFIFGIPL DPSRNYTAEE KIFAQRLMRY WANFARTGDP NEPRDPKAPQ WPPYTAGAQQ 
YVSLDLRPLE VRRGLRAQAC AFWNRFLPKL LSATDTLDEA ERQWKAEFHR WSSYMVHWKN 
QFDHYSKQDR CSDL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.