Details for: BST2

Gene ID: 684

Symbol: BST2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000130303

Description: bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cell (CL4028002)
    Fold Change: 4.51
    Marker Score: 11473
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 4.28
    Marker Score: 3066
  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cell (CL4028003)
    Fold Change: 3.94
    Marker Score: 5704.5
  • Cell Name: pulmonary artery endothelial cell (CL1001568)
    Fold Change: 3.6
    Marker Score: 3102
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 3.58
    Marker Score: 23310
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: 3.5
    Marker Score: 9658.5
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 3.16
    Marker Score: 5177
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 2.93
    Marker Score: 34007
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Marker Score: 162723.5
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: 2.79
    Marker Score: 27649
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 2.77
    Marker Score: 2363
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Marker Score: 35828
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002397)
    Fold Change: 2.71
    Marker Score: 5287
  • Cell Name: CD34-positive, CD38-negative hematopoietic stem cell (CL0001024)
    Fold Change: 2.69
    Marker Score: 1949
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 2.6
    Marker Score: 5193.5
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 2.51
    Marker Score: 10268
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: 2.51
    Marker Score: 2509
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 2.47
    Marker Score: 24859
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0002371)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Marker Score: 2606
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial cell (CL1000500)
    Fold Change: 2.41
    Marker Score: 1711
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 2.37
    Marker Score: 4014
  • Cell Name: basophil (CL0000767)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 1121
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 2699
  • Cell Name: intraepithelial lymphocyte (CL0002496)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 2617.5
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 2.35
    Marker Score: 15047
  • Cell Name: peritubular capillary endothelial cell (CL1001033)
    Fold Change: 2.35
    Marker Score: 547
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 2093
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of lamina propria of small intestine (CL0009022)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Marker Score: 521
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Marker Score: 23053.5
  • Cell Name: NKp46-positive innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001076)
    Fold Change: 2.26
    Marker Score: 6596.5
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Marker Score: 3780
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 2.2
    Marker Score: 1211
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 2.18
    Marker Score: 4546
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 55654
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Marker Score: 5861
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: 2.13
    Marker Score: 1811
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 874
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Marker Score: 6600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of sinusoid (CL0002262)
    Fold Change: 2.07
    Marker Score: 501
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 2.03
    Marker Score: 17854
  • Cell Name: double negative T regulatory cell (CL0011024)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 1954.5
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of Cajal (CL0002088)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 699
  • Cell Name: ILC1, human (CL0001077)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 503
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian (CL0001066)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Marker Score: 628
  • Cell Name: CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human (CL0000938)
    Fold Change: 1.95
    Marker Score: 1595
  • Cell Name: CD56-positive, CD161-positive immature natural killer cell, human (CL0002338)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 640
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 2340.5
  • Cell Name: B-1 B cell (CL0000819)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 3367
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000934)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 1682
  • Cell Name: bronchus fibroblast of lung (CL2000093)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 2631
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated (CL0001062)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 2818
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 1500
  • Cell Name: glomerular endothelial cell (CL0002188)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 485
  • Cell Name: double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000809)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 3736
  • Cell Name: blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0000071)
    Fold Change: 1.9
    Marker Score: 1912
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha alpha positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000802)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 609
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic precursor cell (CL0008001)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 652
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 1579
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 407
  • Cell Name: renal interstitial pericyte (CL1001318)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Marker Score: 1766
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: 1.83
    Marker Score: 2433.5
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 4721
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 1.81
    Marker Score: 6973
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of glomerular capsule (CL1000450)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Marker Score: 459.5
  • Cell Name: cord blood hematopoietic stem cell (CL2000095)
    Fold Change: 1.8
    Marker Score: 1359
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 894
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 3168
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 770
  • Cell Name: alternatively activated macrophage (CL0000890)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 741
  • Cell Name: IgM plasma cell (CL0000986)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 618
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 1118.5
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: 1.77
    Marker Score: 4410
  • Cell Name: unswitched memory B cell (CL0000970)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 1034
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 684
  • Cell Name: central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000907)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 4292
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 1050
  • Cell Name: lung microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000016)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Marker Score: 371
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 1252
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 12749.5
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 985
  • Cell Name: memory B cell (CL0000787)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 1295
  • Cell Name: activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000896)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 1236
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell, human (CL0001056)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 1738
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: 1.7
    Marker Score: 1163
  • Cell Name: capillary endothelial cell (CL0002144)
    Fold Change: 1.7
    Marker Score: 1824
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Marker Score: 3087
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Marker Score: 1495
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Marker Score: 4925
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Marker Score: 1103
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Marker Score: 513.5
  • Cell Name: activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human (CL0001049)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 373
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of artery (CL1000413)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 679
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 2370
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 3930
  • Cell Name: vein endothelial cell (CL0002543)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 1469
  • Cell Name: gamma-delta T cell (CL0000798)
    Fold Change: 1.62
    Marker Score: 1089
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 4526
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 787
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 1075
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 943

