Details for: BAD

Gene ID: 572

Symbol: BAD

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000002330

Description: BCL2 associated agonist of cell death

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 198.5918
    Cell Significance Index: -30.8900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 134.5196
    Cell Significance Index: -34.1200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 86.7783
    Cell Significance Index: -40.9700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 76.0519
    Cell Significance Index: -39.1200
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 61.4883
    Cell Significance Index: -41.2600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 31.6313
    Cell Significance Index: -39.0000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 11.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -29.4900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 10.2457
    Cell Significance Index: -40.4300
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 8.2892
    Cell Significance Index: -25.4600
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 2.7911
    Cell Significance Index: 23.4500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 2.0403
    Cell Significance Index: 92.4800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 2.0072
    Cell Significance Index: 218.3300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.9273
    Cell Significance Index: 89.8600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.2507
    Cell Significance Index: 683.0500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.2390
    Cell Significance Index: 170.1600
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.2353
    Cell Significance Index: 1115.3700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.1518
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 1.0210
    Cell Significance Index: 22.1200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.9415
    Cell Significance Index: 115.7700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.8896
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.8869
    Cell Significance Index: 113.6900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.8779
    Cell Significance Index: 46.1000
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.8611
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9300
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.8543
    Cell Significance Index: 22.4700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.8450
    Cell Significance Index: 53.2600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.8395
    Cell Significance Index: 43.6100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.8387
    Cell Significance Index: 151.2000
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.7715
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.7454
    Cell Significance Index: 20.2900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.7285
    Cell Significance Index: 322.1000
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: 0.6967
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.6848
    Cell Significance Index: 47.3600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.5808
    Cell Significance Index: 16.7400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.5800
    Cell Significance Index: 27.2600
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.5552
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.5534
    Cell Significance Index: 19.2300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.5346
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.5312
    Cell Significance Index: 37.5700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.5193
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.4826
    Cell Significance Index: 35.9700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4419
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.4212
    Cell Significance Index: 27.1800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.4190
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4119
    Cell Significance Index: 40.7500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.3818
    Cell Significance Index: 49.3200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3636
    Cell Significance Index: 72.9300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3087
    Cell Significance Index: 58.7500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2715
    Cell Significance Index: 32.0200
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 0.2116
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.1544
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0909
    Cell Significance Index: 32.5900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: 61.9300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0698
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0589
    Cell Significance Index: 44.5800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0544
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0496
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0220
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0264
    Cell Significance Index: -40.6100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: -45.2900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0351
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0397
    Cell Significance Index: -29.4200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0470
    Cell Significance Index: -29.8600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0637
    Cell Significance Index: -35.9300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0637
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0731
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0785
    Cell Significance Index: -49.0200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1034
    Cell Significance Index: -29.7400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1238
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4300
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1417
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1474
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1746
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2132
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.2236
    Cell Significance Index: -47.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2352
    Cell Significance Index: -34.1900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.2646
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3372
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3476
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3814
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3852
    Cell Significance Index: -40.1100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.3924
    Cell Significance Index: -30.1100
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.4391
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.4794
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.4829
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.5619
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.5738
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.5812
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6300
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.6524
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.6823
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.7860
    Cell Significance Index: -34.7700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: -0.8308
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.8663
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8000
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.8759
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.8925
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.9018
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.9212
    Cell Significance Index: -32.2700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.9216
    Cell Significance Index: -34.9000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.9317
    Cell Significance Index: -23.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** * BAD is a pro-apoptotic protein that promotes cell death by interacting with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members. * BAD is induced by BAX and translocates to the mitochondria, where it interacts with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members. * BAD's interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members leads to their inactivation and promotes cell death. * BAD is involved in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, and cellular response to hypoxia. * BAD is expressed in various cell types, including neurons, epithelial cells, and stromal cells. **Pathways and Functions:** * **Activation of BAD and translocation to mitochondria:** BAD is induced by BAX and translocates to the mitochondria, where it interacts with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members. * **Activation of BAX:** BAD's interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members leads to their inactivation and promotes cell death. * **Activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity:** BAD's interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members leads to the activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity, which promotes cell death. * **Activation of Akt phosphorylation:** BAD's interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members leads to the activation of Akt phosphorylation, which promotes cell survival. * **Apoptosis:** BAD's interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members leads to the promotion of apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death. **Clinical Significance:** * **Cancer:** BAD's pro-apoptotic function is critical for preventing cancer. Mutations in the BAD gene have been implicated in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. * **Neurodegenerative diseases:** BAD's pro-apoptotic function is critical for maintaining neuronal health. Mutations in the BAD gene have been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. * **Cardiovascular disease:** BAD's pro-apoptotic function is critical for maintaining cardiac health. Mutations in the BAD gene have been implicated in various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and myocardial infarction. * **Inflammatory diseases:** BAD's pro-apoptotic function is critical for maintaining immune homeostasis. Mutations in the BAD gene have been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. In conclusion, the BAD gene plays a critical role in regulating cell death and survival, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory diseases. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of BAD's pro-apoptotic function and its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Genular Protein ID: 1418302410

