B2M | ENSG00000166710 | NCBI 567

Details for: B2M

Gene ID: 567

Symbol: B2M

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000166710

Description: beta-2-microglobulin

Associated with

Adaptive immune system
(R-HSA-1280218)
Amyloid fiber formation
(R-HSA-977225)
Antigen presentation: folding, assembly and peptide loading of class i mhc
(R-HSA-983170)
Antigen processing-cross presentation
(R-HSA-1236975)
Bacterial infection pathways
(R-HSA-9824439)
Class i mhc mediated antigen processing & presentation
(R-HSA-983169)
Cytokine signaling in immune system
(R-HSA-1280215)
Dap12 interactions
(R-HSA-2172127)
Dap12 signaling
(R-HSA-2424491)
Disease
(R-HSA-1643685)
Endosomal/vacuolar pathway
(R-HSA-1236977)
Er-phagosome pathway
(R-HSA-1236974)
Hiv infection
(R-HSA-162906)
Host interactions of hiv factors
(R-HSA-162909)
Immune system
(R-HSA-168256)
Immunoregulatory interactions between a lymphoid and a non-lymphoid cell
(R-HSA-198933)
Infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis
(R-HSA-9635486)
Infectious disease
(R-HSA-5663205)
Innate immune system
(R-HSA-168249)
Interferon gamma signaling
(R-HSA-877300)
Interferon signaling
(R-HSA-913531)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Modulation by mtb of host immune system
(R-HSA-9637628)
Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters
(R-HSA-164938)
Nef mediated downregulation of mhc class i complex cell surface expression
(R-HSA-164940)
Neutrophil degranulation
(R-HSA-6798695)
Sars-cov-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses
(R-HSA-9705671)
Sars-cov-2 infection
(R-HSA-9694516)
Sars-cov-2-host interactions
(R-HSA-9705683)
Sars-cov infections
(R-HSA-9679506)
The role of nef in hiv-1 replication and disease pathogenesis
(R-HSA-164952)
Viral infection pathways
(R-HSA-9824446)
Amyloid fibril formation
(GO:1990000)
Antibacterial humoral response
(GO:0019731)
Antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via mhc class i
(GO:0019885)
Antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via mhc class ii
(GO:0019886)
Antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via mhc class ib, tap-dependent
(GO:0002481)
Antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide
(GO:0061844)
Cellular response to iron(iii) ion
(GO:0071283)
Cellular response to iron ion
(GO:0071281)
Cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
(GO:0071222)
Cellular response to nicotine
(GO:0071316)
Cytosol
(GO:0005829)
Defense response to gram-negative bacterium
(GO:0050829)
Defense response to gram-positive bacterium
(GO:0050830)
Early endosome lumen
(GO:0031905)
Early endosome membrane
(GO:0031901)
Endoplasmic reticulum
(GO:0005783)
Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
(GO:0005788)
Er to golgi transport vesicle membrane
(GO:0012507)
External side of plasma membrane
(GO:0009897)
Extracellular region
(GO:0005576)
Extracellular space
(GO:0005615)
Focal adhesion
(GO:0005925)
Golgi apparatus
(GO:0005794)
Golgi membrane
(GO:0000139)
Identical protein binding
(GO:0042802)
Innate immune response
(GO:0045087)
Intracellular iron ion homeostasis
(GO:0006879)
Iron ion transport
(GO:0006826)
Late endosome membrane
(GO:0031902)
Learning or memory
(GO:0007611)
Lysosomal membrane
(GO:0005765)
Membrane
(GO:0016020)
Mhc class ii protein complex binding
(GO:0023026)
Multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis
(GO:0060586)
Negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
(GO:0050680)
Negative regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation
(GO:2000978)
Negative regulation of neurogenesis
(GO:0050768)
Negative regulation of neuron projection development
(GO:0010977)
Negative regulation of receptor binding
(GO:1900121)
Peptide antigen assembly with mhc class ii protein complex
(GO:0002503)
Peptide antigen assembly with mhc class i protein complex
(GO:0002502)
Peptide antigen binding
(GO:0042605)
Phagocytic vesicle membrane
(GO:0030670)
Plasma membrane
(GO:0005886)
Positive regulation of cellular senescence
(GO:2000774)
Positive regulation of ferrous iron binding
(GO:1904434)
Positive regulation of immune response
(GO:0050778)
Positive regulation of protein binding
(GO:0032092)
Positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis
(GO:0048260)
Positive regulation of receptor binding
(GO:1900122)
Positive regulation of t cell activation
(GO:0050870)
Positive regulation of t cell cytokine production
(GO:0002726)
Positive regulation of t cell mediated cytotoxicity
(GO:0001916)
Positive regulation of transferrin receptor binding
(GO:1904437)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)
Protein homodimerization activity
(GO:0042803)
Protein homotetramerization
(GO:0051289)
Protein refolding
(GO:0042026)
Regulation of erythrocyte differentiation
(GO:0045646)
Regulation of iron ion transport
(GO:0034756)
Regulation of membrane depolarization
(GO:0003254)
Response to molecule of bacterial origin
(GO:0002237)
Sensory perception of smell
(GO:0007608)
Specific granule lumen
(GO:0035580)
Structural molecule activity
(GO:0005198)
T cell differentiation in thymus
(GO:0033077)
T cell mediated cytotoxicity
(GO:0001913)

