Details for: CD86

Gene ID: 942

Symbol: CD86

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000114013

Description: CD86 molecule

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 94.9563
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 58.9016
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9400
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 27.3142
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 12.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8100
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 5.0699
    Cell Significance Index: 78.4400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 2.5005
    Cell Significance Index: 46.2200
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 2.0300
    Cell Significance Index: 25.1100
  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: 1.5504
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0900
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: 1.4587
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0600
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 1.2063
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.4074
    Cell Significance Index: 48.0500
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.3316
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3800
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 0.2321
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0359
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7600
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0167
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0185
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0201
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7900
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: -0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0276
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9500
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0283
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.0294
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0297
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0355
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0500
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0577
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0615
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0622
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0704
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8300
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: -0.0824
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0830
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1053
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1081
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1110
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1112
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1124
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4400
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1207
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1212
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1352
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1386
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1418
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7600
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.1508
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1626
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1787
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1876
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9800
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: -0.2096
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2247
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1100
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.2310
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2340
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2390
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.2476
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2980
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6600
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2984
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3109
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.3171
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3800
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.3253
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3600
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.3308
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.3362
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3597
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7700
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.3780
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1600
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3851
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.3856
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6000
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.3882
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.3917
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.3955
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2100
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: -0.4132
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4192
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4362
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2800
  • Cell Name: mature microglial cell (CL0002629)
    Fold Change: -0.4468
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8800
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.4510
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4537
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4500
  • Cell Name: elicited macrophage (CL0000861)
    Fold Change: -0.4644
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.4695
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5800
  • Cell Name: Kupffer cell (CL0000091)
    Fold Change: -0.4786
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4908
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0700
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: -0.4979
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.5165
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.5208
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3000
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.5290
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6800
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.5461
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9500
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5558
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8600
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.5729
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.5778
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.5845
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3700
  • Cell Name: professional antigen presenting cell (CL0000145)
    Fold Change: -0.5940
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.6091
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0200
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: -0.6154
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.6183
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8200
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.6217
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.6231
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9600
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.6293
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7800
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.6294
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CD86 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the B7 family of molecules. It is expressed on the surface of APCs and is involved in the regulation of T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. CD86 shares structural similarities with CD40, another B7 family member, but its ligand, CD28, is distinct from CD40L. CD86 is specifically expressed on the surface of APCs and lacks the ligand-binding domain found in other B7 family members, such as CD40. **Pathways and Functions** CD86 plays a critical role in various signaling pathways that regulate immune responses. The primary pathway involves the interaction between CD86 and CD28, leading to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and phospholipase C (PLC) activity. This activation results in the production of second messengers, such as inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which activate various downstream signaling pathways. These pathways include: 1. PI3K/Akt signaling: CD86 activation leads to the activation of PI3K, which phosphorylates and activates Akt, a key regulator of cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. 2. NF-κB signaling: CD86 activation also activates NF-κB, a transcription factor involved in the regulation of immune responses, including the production of cytokines and chemokines. 3. MAPK signaling: CD86 activation can also activate the MAPK signaling pathway, which regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. CD86 functions in various immune responses, including: 1. T cell activation: CD86 provides co-stimulatory signals to T cells, enhancing their activation, proliferation, and differentiation. 2. B cell activation: CD86 plays a role in the activation of B cells, particularly in the production of immunoglobulins. 3. Th2 cell differentiation: CD86 is essential for the differentiation of Th2 cells, which are involved in the regulation of immune responses to parasites and allergens. 4. Cancer immunotherapy: CD86 has been identified as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy, as its expression on tumor cells can be exploited to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. **Clinical Significance** CD86 has significant clinical implications in the treatment of various diseases, including: 1. Cancer: CD86 expression on tumor cells can be targeted to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. 2. Autoimmune diseases: CD86 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, and may be a potential target for therapeutic interventions. 3. Infections: CD86 plays a role in the regulation of immune responses to viral infections, and its expression on APCs can be exploited to enhance vaccine efficacy. 4. Transplantation: CD86 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of immune responses during transplantation, and its expression on APCs can be targeted to enhance graft acceptance. In summary, CD86 is a critical costimulatory molecule that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in the activation of T cells and the differentiation of Th2 cells. Its expression on APCs makes it an attractive target for therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infections.

Genular Protein ID: 353467806

Symbol: CD86_HUMAN

Name: T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7694153

Title: B70 antigen is a second ligand for CTLA-4 and CD28.

PubMed ID: 7694153

DOI: 10.1038/366076a0

PubMed ID: 7694363

Title: Cloning of B7-2: a CTLA-4 counter-receptor that costimulates human T cell proliferation.

PubMed ID: 7694363

DOI: 10.1126/science.7694363

PubMed ID: 11162656

Title: Identification of an alternatively spliced variant of human CD86 mRNA.

