Details for: BAK1

Gene ID: 578

Symbol: BAK1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000030110

Description: BCL2 antagonist/killer 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 74.3514
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 38.5088
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 28.1071
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 26.8136
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7900
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 9.8584
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1600
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 3.4362
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 3.1513
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 2.5102
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.8343
    Cell Significance Index: 53.8700
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 1.7049
    Cell Significance Index: 14.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.3372
    Cell Significance Index: 145.4500
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.0746
    Cell Significance Index: 17.2400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 1.0475
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.7578
    Cell Significance Index: 21.8400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.7449
    Cell Significance Index: 51.5200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.6853
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6842
    Cell Significance Index: 35.5400
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6474
    Cell Significance Index: 64.0400
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.5994
    Cell Significance Index: 16.0600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.4757
    Cell Significance Index: 21.5600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.4714
    Cell Significance Index: 12.8300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.4616
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.4018
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3885
    Cell Significance Index: 73.9400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.3226
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.3018
    Cell Significance Index: 37.1100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.2691
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2523
    Cell Significance Index: 29.7500
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.2264
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.2071
    Cell Significance Index: 37.3400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.2040
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2022
    Cell Significance Index: 89.3900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1988
    Cell Significance Index: 108.5600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.1625
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1600
    Cell Significance Index: 26.0300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.1477
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1465
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1356
    Cell Significance Index: 27.2000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1194
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1093
    Cell Significance Index: 5.0900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0751
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0737
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.0651
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0572
    Cell Significance Index: 20.5200
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: 36.4500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0505
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4100
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: 33.2000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.0364
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2700
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.0230
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4500
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0064
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0071
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0083
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0108
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0209
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0229
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0300
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0318
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0592
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0669
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0756
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0796
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0800
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0866
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1012
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1169
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.1188
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1465
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.1529
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1646
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0700
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1668
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1747
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1811
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1908
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1991
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2111
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2146
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.2150
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8600
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.2389
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.2456
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2570
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5700
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2708
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.2718
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5200
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2830
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2895
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2984
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** BAK1 is a 19-kDa protein belonging to the BCL2 family, characterized by its ability to interact with other BCL2 family members, such as BAX, BAK, and BH3-only proteins. Its pro-apoptotic activity is mediated through its ability to induce mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), releasing cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors into the cytosol. BAK1 also regulates cellular responses to various stressors, including unfolded protein response (UPR), endoplasmic reticulum stress, and DNA damage. **Pathways and Functions:** BAK1's pro-apoptotic activity is linked to several key pathways, including: 1. **Apoptotic Signaling Pathway:** BAK1 interacts with BAX and other BCL2 family members to promote MOMP, releasing cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors into the cytosol. 2. **Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ER stress response):** BAK1 regulates the UPR by promoting the activation of PERK and IRE1, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of ATF6. 3. **DNA Damage Response:** BAK1 interacts with p53 and other DNA damage response proteins to promote apoptosis in response to DNA damage. 4. **Mitochondrial Fusion:** BAK1 regulates mitochondrial fusion by interacting with mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) and mitofusin-2 (Mfn2). **Clinical Significance:** BAK1's dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer:** BAK1's pro-apoptotic activity is often lost in cancer cells, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** BAK1's dysregulation has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress play key roles. 3. **Inflammatory Diseases:** BAK1's pro-apoptotic activity has been implicated in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, where apoptosis is dysregulated. In conclusion, BAK1 is a critical regulator of apoptosis and cellular homeostasis, playing a pivotal role in maintaining cellular balance. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications. **Recommendations for Future Research:** 1. **Investigate BAK1's role in specific disease models:** Further studies are needed to elucidate BAK1's role in specific disease models, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases. 2. **Develop therapeutic strategies:** Targeting BAK1's pro-apoptotic activity may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treating diseases characterized by dysregulated apoptosis. 3. **Explore BAK1's interactions with other proteins:** Further studies are needed to elucidate BAK1's interactions with other proteins, including BAX, BCL2, and BH3-only proteins, to better understand its mechanisms of action. By advancing our understanding of BAK1's role in regulating apoptosis and cellular homeostasis, we can uncover new therapeutic strategies for treating diseases characterized by dysregulated apoptosis.

Genular Protein ID: 1863433708

Symbol: BAK_HUMAN

Name: Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q16611 C0H5Y7 Q6I9T6 Q92533

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 2 ChEMBL 1 ComplexPortal 2 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DisProt 1 ELM 1 EMBL 11 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 72 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 47 PDBsum 47 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 4 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7715729

Title: Cloning of a bcl-2 homologue by interaction with adenovirus E1B 19K.

PubMed ID: 7715729

DOI: 10.1038/374731a0

PubMed ID: 7715730

Title: Induction of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 homologue Bak.

PubMed ID: 7715730

DOI: 10.1038/374733a0

PubMed ID: 7715731

Title: Modulation of apoptosis by the widely distributed Bcl-2 homologue Bak.

PubMed ID: 7715731

DOI: 10.1038/374736a0

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8521816

Title: A conserved domain in Bak, distinct from BH1 and BH2, mediates cell death and protein binding functions.

PubMed ID: 8521816

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00246.x

PubMed ID: 10233985

Title: Epstein-Barr virus encodes a novel homolog of the bcl-2 oncogene that inhibits apoptosis and associates with Bax and Bak.

PubMed ID: 10233985

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.6.5181-5185.1999

PubMed ID: 16439990

Title: Interaction of F1L with the BH3 domain of Bak is responsible for inhibiting vaccinia-induced apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 16439990

DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401853

PubMed ID: 16509771

Title: IAN family critically regulates survival and development of T lymphocytes.

PubMed ID: 16509771

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040103

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23055042

Title: Human Bop is a novel BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 protein family.

PubMed ID: 23055042

DOI: 10.1007/s13238-012-2069-7

PubMed ID: 25296756

Title: Plasminogen kringle 5 induces endothelial cell apoptosis by triggering a voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) positive feedback loop.

PubMed ID: 25296756

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.567792

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 29531808

Title: PLEKHN1 promotes apoptosis by enhancing Bax-Bak hetero-oligomerization through interaction with Bid in human colon cancer.

PubMed ID: 29531808

DOI: 10.1038/s41420-017-0006-5

PubMed ID: 9020082

Title: Structure of Bcl-xL-Bak peptide complex: recognition between regulators of apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 9020082

DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5302.983

PubMed ID: 17157251

Title: The X-ray structure of a BAK homodimer reveals an inhibitory zinc binding site.

PubMed ID: 17157251

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2006.10.014

PubMed ID: 17386268

Title: A structural viral mimic of prosurvival Bcl-2: a pivotal role for sequestering proapoptotic Bax and Bak.

PubMed ID: 17386268

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.02.004

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 211
  • Mass: 23409
  • Checksum: A2200FE72A46D04E
  • Sequence:
    • MASGQGPGPP RQECGEPALP SASEEQVAQD TEEVFRSYVF YRHQQEQEAE GVAAPADPEM 
VTLPLQPSST MGQVGRQLAI IGDDINRRYD SEFQTMLQHL QPTAENAYEY FTKIATSLFE 
SGINWGRVVA LLGFGYRLAL HVYQHGLTGF LGQVTRFVVD FMLHHCIARW IAQRGGWVAA 
LNLGNGPILN VLVVLGVVLL GQFVVRRFFK S

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.