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
Fold Change: 1747.8518
Cell Significance Index: -271.8700
Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
Fold Change: 1011.7749
Cell Significance Index: -256.6300
Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
Fold Change: 852.8148
Cell Significance Index: -351.3200
Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
Fold Change: 718.1185
Cell Significance Index: -339.0400
Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
Fold Change: 700.2339
Cell Significance Index: -360.1900
Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
Fold Change: 508.6568
Cell Significance Index: -341.3200
Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
Fold Change: 237.7863
Cell Significance Index: -293.1800
Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
Fold Change: 94.7173
Cell Significance Index: -290.9200
Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
Fold Change: 84.7405
Cell Significance Index: -334.3900
Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
Fold Change: 58.1608
Cell Significance Index: -127.2900
Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
Fold Change: 51.3311
Cell Significance Index: 137.5100
Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
Fold Change: 25.0098
Cell Significance Index: 104.0900
Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
Fold Change: 21.7344
Cell Significance Index: 401.7100
Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
Fold Change: 16.0577
Cell Significance Index: 283.7600
Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
Fold Change: 13.4669
Cell Significance Index: 152.9900
Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
Fold Change: 12.6702
Cell Significance Index: 372.1100
Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
Fold Change: 11.7453
Cell Significance Index: 552.0200
Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
Fold Change: 9.8689
Cell Significance Index: 1265.1300
Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
Fold Change: 9.7385
Cell Significance Index: 279.1600
Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
Fold Change: 8.3279
Cell Significance Index: 59.8100
Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
Fold Change: 7.5441
Cell Significance Index: 1036.0100
Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
Fold Change: 7.5317
Cell Significance Index: 198.0500
Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
Fold Change: 6.8587
Cell Significance Index: 886.0900
Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
Fold Change: 6.6021
Cell Significance Index: 811.7900
Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
Fold Change: 6.4521
Cell Significance Index: 2852.6200
Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
Fold Change: 6.2859
Cell Significance Index: 468.4900
Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
Fold Change: 6.2830
Cell Significance Index: 1132.6400
Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
Fold Change: 6.2260
Cell Significance Index: 401.6700
Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
Fold Change: 6.1197
Cell Significance Index: 3342.0900
Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
Fold Change: 5.9892
Cell Significance Index: 706.3100
Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
Fold Change: 4.0958
Cell Significance Index: 289.6700
Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
Fold Change: 3.4919
Cell Significance Index: 20.5200
Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
Fold Change: 3.0333
Cell Significance Index: 2295.9400
Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
Fold Change: 1.9966
Cell Significance Index: 227.9100
Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
Fold Change: 1.9310
Cell Significance Index: 90.0300
Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
Fold Change: 1.6643
Cell Significance Index: 330.2900
Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
Fold Change: 1.2366
Cell Significance Index: 33.6600
Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
Fold Change: 1.1228
Cell Significance Index: 191.7200
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
Fold Change: 0.8818
Cell Significance Index: 167.8200
Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
Fold Change: 0.8250
Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
Fold Change: 0.3633
Cell Significance Index: 9.7000
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
Fold Change: 0.3302
Cell Significance Index: 242.1200
Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
Fold Change: 0.0264
Cell Significance Index: 49.7800
Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
Fold Change: -0.0059
Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
Fold Change: -0.1388
Cell Significance Index: -102.7800
Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
Fold Change: -0.2315
Cell Significance Index: -426.9400
Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
Fold Change: -0.2424
Cell Significance Index: -4.7300
Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
Fold Change: -0.2680
Cell Significance Index: -412.5500
Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
Fold Change: -0.2869
Cell Significance Index: -179.1900
Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
Fold Change: -0.3225
Cell Significance Index: -438.5200
Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
Fold Change: -0.3710
Cell Significance Index: -235.6400
Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
Fold Change: -0.4351
Cell Significance Index: -245.3500
Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
Fold Change: -0.4673
Cell Significance Index: -323.1800
Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
Fold Change: -0.5026
Cell Significance Index: -49.7200
Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
Fold Change: -0.6257
Cell Significance Index: -284.0000
Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
Fold Change: -0.6666
Cell Significance Index: -34.6300
Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
Fold Change: -0.6736
Cell Significance Index: -241.6200
Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
Fold Change: -0.6742
Cell Significance Index: -142.0100
Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
Fold Change: -0.6875
Cell Significance Index: -34.7400
Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
Fold Change: -0.6901
Cell Significance Index: -6.3600
Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
Fold Change: -0.7197
Cell Significance Index: -12.0500
Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
Fold Change: -1.0170
Cell Significance Index: -292.6200
Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
Fold Change: -1.0189
Cell Significance Index: -41.7500
Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
Fold Change: -1.2831
Cell Significance Index: -22.1200
Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
Fold Change: -1.3844
Cell Significance Index: -277.7000
Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
Fold Change: -1.4059
Cell Significance Index: -32.4800
Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
Fold Change: -1.4814
Cell Significance Index: -215.3400
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
Fold Change: -1.5109
Cell Significance Index: -68.4900
Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
Fold Change: -1.6727
Cell Significance Index: -191.6400
Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
Fold Change: -1.8343
Cell Significance Index: -46.8600
Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
Fold Change: -2.0369
Cell Significance Index: -221.5500
Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
Fold Change: -2.0464
Cell Significance Index: -238.4800
Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
Fold Change: -2.1582
Cell Significance Index: -57.7300
Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
Fold Change: -2.4729
Cell Significance Index: -69.1100
Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
Fold Change: -2.5916
Cell Significance Index: -22.2700
Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
Fold Change: -2.7310
Cell Significance Index: -40.3100
Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
Fold Change: -3.1382
Cell Significance Index: -164.7700
Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
Fold Change: -3.1456
Cell Significance Index: -327.5300
Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
Fold Change: -3.3965
Cell Significance Index: -260.6500
Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
Fold Change: -3.5857
Cell Significance Index: -114.8500
Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
Fold Change: -3.6562
Cell Significance Index: -22.0900
Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
Fold Change: -4.0314
Cell Significance Index: -319.2900
Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
Fold Change: -4.4708
Cell Significance Index: -155.3600
Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
Fold Change: -4.6636
Cell Significance Index: -25.4300
Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
Fold Change: -5.1852
Cell Significance Index: -108.1400
Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
Fold Change: -5.5732
Cell Significance Index: -341.6900
Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
Fold Change: -5.5941
Cell Significance Index: -313.9100
Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
Fold Change: -5.7433
Cell Significance Index: -361.9800
Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
Fold Change: -5.7602
Cell Significance Index: -78.5900
Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
Fold Change: -6.0117
Cell Significance Index: -90.0800
Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
Fold Change: -6.2152
Cell Significance Index: -130.1000
Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
Fold Change: -6.4850
Cell Significance Index: -39.9100
Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
Fold Change: -6.7198
Cell Significance Index: -193.6100
Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
Fold Change: -7.2191
Cell Significance Index: -156.4000
Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
Fold Change: -7.5716
Cell Significance Index: -334.9100
Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
Fold Change: -7.7581
Cell Significance Index: -228.5100
Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
Fold Change: -8.0272
Cell Significance Index: -215.0900
Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
Fold Change: -8.3437
Cell Significance Index: -208.5700
Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
Fold Change: -8.3448
Cell Significance Index: -306.3300
Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
Fold Change: -8.3566
Cell Significance Index: -56.6200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

