Details for: CA9

Gene ID: 768

Symbol: CA9

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000107159

Description: carbonic anhydrase 9

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 31.8557
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 7.4896
    Cell Significance Index: 186.7700
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 4.7291
    Cell Significance Index: 23.0000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 2.5307
    Cell Significance Index: 72.9200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.9548
    Cell Significance Index: 372.0100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 1.6961
    Cell Significance Index: 35.1900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.5636
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: 1.4621
    Cell Significance Index: 14.7500
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.4003
    Cell Significance Index: 138.5200
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.0944
    Cell Significance Index: 65.7000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.0356
    Cell Significance Index: 112.6400
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.9350
    Cell Significance Index: 14.0900
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 0.8914
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.8506
    Cell Significance Index: 138.3400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6229
    Cell Significance Index: 32.3600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.5453
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.5302
    Cell Significance Index: 36.6700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3623
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8500
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: 0.2289
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2256
    Cell Significance Index: 203.7000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.2254
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1529
    Cell Significance Index: 83.5100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0697
    Cell Significance Index: 107.2400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0458
    Cell Significance Index: 62.2400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0291
    Cell Significance Index: 20.1200
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: 0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0106
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0132
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0136
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0187
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0204
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0287
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0288
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0296
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0326
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0329
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0476
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1000
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0537
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0566
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0633
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0681
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0759
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9800
  • Cell Name: slow muscle cell (CL0000189)
    Fold Change: -0.0814
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0857
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0871
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1051
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4000
  • Cell Name: peptic cell (CL0000155)
    Fold Change: -0.1181
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1182
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1184
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1268
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1288
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1317
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1100
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1377
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1414
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6900
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: -0.1438
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1466
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1477
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9400
  • Cell Name: intrahepatic cholangiocyte (CL0002538)
    Fold Change: -0.1606
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.1683
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.1721
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1736
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7400
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1747
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6800
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.1880
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1951
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.2001
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8500
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: -0.2007
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.2099
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6600
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2233
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7600
  • Cell Name: L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030067)
    Fold Change: -0.2234
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.2353
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.2542
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2621
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2622
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.2628
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0300
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.2630
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4400
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2653
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4500
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.2711
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1200
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: -0.2716
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.2740
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.2763
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2852
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Enzymatic Activity:** CA9 is a zinc-dependent carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, producing bicarbonate and protons. 2. **Cellular Localization:** CA9 is predominantly localized to the basolateral plasma membrane, where it regulates the pH gradient across epithelial cells. 3. **Hypoxia-Inducible Expression:** CA9 expression is induced by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to low oxygen levels. 4. **Tissue Distribution:** CA9 is expressed in various tissues, including the stomach, intestine, kidney, and lung, where it plays a role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Cellular Responses to Stress:** CA9 is involved in cellular responses to stress, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. 2. **Hypoxia-Induced Gene Expression:** CA9 expression is regulated by HIF, which binds to the CA9 promoter and activates transcription. 3. **Metabolic Pathways:** CA9 is involved in one-carbon metabolic processes, including gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. 4. **Epithelial Cell Function:** CA9 plays a critical role in maintaining the pH gradient across epithelial cells, regulating ion transport and secretion. 5. **Immune Cell Function:** CA9 is expressed in immune cells, including T lymphocytes and macrophages, where it regulates immune responses and inflammation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** CA9 expression has been implicated in various types of cancer, including lung, colon, and breast cancer, where it promotes tumor growth and metastasis. 2. **Cardiovascular Disease:** CA9 expression is elevated in cardiovascular disease, including heart failure and atherosclerosis, where it contributes to cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. 3. **Respiratory Disorders:** CA9 expression is increased in respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis, where it contributes to lung inflammation and fibrosis. 4. **Infectious Diseases:** CA9 expression is elevated in infectious diseases, including tuberculosis and malaria, where it contributes to immune evasion and disease progression. 5. **Therapeutic Targeting:** CA9 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disorders, where inhibiting CA9 expression or activity may provide therapeutic benefits. In conclusion, the carbonic anhydrase 9 gene plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of CA9 in human disease and to identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1347154380

Symbol: CAH9_HUMAN

Name: Carbonic anhydrase 9

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q16790 Q5T4R1

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 8 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DisProt 1 DrugBank 8 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 27 PDBsum 27 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 3 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8084592

Title: Cloning and characterization of MN, a human tumor-associated protein with a domain homologous to carbonic anhydrase and a putative helix-loop-helix DNA binding segment.

