Details for: DNAJA3

Gene ID: 9093

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: DNAJA3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000103423

Description: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member A3

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 3.98
    rCSI 2.35%
    PRS 85.06
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 3.75
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 83.37
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 3.44
    rCSI 7.61%
    PRS 66.93
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.36
    rCSI 2.56%
    PRS 81.38
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 7.21%
    PRS 71.53
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 3.03
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 82.13
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 2.14%
    PRS 61.3
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.85
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 55.61
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 2.11%
    PRS 83.62
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 4.37%
    PRS 67.03
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.73
    rCSI 5.49%
    PRS 57.7
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 81.29
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 2.68
    rCSI 6.13%
    PRS 68.95
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 1.98%
    PRS 82.77
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 7.23%
    PRS 87.13
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.16%
    PRS 73.24
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 2.59%
    PRS 71.99
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 6.25%
    PRS 58.04
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.39
    rCSI 3.55%
    PRS 69.37
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 2.36
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 83.66
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 61.97
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.32
    rCSI 1.93%
    PRS 68.28
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 66.66
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 2.27
    rCSI 8.49%
    PRS 60.38
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 1.77%
    PRS 74.88
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 2.14%
    PRS 59.94
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 1.45%
    PRS 71.36
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 5.51%
    PRS 70.31
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 76.83
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 70.3
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 5.24%
    PRS 62.25
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 86.45
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 2.56%
    PRS 51.01
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 86.21
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 66.27
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 65.26
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 1.61%
    PRS 56.49
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 2.13%
    PRS 49.5
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 65.35
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 70.6
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.59
    rCSI 2.85%
    PRS 67.87
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 78.97
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.47
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 61.08
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 1.93%
    PRS 59.94
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 47.78
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 56.34
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.31
    rCSI 4.71%
    PRS 47.9
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.55%
    PRS 50.29
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.18
    rCSI 1.69%
    PRS 58.03
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.17
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 64.79
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 6.39%
    PRS 60.03
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 0.97
    rCSI 1.71%
    PRS 48.8
  • suprabasal keratinocyte CL4033013
    CSI 0.97
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 36.57
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.84
    rCSI 2.04%
    PRS 48.12
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.82
    rCSI 1.31%
    PRS 57.95
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.78
    rCSI 3.48%
    PRS 68.62
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.76
    rCSI 4.45%
    PRS 50.85
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 0.73
    rCSI 2.79%
    PRS 58.89
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.67
    rCSI 1.49%
    PRS 54.43
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.64
    rCSI 1.84%
    PRS 57.81
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.51
    rCSI 2.01%
    PRS 79.07
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 0.48
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 76.49
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 0.42
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 80.89
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.42
    rCSI 1.31%
    PRS 51.42
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.21
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 76.03