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** * The protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. * It is expressed in high levels in immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. * It is involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses to pathogens. **Pathways and functions:** * BST2 is a key regulator of innate immune responses. * It is involved in the regulation of inflammation and the development of autoimmune diseases. * It is also involved in the regulation of tissue repair and regeneration. **Clinical significance:** * Mutations in the BST2 gene have been linked to the development of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and lupus. * Targeting BST2 has been investigated as a therapeutic strategy for these diseases. **Additional information:** * The gene is located on chromosome 15q21.1. * It is a highly conserved protein, with a similar gene found in mice and rats. * It is expressed in high levels in healthy humans, but its expression is increased in inflammatory diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1351465413

Symbol: BST2_HUMAN

Name: Bone marrow stromal antigen 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7607676

Title: Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of a bone marrow stromal cell surface gene, BST2, that may be involved in pre-B-cell growth.

PubMed ID: 7607676

DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80171-h

PubMed ID: 10329429

Title: Molecular cloning and characterization of a surface antigen preferentially overexpressed on multiple myeloma cells.

PubMed ID: 10329429

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0683

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 16157322

Title: Characterization of antibodies submitted to the B cell section of the 8th Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens Workshop by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.

PubMed ID: 16157322

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2005.08.002

PubMed ID: 16602701

Title: Modification-specific proteomics of plasma membrane proteins: identification and characterization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins released upon phospholipase D treatment.

PubMed ID: 16602701

DOI: 10.1021/pr050419u

PubMed ID: 17566972

Title: Computational approach for identification and characterization of GPI-anchored peptides in proteomics experiments.

PubMed ID: 17566972

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700068

PubMed ID: 18342597

Title: The interferon-induced protein BST-2 restricts HIV-1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein.

PubMed ID: 18342597

DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.001

PubMed ID: 18200009

Title: Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu.

PubMed ID: 18200009

DOI: 10.1038/nature06553

PubMed ID: 19879838

Title: Tetherin inhibits HIV-1 release by directly tethering virions to cells.

PubMed ID: 19879838

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.039

PubMed ID: 19917491

Title: A tail of Tetherin: how pandemic HIV-1 conquered the world.

PubMed ID: 19917491

DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2009.11.002

PubMed ID: 19837671

Title: HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu internalizes cell-surface BST-2/tetherin through transmembrane interactions leading to lysosomes.

PubMed ID: 19837671

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.058305

PubMed ID: 19564354

Title: Regulation of TLR7/9 responses in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by BST2 and ILT7 receptor interaction.

PubMed ID: 19564354

DOI: 10.1084/jem.20090547

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 19036818

Title: Broad-spectrum inhibition of retroviral and filoviral particle release by tetherin.

PubMed ID: 19036818

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02211-08

PubMed ID: 19740980

Title: Antagonism to and intracellular sequestration of human tetherin by the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein.

PubMed ID: 19740980

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01515-09

PubMed ID: 19349973

Title: Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 19349973

DOI: 10.1038/nbt.1532

PubMed ID: 19179289

Title: Tetherin-mediated restriction of filovirus budding is antagonized by the Ebola glycoprotein.

PubMed ID: 19179289

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0811014106

PubMed ID: 19737401

Title: The formation of cysteine-linked dimers of BST-2/tetherin is important for inhibition of HIV-1 virus release but not for sensitivity to Vpu.