PubMed ID: 11162656

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4102

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16641997

Title: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3.

PubMed ID: 16641997

DOI: 10.1038/nature04728

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7541777

Title: Genomic organization of the gene coding for the costimulatory human B-lymphocyte antigen B7-2 (CD86).

PubMed ID: 7541777

DOI: 10.1007/bf00178582

PubMed ID: 7527824

Title: CD80 (B7) and CD86 (B70) provide similar costimulatory signals for T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and generation of CTL.

PubMed ID: 7527824

PubMed ID: 7520767

Title: The B7-2 (B70) costimulatory molecule expressed by monocytes and activated B lymphocytes is the CD86 differentiation antigen.

PubMed ID: 7520767

PubMed ID: 12196291

Title: The interaction properties of costimulatory molecules revisited.

PubMed ID: 12196291

DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00362-x

PubMed ID: 12582153

Title: c-MIR, a human E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a functional homolog of herpesvirus proteins MIR1 and MIR2 and has similar activity.

PubMed ID: 12582153

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m211285200

PubMed ID: 16920215

Title: Members of adenovirus species B utilize CD80 and CD86 as cellular attachment receptors.

PubMed ID: 16920215

DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2006.07.009

PubMed ID: 30918073

Title: By Binding CD80 and CD86, the Vaccinia Virus M2 Protein Blocks Their Interactions with both CD28 and CTLA4 and Potentiates CD80 Binding to PD-L1.

PubMed ID: 30918073

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00207-19

PubMed ID: 11279501

Title: Structural basis for co-stimulation by the human CTLA-4/B7-2 complex.

PubMed ID: 11279501

DOI: 10.1038/35069112

PubMed ID: 12606712

Title: Crystal structure of the receptor-binding domain of human B7-2: insights into organization and signaling.

PubMed ID: 12606712

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.252771499

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 329
  • Mass: 37682
  • Checksum: C249DAEEB889D911
  • Sequence:
  • MDPQCTMGLS NILFVMAFLL SGAAPLKIQA YFNETADLPC QFANSQNQSL SELVVFWQDQ 
    ENLVLNEVYL GKEKFDSVHS KYMGRTSFDS DSWTLRLHNL QIKDKGLYQC IIHHKKPTGM 
    IRIHQMNSEL SVLANFSQPE IVPISNITEN VYINLTCSSI HGYPEPKKMS VLLRTKNSTI 
    EYDGVMQKSQ DNVTELYDVS ISLSVSFPDV TSNMTIFCIL ETDKTRLLSS PFSIELEDPQ 
    PPPDHIPWIT AVLPTVIICV MVFCLILWKW KKKKRPRNSY KCGTNTMERE ESEQTKKREK 
    IHIPERSDEA QRVFKSSKTS SCDKSDTCF

Genular Protein ID: 2914387160

Symbol: A0A0X9R4E0_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 323
  • Mass: 37021
  • Checksum: 030FEE69089B73DB
  • Sequence:
  • MGLSNILFVM AFLLSGAAPL KIQAYFNETA DLPCQFANSQ NQSLSELVVF WQDQENLVLN 
    EVYLGKEKFD SVHSKYMGRT SFDSDSWTLR LHNLQIKDKG LYQCIIHHKK PTGMIRIHQM 
    NSELSVLANF SQPEIVPISN ITENVYINLT CSSIHGYPEP KKMSVLLRTK NSTIEYDGIM 
    QKSQDNVTEL YDVSISLSVS FPDVTSNMTI FCILETDKTR LLSSPFSIEL EDPQPPPDHI 
    PWITAVLPTV IICVMVFCLI LWKWKKKKRP RNSYKCGTNT MEREESEQTK KREKIHIPER 
    SDEAQRVFKS SKTSSCDKSD TCF

Genular Protein ID: 3962049152

Symbol: A8K632_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 329
  • Mass: 37756
  • Checksum: 7EDE533873336FCC
  • Sequence:
  • MDPQCTMGLS NILFVMAFLL SGAAPLKIQA YFNETADLPC QFANSQNQSL SELVVFWQDQ 
    ENLVLNEVYL GKEKFDSVHS KYMGRTSFDS DSWTLRLHNL QIKDKGLYQC IIHHKKPTGM 
    IRIHQMNFEL SVLANFSQPE IVPISNITEN VYINLTCSSI HGYPEPKKMS VLLRTKNSTI 
    EYDGIMQKSQ DNVTELYDVS ISLSVSFPDV TSNMTIFCIL ETDKTRLLSS PFSIELEDPQ 
    PPPDHIPWIT AVLPTVIICV MVFCLILWKW KKKKRPRNSY KCGTNTMERE ESEQTKKREK 
    IHIPERSDEA QRVFKSSKTS SCDKSDTCF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.