Details for: AUP1

Gene ID: 550

Symbol: AUP1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000115307

Description: AUP1 lipid droplet regulating VLDL assembly factor

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 276.4148
    Cell Significance Index: -43.0000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 171.3429
    Cell Significance Index: -43.4600
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 126.7424
    Cell Significance Index: -51.4900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 119.2804
    Cell Significance Index: -56.3200
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 110.7147
    Cell Significance Index: -56.9500
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 84.0881
    Cell Significance Index: -56.4300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 54.2869
    Cell Significance Index: -51.8300
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 42.7388
    Cell Significance Index: -52.7000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 15.8930
    Cell Significance Index: -42.5800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 13.8898
    Cell Significance Index: -54.8100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 12.8473
    Cell Significance Index: -39.4600
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 7.7539
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.3940
    Cell Significance Index: 111.6200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.7238
    Cell Significance Index: 46.9200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.3669
    Cell Significance Index: 161.2000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 1.2542
    Cell Significance Index: 58.9500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.2115
    Cell Significance Index: 62.9400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.0998
    Cell Significance Index: 32.3000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 1.0874
    Cell Significance Index: 75.2000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.9962
    Cell Significance Index: 98.5500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.9960
    Cell Significance Index: 179.5400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.9457
    Cell Significance Index: 516.4700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.9272
    Cell Significance Index: 69.1100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.8852
    Cell Significance Index: 114.3700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.8830
    Cell Significance Index: 121.2600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.8652
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.8633
    Cell Significance Index: 147.4100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.8032
    Cell Significance Index: 98.7600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.7901
    Cell Significance Index: 22.7700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.7709
    Cell Significance Index: 146.7000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.7505
    Cell Significance Index: 48.4200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.7005
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6691
    Cell Significance Index: 604.1800
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.6161
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.6016
    Cell Significance Index: 77.1200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.4997
    Cell Significance Index: 10.4600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4994
    Cell Significance Index: 81.2300
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.4572
    Cell Significance Index: 202.1600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4385
    Cell Significance Index: 87.0200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3716
    Cell Significance Index: 74.5400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.3257
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8800
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.3116
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7600
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.2861
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.2600
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.2438
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1942
    Cell Significance Index: 69.6700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1889
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.1508
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.1299
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8800
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1076
    Cell Significance Index: 74.4400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.0634
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0124
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0079
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0136
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0144
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0201
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -53.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0313
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0351
    Cell Significance Index: -54.0800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -56.4500
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0554
    Cell Significance Index: -35.1900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0561
    Cell Significance Index: -31.6300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0673
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3600
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0765
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0877
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0980
    Cell Significance Index: -44.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1191
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1197
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1253
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1452
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2091
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.2591
    Cell Significance Index: -30.1900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2820
    Cell Significance Index: -41.0000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.3088
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3974
    Cell Significance Index: -45.3600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.4270
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.4631
    Cell Significance Index: -35.5400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.5170
    Cell Significance Index: -53.8300
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.5345
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.5441
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.5546
    Cell Significance Index: -31.1200
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.5692
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.5768
    Cell Significance Index: -35.4500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.6116
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.6383
    Cell Significance Index: -42.9200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.6683
    Cell Significance Index: -52.9300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.7076
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.7165
    Cell Significance Index: -43.9300
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.8192
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4800
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.8349
    Cell Significance Index: -24.5900
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.9652
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -1.0547
    Cell Significance Index: -46.6500
  • Cell Name: melanocyte of skin (CL1000458)
    Fold Change: -1.0580
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** AUP1 is a gene that encodes a protein essential for lipid droplet regulation, with significant expression in erythroid progenitor cells, acinar cells of the salivary gland, blood cells, and malignant cells. Its expression is also observed in various immune cells, including CD14-positive and CD16-positive monocytes, IgA plasma cells, and class-switched memory B cells. AUP1 is involved in the assembly of VLDL, an essential process in lipid metabolism, and is also implicated in autophagosome formation, ER function, and retrograde protein transport. **Pathways and Functions:** AUP1 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Lipid Droplet Formation and Organization:** AUP1 regulates the formation and organization of lipid droplets, which are critical for lipid storage and metabolism. 2. **VLDL Assembly:** AUP1 is essential for VLDL assembly, a process that involves the incorporation of triglycerides and cholesterol into the VLDL particle. 3. **Autophagosome Formation:** AUP1 is involved in the formation of autophagosomes, which are double-membraned structures that engulf and degrade cellular components. 4. **Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:** AUP1 regulates ER function, including ER stress response and retrograde protein transport. 5. **Retrograde Protein Transport:** AUP1 is involved in retrograde protein transport, which involves the transport of proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the ER. **Clinical Significance:** AUP1 has significant implications for various clinical processes, including: 1. **Immunological Disorders:** AUP1 is expressed in immune cells and is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, which is critical for immune function. 2. **Cancer:** AUP1 is overexpressed in malignant cells and is involved in lipid droplet formation and VLDL assembly, which can contribute to cancer progression. 3. **Metabolic Disorders:** AUP1 is involved in lipid metabolism and is expressed in cells that are affected by metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. 4. **Neurological Disorders:** AUP1 is expressed in neurons and is involved in lipid metabolism, which is critical for neuronal function and survival. In conclusion, AUP1 is a critical gene involved in lipid droplet regulation, VLDL assembly, and autophagosome formation. Its expression is observed in various cellular contexts, including immune cells, malignant cells, and cells affected by metabolic disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of AUP1 in human disease and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 4288265857