PubMed ID: 19737401

DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-80

PubMed ID: 20686043

Title: Infectious Lassa virus, but not filoviruses, is restricted by BST-2/tetherin.

PubMed ID: 20686043

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00103-10

PubMed ID: 20943977

Title: Interferon-induced cell membrane proteins, IFITM3 and tetherin, inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus infection via distinct mechanisms.

PubMed ID: 20943977

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01328-10

PubMed ID: 20419159

Title: The RING-CH ligase K5 antagonizes restriction of KSHV and HIV-1 particle release by mediating ubiquitin-dependent endosomal degradation of tetherin.

PubMed ID: 20419159

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000843

PubMed ID: 20688520

Title: BST-2/tetherin: a new component of the innate immune response to enveloped viruses.

PubMed ID: 20688520

DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2010.06.010

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22180752

Title: structural basis for the antiviral activity of Bst-2/tetherin and its viral antagonism.

PubMed ID: 22180752

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00250

PubMed ID: 21166593

Title: The interferon-inducible host factor bone marrow stromal antigen 2/tetherin restricts virion release, but is it actually a viral restriction factor?

PubMed ID: 21166593

DOI: 10.1089/jir.2010.0108

PubMed ID: 21222046

Title: Tetherin and its viral antagonists.

PubMed ID: 21222046

DOI: 10.1007/s11481-010-9256-1

PubMed ID: 21529378

Title: Tetherin inhibits prototypic foamy virus release.

PubMed ID: 21529378

DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-198

PubMed ID: 21621240

Title: Influenza virus is not restricted by tetherin whereas influenza VLP production is restricted by tetherin.

PubMed ID: 21621240

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.05.006

PubMed ID: 21994744

Title: Antiviral inhibition of enveloped virus release by tetherin/BST-2: action and counteraction.

PubMed ID: 21994744

DOI: 10.3390/v3050520

PubMed ID: 22509177

Title: Vpu and BST2: still not there yet?

PubMed ID: 22509177

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00131

PubMed ID: 22065321

Title: BST-2 binding with cellular MT1-MMP blocks cell growth and migration via decreasing MMP2 activity.

PubMed ID: 22065321

DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23433

PubMed ID: 22811908

Title: Restriction of retroviral replication by tetherin/BST-2.

PubMed ID: 22811908

DOI: 10.1155/2012/424768

PubMed ID: 23028328

Title: Identification of alternatively translated Tetherin isoforms with differing antiviral and signaling activities.

PubMed ID: 23028328

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002931

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 22520941

Title: Modulation of hepatitis C virus release by the interferon-induced protein BST-2/tetherin.

PubMed ID: 22520941

DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.03.011

PubMed ID: 26172439

Title: Vpu exploits the cross-talk between BST2 and the ILT7 receptor to suppress anti-HIV-1 responses by plasmacytoid dendritic Cells.

PubMed ID: 26172439

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005024

PubMed ID: 26378163

Title: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ORF7a Inhibits Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 Virion Tethering through a Novel Mechanism of Glycosylation Interference.

PubMed ID: 26378163

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02274-15

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 31199522

Title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein counteracts BST2-mediated restriction of virus-like particle release.

PubMed ID: 31199522

DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25518

PubMed ID: 20399176

Title: Structural basis of HIV-1 tethering to membranes by the BST-2/tetherin ectodomain.

PubMed ID: 20399176

DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2010.03.005

PubMed ID: 20880831

Title: Structural and functional studies on the extracellular domain of BST2/tetherin in reduced and oxidized conformations.

PubMed ID: 20880831

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008206107

PubMed ID: 20940320

Title: Structural insight into the mechanisms of enveloped virus tethering by tetherin.

PubMed ID: 20940320

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1011485107

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 180
  • Mass: 19769
  • Checksum: CAF52340D69061EE
  • Sequence:
  • MASTSYDYCR VPMEDGDKRC KLLLGIGILV LLIIVILGVP LIIFTIKANS EACRDGLRAV 
    MECRNVTHLL QQELTEAQKG FQDVEAQAAT CNHTVMALMA SLDAEKAQGQ KKVEELEGEI 
    TTLNHKLQDA SAEVERLRRE NQVLSVRIAD KKYYPSSQDS SSAAAPQLLI VLLGLSALLQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.