Symbol: BAD_HUMAN

Name: Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8929532

Title: Bcl-2 targets the protein kinase Raf-1 to mitochondria.

PubMed ID: 8929532

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81383-5

PubMed ID: 9388232

Title: Dimerization properties of human BAD. Identification of a BH-3 domain and analysis of its binding to mutant BCL-2 and BCL-XL proteins.

PubMed ID: 9388232

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.49.30866

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 19054851

Title: Human protein factory for converting the transcriptome into an in vitro-expressed proteome.

PubMed ID: 19054851

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1273

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10926925

Title: Inhibition of Akt and its anti-apoptotic activities by tumor necrosis factor-induced protein kinase C-related kinase 2 (PRK2) cleavage.

PubMed ID: 10926925

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001753200

PubMed ID: 11278822

Title: The serine/threonine kinase PAK4 prevents caspase activation and protects cells from apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 11278822

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011046200

PubMed ID: 12897128

Title: p21-Activated kinase 5 (Pak5) localizes to mitochondria and inhibits apoptosis by phosphorylating BAD.

PubMed ID: 12897128

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.16.5526-5539.2003

PubMed ID: 16818649

Title: Pim-3, a proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity, is aberrantly expressed in human pancreatic cancer and phosphorylates bad to block bad-mediated apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cell lines.

PubMed ID: 16818649

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-4272

PubMed ID: 16509771

Title: IAN family critically regulates survival and development of T lymphocytes.

PubMed ID: 16509771

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040103

PubMed ID: 17270021

Title: Proto-oncogene, Pim-3 with serine/threonine kinase activity, is aberrantly expressed in human colon cancer cells and can prevent Bad-mediated apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 17270021

DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00390.x

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 21444773

Title: Arginine methylation of BCL-2 antagonist of cell death (BAD) counteracts its phosphorylation and inactivation by Akt.

PubMed ID: 21444773

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1015328108

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 24129315

Title: Immunoaffinity enrichment and mass spectrometry analysis of protein methylation.

PubMed ID: 24129315

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o113.027870

PubMed ID: 11206074

Title: Rationale for Bcl-xL/Bad peptide complex formation from structure, mutagenesis, and biophysical studies.

PubMed ID: 11206074

DOI: 10.1110/ps.9.12.2528

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 168
  • Mass: 18392
  • Checksum: 69FD8D27DDEE3241
  • Sequence:
  • MFQIPEFEPS EQEDSSSAER GLGPSPAGDG PSGSGKHHRQ APGLLWDASH QQEQPTSSSH 
    HGGAGAVEIR SRHSSYPAGT EDDEGMGEEP SPFRGRSRSA PPNLWAAQRY GRELRRMSDE 
    FVDSFKKGLP RPKSAGTATQ MRQSSSWTRV FQSWWDRNLG RGSSAPSQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.