**Key Characteristics** B2M is a 18-kDa protein that is encoded by the B2M gene (ENSG00000166710). It is expressed in almost all human tissues and cells, including immune cells, neurons, and epithelial cells. B2M is a component of the MHC class I molecule, which is composed of alpha and beta chains. The beta chain is non-coding and is responsible for the binding of antigens to the MHC class I molecule. B2M is also involved in the regulation of immune responses, including the modulation of antigen presentation, cytokine signaling, and the response to viral infections. **Pathways and Functions** B2M is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Adaptive Immune System**: B2M is essential for the presentation of antigens to CD8+ T cells, which is a critical step in the adaptive immune response. 2. **Antigen Presentation**: B2M is involved in the regulation of antigen presentation, including the loading of antigens onto MHC class I molecules. 3. **Cytokine Signaling**: B2M is involved in the regulation of cytokine signaling, including the production of interferon-gamma. 4. **Viral Infection**: B2M is involved in the response to viral infections, including the modulation of antigen presentation and cytokine signaling. 5. **Cellular Response to Iron**: B2M is involved in the regulation of cellular response to iron, including the regulation of iron ion transport. **Clinical Significance** B2M has significant clinical implications, including: 1. **Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis**: Elevated levels of B2M are associated with various types of cancer, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and breast cancer. 2. **Infectious Diseases**: B2M is involved in the response to viral infections, including HIV and SARS-CoV-2. 3. **Immunodeficiency Disorders**: B2M is involved in the regulation of immune responses, including the production of cytokines and the regulation of antigen presentation. 4. **Neurological Disorders**: B2M is involved in the regulation of immune responses in the central nervous system, including the response to neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, B2M is a critical component of the immune system, involved in the regulation of antigen presentation, cytokine signaling, and the response to viral infections. Its expression is significantly elevated in various types of cancer, making it a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Further research is needed to fully understand the clinical significance of B2M and its role in human disease.

