Details for: TSPO

Gene ID: 706

Symbol: TSPO

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000100300

Description: translocator protein

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 4.24
    Marker Score: 237,207
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 3.67
    Marker Score: 7,755
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 3.59
    Marker Score: 22,917
  • Cell Name: blood cell (CL0000081)
    Fold Change: 3.57
    Marker Score: 41,557
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: 3.45
    Marker Score: 3,947
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: 3.36
    Marker Score: 26,271
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002397)
    Fold Change: 3.3
    Marker Score: 6,425
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 3.21
    Marker Score: 5,852
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 3.2
    Marker Score: 23,839
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 3.19
    Marker Score: 7,782
  • Cell Name: mucous neck cell (CL0000651)
    Fold Change: 3.11
    Marker Score: 7,063
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: 3.09
    Marker Score: 2,431
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: 3.08
    Marker Score: 7,664
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: 3.04
    Marker Score: 26,197
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 2.97
    Marker Score: 102,748
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: 2.96
    Marker Score: 75,842
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: 2.95
    Marker Score: 29,250
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: 2.93
    Marker Score: 4,853
  • Cell Name: non-classical monocyte (CL0000875)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 6,928
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: 2.8
    Marker Score: 11,645
  • Cell Name: basophil (CL0000767)
    Fold Change: 2.73
    Marker Score: 1,296
  • Cell Name: intestine goblet cell (CL0019031)
    Fold Change: 2.69
    Marker Score: 2,575
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 2.68
    Marker Score: 17,151
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 2.64
    Marker Score: 6,658
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 2.62
    Marker Score: 3,377
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: 2.61
    Marker Score: 1,533
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: 2.61
    Marker Score: 3,049
  • Cell Name: enterocyte (CL0000584)
    Fold Change: 2.6
    Marker Score: 12,490
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stratum germinativum of esophagus (CL1000447)
    Fold Change: 2.6
    Marker Score: 628
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 15,730
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Marker Score: 1,116
  • Cell Name: lung secretory cell (CL1000272)
    Fold Change: 2.58
    Marker Score: 2,300
  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cell (CL4028003)
    Fold Change: 2.56
    Marker Score: 3,704
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lung (CL0000082)
    Fold Change: 2.55
    Marker Score: 13,410
  • Cell Name: type I pneumocyte (CL0002062)
    Fold Change: 2.54
    Marker Score: 3,065
  • Cell Name: colon epithelial cell (CL0011108)
    Fold Change: 2.54
    Marker Score: 7,988
  • Cell Name: T-helper 22 cell (CL0001042)
    Fold Change: 2.53
    Marker Score: 10,835
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 2.52
    Marker Score: 5,041
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Marker Score: 16,177
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Marker Score: 9,444
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Marker Score: 3,568
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 2.39
    Marker Score: 9,776
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 2.39
    Marker Score: 2,421
  • Cell Name: effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001044)
    Fold Change: 2.37
    Marker Score: 2,220
  • Cell Name: pulmonary artery endothelial cell (CL1001568)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 2,033
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 6,523
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000934)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 2,073
  • Cell Name: mammary gland epithelial cell (CL0002327)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 838
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 3,787
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 2.35
    Marker Score: 6,290
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 2.34
    Marker Score: 5,327
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 3,710
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 739
  • Cell Name: double negative T regulatory cell (CL0011024)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Marker Score: 2,238
  • Cell Name: CD34-positive, CD38-negative hematopoietic stem cell (CL0001024)
    Fold Change: 2.3
    Marker Score: 1,666
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: 2.3
    Marker Score: 4,071
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 2.26
    Marker Score: 977
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: 2.26
    Marker Score: 119,368
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial cell (CL1000500)
    Fold Change: 2.26
    Marker Score: 1,604
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: 2.25
    Marker Score: 5,843
  • Cell Name: reticular cell (CL0000432)
    Fold Change: 2.25
    Marker Score: 821
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 2.23
    Marker Score: 22,637
  • Cell Name: alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cell (CL4028002)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Marker Score: 5,635
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 2.21
    Marker Score: 1,138
  • Cell Name: alternatively activated macrophage (CL0000890)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 911
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 2.18
    Marker Score: 2,333
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 2,288
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 9,345
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 626
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 1,026
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 1,078
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell (CL0000313)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Marker Score: 860
  • Cell Name: bronchus fibroblast of lung (CL2000093)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 2,897
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 713
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 982
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 1,224
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 1,765
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: 2.07
    Marker Score: 866
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 2.07
    Marker Score: 712
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell (CL0002250)
    Fold Change: 2.06
    Marker Score: 777
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of colon (CL1000347)
    Fold Change: 2.06
    Marker Score: 3,168
  • Cell Name: memory regulatory T cell (CL0002678)
    Fold Change: 2.03
    Marker Score: 707
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 6,386
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002324)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 9,934
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 754
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of large intestine (CL1000279)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 764
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 2.02
    Marker Score: 995
  • Cell Name: NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001080)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 443
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of endocrine pancreas (CL0002351)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 438
  • Cell Name: granulocyte (CL0000094)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 900
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 2,841
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 7,123
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 2
    Marker Score: 17,552
  • Cell Name: CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human (CL0000938)
    Fold Change: 2
    Marker Score: 1,638
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Marker Score: 1,666
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Marker Score: 17,259
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian (CL0001066)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Marker Score: 637
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 2,135
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Marker Score: 1,761
  • Cell Name: central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000907)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Marker Score: 4,778