Symbol: AUP1_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9Y679 C0H5W8 Q9H866 Q9UNQ6 Q9Y685

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 17 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11042152

Title: Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

PubMed ID: 11042152

DOI: 10.1101/gr.140200

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12042322

Title: Ancient ubiquitous protein 1 binds to the conserved membrane-proximal sequence of the cytoplasmic tail of the integrin alpha subunits that plays a crucial role in the inside-out signaling of alpha IIbbeta 3.

PubMed ID: 12042322

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m204340200

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 18711132

Title: SEL1L nucleates a protein complex required for dislocation of misfolded glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 18711132

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805371105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21127063

Title: Ancient ubiquitous protein 1 (AUP1) localizes to lipid droplets and binds the E2 ubiquitin conjugase G2 (Ube2g2) via its G2 binding region.

PubMed ID: 21127063

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190785

PubMed ID: 21857022

Title: Dual role of ancient ubiquitous protein 1 (AUP1) in lipid droplet accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein quality control.

PubMed ID: 21857022

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.284794

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23197321

Title: Monotopic topology is required for lipid droplet targeting of ancient ubiquitous protein 1.

PubMed ID: 23197321

DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m033852

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23223569

Title: Ancient ubiquitous protein-1 mediates sterol-induced ubiquitination of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase in lipid droplet-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes.

PubMed ID: 23223569

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-07-0564

PubMed ID: 24039768

Title: Monoubiquitination of ancient ubiquitous protein 1 promotes lipid droplet clustering.

PubMed ID: 24039768

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072453

PubMed ID: 28183703

Title: AUP1 (Ancient Ubiquitous Protein 1) Is a Key Determinant of Hepatic Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Assembly and Secretion.

PubMed ID: 28183703

DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309000

PubMed ID: 29902443

Title: Flaviviruses Exploit the Lipid Droplet Protein AUP1 to Trigger Lipophagy and Drive Virus Production.

PubMed ID: 29902443

DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.05.005

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 410
  • Mass: 45787
  • Checksum: 1A06476225C5DFDC
  • Sequence:
    • MELPSGPGPE RLFDSHRLPG DCFLLLVLLL YAPVGFCLLV LRLFLGIHVF LVSCALPDSV 
LRRFVVRTMC AVLGLVARQE DSGLRDHSVR VLISNHVTPF DHNIVNLLTT CSTPLLNSPP 
SFVCWSRGFM EMNGRGELVE SLKRFCASTR LPPTPLLLFP EEEATNGREG LLRFSSWPFS 
IQDVVQPLTL QVQRPLVSVT VSDASWVSEL LWSLFVPFTV YQVRWLRPVH RQLGEANEEF 
ALRVQQLVAK ELGQTGTRLT PADKAEHMKR QRHPRLRPQS AQSSFPPSPG PSPDVQLATL 
AQRVKEVLPH VPLGVIQRDL AKTGCVDLTI TNLLEGAVAF MPEDITKGTQ SLPTASASKF 
PSSGPVTPQP TALTFAKSSW ARQESLQERK QALYEYARRR FTERRAQEAD

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.