Disclaimer: This summary is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

Beta-2-microglobulin

Genular Protein ID: 2050760643

Symbol: B2MG_HUMAN

Name: Beta-2-microglobulin

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P61769 P01884 Q540F8 Q6IAT8 Q9UCK0 Q9UD48 Q9UDF4

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3312414

Title: The human beta 2-microglobulin gene. Primary structure and definition of the transcriptional unit.

PubMed ID: 3312414

PubMed ID: 16108498

Title: Cloning of human beta-microglobulin gene and its high expression in Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 16108498

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11894933

Title: The beta-2-microglobulin mRNA in human Daudi cells has a mutated initiation codon but is still inducible by interferon.

PubMed ID: 11894933

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01412.x

PubMed ID: 6171820

Title: Use of synthetic oligonucleotides as hybridization probes: isolation of cloned cDNA sequences for human beta 2-microglobulin.

PubMed ID: 6171820

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.6613

PubMed ID: 4586824

Title: The complete amino acid sequence of beta 2-microglobulin.

PubMed ID: 4586824

DOI: 10.1021/bi00748a001

PubMed ID: 3532124

Title: Polymerization of intact beta 2-microglobulin in tissue causes amyloidosis in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

PubMed ID: 3532124

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.20.7908

PubMed ID: 1336137

Title: Biochemical characterization of serum and urinary beta 2 microglobulin in end-stage renal disease patients.

PubMed ID: 1336137

PubMed ID: 8084451

Title: Isolation of a granulocyte inhibitory protein from uraemic patients with homology of beta 2-microglobulin.

PubMed ID: 8084451

PubMed ID: 7554280

Title: Amino acid sequence of a modified beta 2-microglobulin in renal failure patient urine and long-term dialysis patient blood.

PubMed ID: 7554280

DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(95)06039-g

PubMed ID: 25946035

Title: Human basal tear peptidome characterization by CID, HCD, and ETD followed by in silico and in vitro analyses for antimicrobial peptide identification.