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093), also known as DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 3, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16p13.3. It encodes a mitochondrial member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of molecular chaperones, which are critical for protein folding, stability, and preventing protein aggregation under stress conditions. Functional annotation and expression data highlight its multifaceted roles in regulating apoptosis, modulating immune signaling pathways such as NF-kappaB and interferon responses, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. **Overall**, [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) shows significant expression in a wide range of immune cells, particularly T cell subsets like [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000904) and [naive T cells](/details-cell/CL0000898), as well as in metabolically active cells such as [type B pancreatic cells](/details-cell/CL0000169), suggesting its importance in both immune regulation and fundamental cellular bioenergetics. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) indicates a significant role within the adaptive immune system. The gene is a prominent marker across numerous lymphocyte populations, including various T cell subsets such as [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000904) (CSI: 3.98), [naive T cells](/details-cell/CL0000898) (CSI: 3.75), [effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0001050) (CSI: 3.36), and [CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cells](/details-cell/CL0000897) (CSI: 3.03). Its significance extends to the B cell lineage, with high scores in [class switched memory B cells](/details-cell/CL0000972) (CSI: 2.83) and [immature B cells](/details-cell/CL0000816) (CSI: 2.70). Beyond the immune system, [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) shows high significance in cell types characterized by high metabolic or secretory activity. This includes [type B pancreatic cells](/details-cell/CL0000169) (CSI: 3.44), [midzonal region hepatocytes](/details-cell/CL0019028) (CSI: 3.07), and [placental villous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL2000060) (CSI: 2.83). This broad but specific expression pattern suggests that while [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) is integral to lymphocyte function, its primary role may be linked to fundamental mitochondrial processes such as stress response and protein quality control, which are vital in these diverse and highly active cell types. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) is functionally annotated in a diverse set of biological processes, underscoring its role as a cellular hub for stress response and signaling. As a mitochondrial chaperone, its core functions include [protein folding](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0006457](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006457)), [protein stabilization](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0050821](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050821)), and maintaining [mitochondrion organization](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0007005](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007005)), which is consistent with its molecular ability to bind [Hsp70 proteins](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0030544](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030544)) and [unfolded proteins](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0051082](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051082)). Its involvement in cellular signaling is extensive, particularly within the immune system. The gene is implicated in the negative regulation of both [NF-kappaB signal transduction](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0043124](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043124)) and the [type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0060336](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060336)), a function supported by research demonstrating its ability to modulate interferon signaling ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m103683200)). This aligns with its high expression in T cells, where it also contributes to [T cell differentiation in the thymus](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0033077](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0033077)) and the [positive regulation of T cell proliferation](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0042102](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042102)). Notably, [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) exhibits a dual role in apoptosis, participating in both positive ([GO:0043065](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043065)) and negative ([GO:0043066](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043066)) regulation of the process. This includes a specific role in the [activation-induced cell death of T cells](/gene-details/9093) ([GO:0006924](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006924)), highlighting its function as a critical decision-maker in lymphocyte fate. Studies have confirmed that it can encode two distinct modulators of apoptosis with opposing functions ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8499)). ## Research Directions The multifaceted roles of [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) in mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and immune signaling provide several avenues for future investigation. Its position as a homolog of a *Drosophila* tumor suppressor and its interaction with the human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1998.9220)) further enhance its clinical relevance. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression across T cell subtypes and its dual involvement in proliferation and apoptosis, [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) may function as a crucial mitochondrial rheostat that integrates cellular stress and metabolic signals to determine T cell fate, either promoting clonal expansion or initiating activation-induced cell death. 2. Based on its high significance in metabolically demanding cells like [type B pancreatic cells](/details-cell/CL0000169) and [hepatocytes](/details-cell/CL0019028), dysfunction in [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) could impair mitochondrial proteostasis, leading to cellular stress and contributing to the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 3. The documented ability of [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) to negatively regulate interferon and NF-kappaB signaling suggests it acts as a key feedback inhibitor to prevent excessive inflammation, and that variations in its expression or function could predispose individuals to autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. **Suggested Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) is a key regulator of T cell fate (Hypothesis 1), a conditional knockout mouse model could be generated to specifically delete [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) in the T cell lineage (e.g., using a *Cd4*-Cre driver). T cells isolated from knockout and wild-type mice would be activated *in vitro* using anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation. Subsequent analyses would compare proliferation rates (via CFSE dilution), apoptosis levels (via Annexin V/PI staining), and cytokine profiles (via Luminex or ELISA). Furthermore, Seahorse metabolic flux analysis could be used to directly assess how the loss of [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) impacts mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis during T cell activation. **Therapeutic Potential:** [DNAJA3](/details-gene/9093) presents a complex but promising therapeutic target. In oncology, its tumor suppressor-like properties and interaction with viral oncoproteins suggest that strategies aimed at stabilizing or enhancing its pro-apoptotic functions could be beneficial. In the context of autoimmune diseases, its role as a negative regulator of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways makes it an attractive candidate for activation. Therapeutics could involve small molecules that modulate its chaperone activity or its binding to specific signaling partners, rather than simple global inhibition, to leverage its context-dependent functions.

Genular Protein ID: 1701150643

Symbol: DNJA3_HUMAN

Name: DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 3, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9683573

Title: A novel human DnaJ protein, hTid-1, a homolog of the Drosophila tumor suppressor protein Tid56, can interact with the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein.

PubMed ID: 9683573

DOI: 10.1006/viro.1998.9220

PubMed ID: 11679576

Title: hTid-1, a human DnaJ protein, modulates the interferon signaling pathway.

PubMed ID: 11679576

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103683200

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15616553

Title: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.

PubMed ID: 15616553

DOI: 10.1038/nature03187

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12097419

Title: Large scale identification of human hepatocellular carcinoma-associated antigens by autoantibodies.