PubMed ID: 8084592

PubMed ID: 10709109

Title: Molecular cloning and immunogenicity of renal cell carcinoma-associated antigen G250.

PubMed ID: 10709109

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(20000315)85:6<865::aid-ijc21>3.0.co;2-q

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 1312272

Title: A novel quasi-viral agent, MaTu, is a two-component system.

PubMed ID: 1312272

DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90464-z

PubMed ID: 8486430

Title: Expression of MaTu-MN protein in human tumor cultures and in clinical specimens.

PubMed ID: 8486430

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910540218

PubMed ID: 16310354

Title: The role of carbonic anhydrase IX overexpression in kidney cancer.

PubMed ID: 16310354

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.09.011

PubMed ID: 17705204

Title: Saccharin inhibits carbonic anhydrases: possible explanation for its unpleasant metallic aftertaste.

PubMed ID: 17705204

DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701189

PubMed ID: 17314045

Title: Phosph(on)ate as a zinc-binding group in metalloenzyme inhibitors: X-ray crystal structure of the antiviral drug foscarnet complexed to human carbonic anhydrase I.

PubMed ID: 17314045

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.01.113

PubMed ID: 18703501

Title: Biochemical characterization of CA IX, one of the most active carbonic anhydrase isozymes.

PubMed ID: 18703501

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m800938200

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19186056

Title: A thiabendazole sulfonamide shows potent inhibitory activity against mammalian and nematode alpha-carbonic anhydrases.

PubMed ID: 19186056

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.01.038

PubMed ID: 19206230

Title: Non-zinc mediated inhibition of carbonic anhydrases: coumarins are a new class of suicide inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 19206230

DOI: 10.1021/ja809683v

PubMed ID: 18041760

Title: Stabilization of antibody structure upon association to a human carbonic anhydrase IX epitope studied by X-ray crystallography, microcalorimetry, and molecular dynamics simulations.

PubMed ID: 18041760

DOI: 10.1002/prot.21821

PubMed ID: 19805286

Title: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the tumor-associated human carbonic anhydrase IX.

PubMed ID: 19805286

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0908301106

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 459
  • Mass: 49698
  • Checksum: BA67195483F0F5CE
  • Sequence:
    • MAPLCPSPWL PLLIPAPAPG LTVQLLLSLL LLVPVHPQRL PRMQEDSPLG GGSSGEDDPL 
GEEDLPSEED SPREEDPPGE EDLPGEEDLP GEEDLPEVKP KSEEEGSLKL EDLPTVEAPG 
DPQEPQNNAH RDKEGDDQSH WRYGGDPPWP RVSPACAGRF QSPVDIRPQL AAFCPALRPL 
ELLGFQLPPL PELRLRNNGH SVQLTLPPGL EMALGPGREY RALQLHLHWG AAGRPGSEHT 
VEGHRFPAEI HVVHLSTAFA RVDEALGRPG GLAVLAAFLE EGPEENSAYE QLLSRLEEIA 
EEGSETQVPG LDISALLPSD FSRYFQYEGS LTTPPCAQGV IWTVFNQTVM LSAKQLHTLS 
DTLWGPGDSR LQLNFRATQP LNGRVIEASF PAGVDSSPRA AEPVQLNSCL AAGDILALVF 
GLLFAVTSVA FLVQMRRQHR RGTKGGVSYR PAEVAETGA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.