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **TSPO structure:** The TSPO gene encodes a transmembrane protein that spans the mitochondrial outer membrane and interacts with the cytosol. 2. **Cellular expression:** TSPO is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including immune cells, non-immune cells, and cancer cells. 3. **Signaling pathways:** TSPO is involved in multiple signaling pathways, including those related to steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol homeostasis, and cellular metabolism. 4. **Regulatory functions:** TSPO regulates various cellular processes, including immune response, cellular metabolism, and stress response. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Steroid hormone biosynthesis:** TSPO is involved in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, including cortisol and progesterone. 2. **Cholesterol homeostasis:** TSPO regulates cholesterol homeostasis by modulating cholesterol transport and metabolism. 3. **Cellular metabolism:** TSPO is involved in cellular metabolism, including glucose and lipid metabolism. 4. **Immune regulation:** TSPO regulates immune response by modulating the activity of immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. 5. **Stress response:** TSPO is involved in the stress response, including the regulation of corticosterone secretion and the response to xenobiotics. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Neuroinflammatory disorders:** TSPO has been implicated in neuroinflammatory disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. 2. **Cancer:** TSPO is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and prostate cancer. 3. **Metabolic disorders:** TSPO has been linked to metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. 4. **Psychiatric disorders:** TSPO has been implicated in psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. 5. **Immunotherapy:** TSPO is a potential target for immunotherapy, given its role in regulating immune response. In conclusion, the TSPO gene is a multifaceted gene that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including immune regulation, stress response, and cellular homeostasis. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which TSPO regulates these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1692343408

Symbol: TSPO_HUMAN

Name: Translocator protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P30536 Q53Y59 Q6ICF9 Q96TF6

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 DrugCentral 1 EMBL 8 EPD 1 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 49 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 3 PIRSF 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TCDB 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1847678

Title: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor.

PubMed ID: 1847678

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15707.x

PubMed ID: 7721091

Title: Comparison of repetitive elements in the third intron of human and rodent mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor-encoding genes.

PubMed ID: 7721091

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(94)00817-c

PubMed ID: 16189298

Title: Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor: characterization in human T-lymphoma Jurkat cells.

PubMed ID: 16189298

DOI: 10.1124/mol.105.015289

PubMed ID: 15461802

Title: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome.

PubMed ID: 15461802

DOI: 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84

PubMed ID: 10591208

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22.

PubMed ID: 10591208

DOI: 10.1038/990031

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9915832

Title: Cloning and characterization of PRAX-1. A new protein that specifically interacts with the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor.

PubMed ID: 9915832

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.5.2938

PubMed ID: 16822554

Title: Translocator protein (18kDa): new nomenclature for the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor based on its structure and molecular function.

PubMed ID: 16822554

DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2006.06.005

PubMed ID: 17143515

Title: Cellular expression, localization and interactions of the product of the human MOST-1 gene associated with breast and prostate cancers.

PubMed ID: 17143515

PubMed ID: 20600583

Title: Regulation of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) expression in health and disease states.

PubMed ID: 20600583

DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.06.013

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24814875

Title: Targeting mitochondrial 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO) regulates macrophage cholesterol efflux and lipid phenotype.

PubMed ID: 24814875

DOI: 10.1042/cs20140047

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 27641616

Title: TSPO ligands stimulate ZnPPIX transport and ROS accumulation leading to the inhibition of P. falciparum growth in human blood.

PubMed ID: 27641616

DOI: 10.1038/srep33516

PubMed ID: 11215759

Title: An association study between two missense variations of the benzodiazepine receptor (peripheral) gene and schizophrenia in a Japanese sample.

PubMed ID: 11215759

DOI: 10.1007/s007020070090

PubMed ID: 11304832

Title: No association of two missense variations of the benzodiazepine receptor (peripheral) gene and mood disorders in a Japanese sample.

PubMed ID: 11304832

DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1194

PubMed ID: 19846611

Title: The spontaneous Ala147Thr amino acid substitution within the translocator protein influences pregnenolone production in lymphomonocytes of healthy individuals.

PubMed ID: 19846611

DOI: 10.1210/en.2009-0752

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 169
  • Mass: 18828
  • Checksum: 6DD741BF99AB89D9
  • Sequence:
    • MAPPWVPAMG FTLAPSLGCF VGSRFVHGEG LRWYAGLQKP SWHPPHWVLG PVWGTLYSAM 
GYGSYLVWKE LGGFTEKAVV PLGLYTGQLA LNWAWPPIFF GARQMGWALV DLLLVSGAAA 
ATTVAWYQVS PLAARLLYPY LAWLAFTTTL NYCVWRDNHG WRGGRRLPE

Genular Protein ID: 3726472169

Symbol: O76068_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O76068

Database IDs:

ARBA 11 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 EMBL 3 GO 1 Gene3D 1 GenomeRNAi 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIRSF 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 RefSeq 3 SAM 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 143
  • Mass: 16107
  • Checksum: DEAF74A8415C65A9
  • Sequence:
    • HGEGLRWYAG LQKPSWHPPH WVLGPVWGTL YSAMGYGSYL VWKELGGFTE KAVVPLGLYT 
GQLALNWAWP PIFFGARQMG WALVDLLLVS GAAAATTVAW YQVSPLAARL LYPYLAWLAF 
TTTLNYCVWR DNHGWRGGRR LPE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.