PubMed ID: 12097419

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.2.1102

PubMed ID: 10411904

Title: TID1, a human homolog of the Drosophila tumor suppressor l(2)tid, encodes two mitochondrial modulators of apoptosis with opposing functions.

PubMed ID: 10411904

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.15.8499

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23455924

Title: A Y2H-seq approach defines the human protein methyltransferase interactome.

PubMed ID: 23455924

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2397

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 480
  • Mass: 52489
  • Checksum: 5A57B9020992CF59
  • Sequence:
  • MAARCSTRWL LVVVGTPRLP AISGRGARPP REGVVGAWLS RKLSVPAFAS SLTSCGPRAL 
    LTLRPGVSLT GTKHNPFICT ASFHTSAPLA KEDYYQILGV PRNASQKEIK KAYYQLAKKY 
    HPDTNKDDPK AKEKFSQLAE AYEVLSDEVK RKQYDAYGSA GFDPGASGSQ HSYWKGGPTV 
    DPEELFRKIF GEFSSSSFGD FQTVFDQPQE YFMELTFNQA AKGVNKEFTV NIMDTCERCN 
    GKGNEPGTKV QHCHYCGGSG METINTGPFV MRSTCRRCGG RGSIIISPCV VCRGAGQAKQ 
    KKRVMIPVPA GVEDGQTVRM PVGKREIFIT FRVQKSPVFR RDGADIHSDL FISIAQALLG 
    GTARAQGLYE TINVTIPPGT QTDQKIRMGG KGIPRINSYG YGDHYIHIKI RVPKRLTSRQ 
    QSLILSYAED ETDVEGTVNG VTLTSSGGST MDSSAGSKAR REAGEDEEGF LSKLKKMFTS

Genular Protein ID: 1784436229

Symbol: Q59E88_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 478
  • Mass: 52286
  • Checksum: F79D9A5FC3B18DD9
  • Sequence:
  • ARCSTRWLLV VVGTPRLPAI SGRGARPPRE GVVGAWLSRK LSVPAFASSL TSCGPRALLT 
    LRPGVSLTGT KHNPFICTAS FHTSAPLAKE DYYQILGVPR NASQKEIKKA YYQLAKKYHP 
    DTNKDDPKAK EKFSQLAEAY EVLSDEVKRK QYDAYGSAGF DPGASGSQHS YWKGGPTVDP 
    EELFRKIFGE FSSSSFGDFQ TVFDQPQEYF MELTFNQAAK GVNKEFTVNI MDTCERCNGK 
    GNEPGTKVQH CHYCGGSGME TINTGPFVMR STCRRCGGRG SIIISPCVVC RGAGQAKQKK 
    RVMIPVPAGV EDGQTVRMPV GKREIFITFR VQKSPVFRRD GADIHSDLFI SIAQALLGGT 
    ARAQGLYETI NVTIPPGTQT DQKIRMGGKG IPRINSYGYG DHYIHIKIRV PKRLTSRQQS 
    LILSYAEDET DVEGTVNGVT LTSSGGSTMD SSAGSKARRE AGEDEEGFLS KLKKMFTS

Genular Protein ID: 2944926533

Symbol: B3KM81_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 453
  • Mass: 49583
  • Checksum: DEE8850F767165CC
  • Sequence:
  • MAARCSTRWL LVVVGTPRLP AISGRGARPP REGVVGAWLS RKLSVPAFAS SLTSCGPRAL 
    LTLRPGVSLT GTKHNPFICT ASFHTSAPLA KEDYYQILGV PQNASQKEIK KAYYQLAKKY 
    HPDTNKDDPK AKEKFSQLAE AYEVLSDEVK RKQYDAYGSA GFDPGASGSQ HSYWKGGPTV 
    DPEELFRKIF GEFSSSSFGD FQTVFDQPQE YFMELTFNQA AKGVNKEFTV NIMDTCERCN 
    GKGNEPGTKV QHCHYCGGSG METINTGPFV MRSTCRRCGG RGSIIISPCV VCRGAGQAKQ 
    KKRVMIPVPA GVEDGQTVRM PVGKREIFIT FRVQKSPVFR RDGADIHSDL FISIAQALLG 
    GTARAQGLYE TINVTIPPGT QTDQKIRMGG KGIPRINSYG YGDHYIHIKI RVPKRLTSRQ 
    QSLILSYAED ETDVEGTVNG VTLTSSGKRS TGN