PubMed ID: 25946035

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00179

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 9427624

Title: TAP- and tapasin-dependent HLA-E surface expression correlates with the binding of an MHC class I leader peptide.

PubMed ID: 9427624

DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(98)70014-4

PubMed ID: 10605026

Title: HLA-F is a predominantly empty, intracellular, TAP-associated MHC class Ib protein with a restricted expression pattern.

PubMed ID: 10605026

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.1.319

PubMed ID: 25356553

Title: The ESAT-6 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis interacts with beta-2-microglobulin (beta2M) affecting antigen presentation function of macrophage.

PubMed ID: 25356553

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004446

PubMed ID: 7918443

Title: Glycation of human beta 2-microglobulin in patients with hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis: identification of the glycated sites.

PubMed ID: 7918443

DOI: 10.1021/bi00206a026

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22693999

Title: Hereditary systemic amyloidosis due to Asp76Asn variant beta2-microglobulin.

PubMed ID: 22693999

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1201356

PubMed ID: 3309677

Title: Structure of the human class I histocompatibility antigen, HLA-A2.

PubMed ID: 3309677

DOI: 10.1038/329506a0

PubMed ID: 2038058

Title: Refined structure of the human histocompatibility antigen HLA-A2 at 2.6-A resolution.

PubMed ID: 2038058

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(91)90567-p

PubMed ID: 1390678

Title: 1H NMR assignments and secondary structure of human beta 2-microglobulin in solution.

PubMed ID: 1390678

DOI: 10.1021/bi00152a030

PubMed ID: 7862664

Title: The three-dimensional structure of a class I major histocompatibility complex molecule missing the alpha 3 domain of the heavy chain.

PubMed ID: 7862664

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.4.1218

PubMed ID: 8624812

Title: Bound water structure and polymorphic amino acids act together to allow the binding of different peptides to MHC class I HLA-B53.

PubMed ID: 8624812

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80430-6

PubMed ID: 12119416

Title: Crystal structure of monomeric human beta-2-microglobulin reveals clues to its amyloidogenic properties.

PubMed ID: 12119416

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.152337399

PubMed ID: 12796775

Title: A structural basis for immunodominant human T cell receptor recognition.

PubMed ID: 12796775

DOI: 10.1038/ni942

PubMed ID: 16901902

Title: Conformation of amyloid fibrils of beta2-microglobulin probed by tryptophan mutagenesis.

PubMed ID: 16901902

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m605358200

PubMed ID: 16491088

Title: A native to amyloidogenic transition regulated by a backbone trigger.

PubMed ID: 16491088

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb1068

PubMed ID: 17056715

Title: Structural basis for recognition of the nonclassical MHC molecule HLA-G by the leukocyte Ig-like receptor B2 (LILRB2/LIR2/ILT4/CD85d).

PubMed ID: 17056715

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605228103

PubMed ID: 17646174

Title: High-resolution crystal structure of beta2-microglobulin formed at pH 7.0.

PubMed ID: 17646174

DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvm148

PubMed ID: 18835253

Title: DE loop mutations affect beta2-microglobulin stability and amyloid aggregation.

PubMed ID: 18835253

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.108

PubMed ID: 18395224

Title: The controlling roles of Trp60 and Trp95 in beta2-microglobulin function, folding and amyloid aggregation properties.

PubMed ID: 18395224

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.03.002

PubMed ID: 19284997

Title: Human beta-2 microglobulin W60V mutant structure: Implications for stability and amyloid aggregation.

PubMed ID: 19284997

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.116

PubMed ID: 24695216

Title: T-cell activation by transitory neo-antigens derived from distinct microbial pathways.

PubMed ID: 24695216

DOI: 10.1038/nature13160

PubMed ID: 16549777

Title: Familial hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia caused by deficiency of the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, due to a mutant beta2-microglobulin gene.

PubMed ID: 16549777

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0600548103

Sequence Information:

Length: 119
Mass: 13715
Checksum: AFD2DBEF07DCEF27
Sequence:

MSRSVALAVL ALLSLSGLEA IQRTPKIQVY SRHPAENGKS NFLNCYVSGF HPSDIEVDLL 
KNGERIEKVE HSDLSFSKDW SFYLLYYTEF TPTEKDEYAC RVNHVTLSQP KIVKWDRDM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.

Details for: B2M

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

Other Information

The human beta 2-microglobulin gene. Primary structure and definition of the transcriptional unit. PubMed ID: 3312414

Cloning of human beta-microglobulin gene and its high expression in Escherichia coli. PubMed ID: 16108498

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. PubMed ID: 14702039

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

The beta-2-microglobulin mRNA in human Daudi cells has a mutated initiation codon but is still inducible by interferon. PubMed ID: 11894933

Use of synthetic oligonucleotides as hybridization probes: isolation of cloned cDNA sequences for human beta 2-microglobulin. PubMed ID: 6171820

The complete amino acid sequence of beta 2-microglobulin. PubMed ID: 4586824

Polymerization of intact beta 2-microglobulin in tissue causes amyloidosis in patients on chronic hemodialysis. PubMed ID: 3532124

Biochemical characterization of serum and urinary beta 2 microglobulin in end-stage renal disease patients. PubMed ID: 1336137

Isolation of a granulocyte inhibitory protein from uraemic patients with homology of beta 2-microglobulin. PubMed ID: 8084451

Amino acid sequence of a modified beta 2-microglobulin in renal failure patient urine and long-term dialysis patient blood. PubMed ID: 7554280

Human basal tear peptidome characterization by CID, HCD, and ETD followed by in silico and in vitro analyses for antimicrobial peptide identification. PubMed ID: 25946035

An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 24275569

N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. PubMed ID: 25944712

TAP- and tapasin-dependent HLA-E surface expression correlates with the binding of an MHC class I leader peptide. PubMed ID: 9427624

HLA-F is a predominantly empty, intracellular, TAP-associated MHC class Ib protein with a restricted expression pattern. PubMed ID: 10605026

The ESAT-6 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis interacts with beta-2-microglobulin (beta2M) affecting antigen presentation function of macrophage. PubMed ID: 25356553

Glycation of human beta 2-microglobulin in patients with hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis: identification of the glycated sites. PubMed ID: 7918443

Initial characterization of the human central proteome. PubMed ID: 21269460

Hereditary systemic amyloidosis due to Asp76Asn variant beta2-microglobulin. PubMed ID: 22693999

Structure of the human class I histocompatibility antigen, HLA-A2. PubMed ID: 3309677

Refined structure of the human histocompatibility antigen HLA-A2 at 2.6-A resolution. PubMed ID: 2038058

1H NMR assignments and secondary structure of human beta 2-microglobulin in solution. PubMed ID: 1390678

The three-dimensional structure of a class I major histocompatibility complex molecule missing the alpha 3 domain of the heavy chain. PubMed ID: 7862664

Bound water structure and polymorphic amino acids act together to allow the binding of different peptides to MHC class I HLA-B53. PubMed ID: 8624812

Crystal structure of monomeric human beta-2-microglobulin reveals clues to its amyloidogenic properties. PubMed ID: 12119416

A structural basis for immunodominant human T cell receptor recognition. PubMed ID: 12796775

Conformation of amyloid fibrils of beta2-microglobulin probed by tryptophan mutagenesis. PubMed ID: 16901902

A native to amyloidogenic transition regulated by a backbone trigger. PubMed ID: 16491088

Structural basis for recognition of the nonclassical MHC molecule HLA-G by the leukocyte Ig-like receptor B2 (LILRB2/LIR2/ILT4/CD85d). PubMed ID: 17056715

High-resolution crystal structure of beta2-microglobulin formed at pH 7.0. PubMed ID: 17646174

DE loop mutations affect beta2-microglobulin stability and amyloid aggregation. PubMed ID: 18835253

The controlling roles of Trp60 and Trp95 in beta2-microglobulin function, folding and amyloid aggregation properties. PubMed ID: 18395224

Human beta-2 microglobulin W60V mutant structure: Implications for stability and amyloid aggregation. PubMed ID: 19284997

T-cell activation by transitory neo-antigens derived from distinct microbial pathways. PubMed ID: 24695216

Familial hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia caused by deficiency of the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, due to a mutant beta2-microglobulin gene. PubMed ID: 16549777